hibernate 的级联保存和关联关系

Customer 和 Orders 是一对多的关系，Orders和Customer是多对一关系，即这两个双向关联.

Customer 和Bid是一对一的关系，一对一的关系就不存在双向和单向了

 

如下是他们的类：

customer.java

 

package com.reflesh;

import java.util.Date;
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Set;

public class Customer {

 private int id;
 private String name;
 private Date date;
 private String tele;
 private Bid bidId;
 private Set ordersId = new HashSet();           //省略set 和get 方法
	}

 

orders.java

public class Orders {
private Long orderId;
private String name;
private Customer customer;

// 省略掉equals和haseCode（）

Bid.java

private Long bidId;
 private String name;
 private Customer customerBId;
 
  
 }

 

customer.hbm.xml

 <id name="id" column="customerId" type="int">
      <generator class="sequence">
        <param name="sequence">customerId</param>       
      </generator>
    </id>
    <property name="name"  column="name"  type="string" />  
    <property name="date"     column="orderDate"     type="date"/> 
    <property name="tele"  column="telephone"  type="string"/> 
   <set name="ordersId"   cascade="save-update" inverse="true">
       <key column="customerOId"/>
       <one-to-many class="com.reflesh.Orders" />
   </set>
 
   <one-to-one name="bidId" class="com.reflesh.Bid" property-ref="customerBId" cascade="save-update"/>
 

 orders.hbm.xml

<id name="orderId" column="orderId2" type="long">
      <generator class="sequence">
        <param name="sequence">seq_order</param>       
      </generator>
    </id>
    <property name="name"  column="name"  type="string" />  
   <many-to-one 
        name="customer" 
        class="com.reflesh.Customer" 
        column="customerOId"
        
         />

 bid.hbm.xml

<id name="bidId" column="bidId" type="long">
      <generator class="sequence" >
       <param name="sequence">seq_bid</param>      
      </generator>    
    </id>
    <property name="name"  column="name"  type="string" />  

<many-to-one name="customerBId" class="com.reflesh.Customer"
   column="customerBId"  unique="true" />

 test.java

                                Session session =HibernateSessionFactory.getSession();
		Transaction tr = null;              

                                 /* 关联类*/
		 Customer c = new Customer();
		  c.setName("bellwind");
		  Date date = RefleshActionHelper.FormatDate("2004-05-09", "yyyy-mm-dd");
		  c.setDate(date);
		  c.setTele("123456");
		  Serializable  id = null;
		  Orders o = new Orders();
		  o.setName("订单1dfdf");
	   	   o.setCustomer(c);
		   Orders o2 = new Orders();
		   o2.setName("订单2");
		   o2.setCustomer(c);
	                   c.getOrdersId().add(o);
	                   c.getOrdersId().add(o2);	    
	                Bid bid = new Bid();
		bid.setName("ijd");
		bid.setCustomerBId(c);
		c.setBidId(bid);

		/* 关联类完*/	
		try {
	    tr = session.beginTransaction();
	     id = session.save(c); //三个都保存	    
		    tr.commit();
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
			tr.rollback();
		}
		finally {
			session.close();
		}
		return id;
	}

 

说明：a,b,c为级联的步骤

a.在set属性上加 cascade="save-update"

b. 关联类 见代码test.java的注释

c. 保存customer一个就行了，因为customer表是主表，orders表的外键customerOId和Bid表的外键customerBId    都关系到customer表的主键；

注意：

a.一般都选择保存customer来级联保存orders和bids，不选择保存orders或者bids来级联保存customer；

b. 没有.inverse="true",执行如下语句

insert into customer (name, orderDate, telephone, customerId) values (?, ?, ?, ?)
Hibernate: insert into orders (name, customerOId, orderId2) values (?, ?, ?)
Hibernate: insert into orders (name, customerOId, orderId2) values (?, ?, ?)
Hibernate: insert into bid (name, customerBId, bidId) values (?, ?, ?)
Hibernate: update orders set customerOId=? where orderId2=?
Hibernate: update orders set customerOId=? where orderId2=?

有了inverse="true",执行如下语句
insert into customer (name, orderDate, telephone, customerId) values (?, ?, ?, ?)
Hibernate: insert into orders (name, customerOId, orderId2) values (?, ?, ?)
Hibernate: insert into orders (name, customerOId, orderId2) values (?, ?, ?)
Hibernate: insert into bid (name, customerBId, bidId) values (?, ?, ?)
可以看出减少了2条语句，提高了性能

 

 

customer单向关联orders的步骤：

1.

customer.hbm.xml

<set name="ordersId"   cascade="save-update" inverse="true">
       <key column="customerOId"/>
       <one-to-many class="com.reflesh.Orders" />
   </set>

 

2.orders.hbm.xml 不用配关联到customer， 删除<many-to-one >元素

3.orders类的customer属性删除

4.只需单向关联

Customer c = new Customer();

 Bid bid = new Bid();
c.setBidId(bid);

5.save(c) 就行了

注意：

如果是customer单向关联orders，那么inverse="true" 不可以少，否则orders表的外键为null，它需要

Hibernate: update orders set customerOId=? where orderId2=?
Hibernate: update orders set customerOId=? where orderId2=?

这两句来更新orders表的外键