Java Checked 和 UnChecked Exception 的区别

这个问题已经在不仅一次的面试中出现了，因此收录到博客里！

Checked: 能在compile时被检查到

比如：

import java.io.*;
 
class Main {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        FileReader file = new FileReader("C:\\test\\a.txt");
        BufferedReader fileInput = new BufferedReader(file);
         
        // Print first 3 lines of file "C:\test\a.txt"
        for (int counter = 0; counter < 3; counter++) 
            System.out.println(fileInput.readLine());
         
        fileInput.close();
    }
}

UnChecked：只能在runtime（运行时）才能被检查到的。

如除以0

class Main {
   public static void main(String args[]) {
      int x = 0;
      int y = 10;
      int z = y/x;
  }
}

再来一张继承关系图：

                   +-----------+
		   | Throwable |
                   +-----------+
                    /         \
		   /           \
          +-------+          +-----------+
          | Error |          | Exception |
          +-------+          +-----------+
	   /  |  \           / |        \
         \________/	  \______/    	 \
			                +------------------+
	unchecked	 checked	| RuntimeException |
					+------------------+
					  /   |    |      \
					 \_________________/
					   
					   unchecked

http://www.geeksforgeeks.org/checked-vs-unchecked-exceptions-in-java/