今天,我们继续html5游戏制作入门系列的系列文章。今天,我们将继续基础知识(也许甚至是高级技巧的基础)。我要告诉你如何具有渐变颜色填充对象,绘制文本,使用自定义的字体绘制文本,基本的动画,以及最重要的UI元素 – 按钮。
我们以前的文章中,你可以在这里阅读:html5游戏制作入门系列教程(一)。我们会用到以前的脚本,并将其功能加强。我要绘制文本,使用自定义字体,动画对象(方形)与渐变色填充,将利用“播放/暂停”按钮暂停动画。
这里有我们的演示和下载包:
好吧,下载所需文件,让我们开始编码!
步骤1: HTML
这里是我演示的HTML
index.html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en" >
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8" />
<title>html5game-html5游戏制作入门系列教程(二)</title>
<link href="main.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" />
<!--[if lt IE 9]>
<script src="http://html5shiv.googlecode.com/svn/trunk/html5.js"></script>
<![endif]-->
<script src="http://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/1.5.2/jquery.min.js" type="text/javascript"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="script.js"></script>
</head>
<body>
<div class="container">
<canvas id="scene" width="800" height="600"></canvas>
</div>
<footer>
<h2>html5游戏制作入门系列教程(二)</h2>
<a class="stuts" href="http://html5gamedev.org/?p=304">返回原文 <span>html5游戏制作入门系列教程(二)</span></a>
</footer>
</body>
</html>
步骤2:CSS
下面是CSS样式。
/* general styles */
*{
margin:0;
padding:0;
}
@font-face {
font-family: "DS-Digital";
src: url("Ds-digib.ttf");
}
body {
background-color:#bababa;
background-image: -webkit-radial-gradient(600px 300px, circle, #ffffff, #bababa 60%);
background-image: -moz-radial-gradient(600px 300px, circle, #ffffff, #bababa 60%);
background-image: -o-radial-gradient(600px 300px, circle, #ffffff, #bababa 60%);
background-image: radial-gradient(600px 300px, circle, #ffffff, #bababa 60%);
color:#fff;
font:14px/1.3 Arial,sans-serif;
min-height:1000px;
}
.container {
width:100%;
}
.container > * {
display:block;
margin:50px auto;
}
footer {
background-color:#212121;
bottom:0;
box-shadow: 0 -1px 2px #111111;
display:block;
height:70px;
left:0;
position:fixed;
width:100%;
z-index:100;
}
footer h2{
font-size:22px;
font-weight:normal;
left:50%;
margin-left:-400px;
padding:22px 0;
position:absolute;
width:540px;
}
footer a.stuts,a.stuts:visited{
border:none;
text-decoration:none;
color:#fcfcfc;
font-size:14px;
left:50%;
line-height:31px;
margin:23px 0 0 110px;
position:absolute;
top:0;
}
footer .stuts span {
font-size:22px;
font-weight:bold;
margin-left:5px;
}
h3 {
text-align:center;
}
#scene {
background-image:url(01.jpg);
position:relative;
}
注意@ font-face的这种使用方式,自定义字体文件(TTF)连接到我们的教程中(在画布上绘制)。
步骤3: JS
var canvas, ctx; var circles = []; var selectedCircle; var hoveredCircle; var button; var moving = false; var speed = 2.0; // ------------------------------------------------------------- // objects : function Circle(x, y, radius){ this.x = x; this.y = y; this.radius = radius; } function Button(x, y, w, h, state, image) { this.x = x; this.y = y; this.w = w; this.h = h; this.state = state; this.imageShift = 0; this.image = image; } // ------------------------------------------------------------- // draw functions : function clear() { // clear canvas function ctx.clearRect(0, 0, ctx.canvas.width, ctx.canvas.height); } function drawCircle(ctx, x, y, radius) { // draw circle function ctx.fillStyle = 'rgba(255, 35, 55, 1.0)'; ctx.beginPath(); ctx.arc(x, y, radius, 0, Math.PI*2, true); ctx.closePath(); ctx.fill(); ctx.lineWidth = 1; ctx.strokeStyle = 'rgba(0, 0, 0, 1.0)'; ctx.stroke(); // draw border } function drawScene() { // main drawScene function clear(); // clear canvas // draw the title text ctx.font = '42px DS-Digital'; ctx.textAlign = 'center'; ctx.fillStyle = '#ffffff'; ctx.fillText('Welcome to lesson #2', ctx.canvas.width/2, 50); var bg_gradient = ctx.createLinearGradient(0, 200, 0, 400); bg_gradient.addColorStop(0.0, 'rgba(255, 0, 0, 0.8)'); bg_gradient.addColorStop(0.5, 'rgba(0, 255, 0, 0.8)'); bg_gradient.addColorStop(1.0, 'rgba(0, 0, 255, 0.8)'); ctx.beginPath(); // custom shape begin ctx.fillStyle = bg_gradient; ctx.moveTo(circles[0].x, circles[0].y); for (var i=0; i<circles.length; i++) { ctx.lineTo(circles[i].x, circles[i].y); } ctx.closePath(); // custom shape end ctx.fill(); // fill custom shape ctx.lineWidth = 2; ctx.strokeStyle = 'rgba(0, 0, 255, 0.5)'; ctx.stroke(); // draw border // reverting direction if (circles[0].x <= 300 || circles[0].x >= 385) { speed = -speed; } // central object behavior if (moving) { circles[0].x -= speed; circles[0].y -= speed; circles[1].x += speed; circles[1].y -= speed; circles[2].x += speed; circles[2].y += speed; circles[3].x -= speed; circles[3].y += speed; } drawCircle(ctx, circles[0].x, circles[0].y, (hoveredCircle == 0) ? 25 : 15); drawCircle(ctx, circles[1].x, circles[1].y, (hoveredCircle == 1) ? 25 : 15); drawCircle(ctx, circles[2].x, circles[2].y, (hoveredCircle == 2) ? 25 : 15); drawCircle(ctx, circles[3].x, circles[3].y, (hoveredCircle == 3) ? 25 : 15); // draw button ctx.drawImage(button.image, 0, button.imageShift, button.w, button.h, button.x, button.y, button.w, button.h); // draw text ctx.font = '30px DS-Digital'; ctx.fillStyle = '#ffffff'; ctx.fillText('Play/Pause', 135, 480); ctx.fillText(button.state, 135, 515); } // ------------------------------------------------------------- // initialization $(function(){ canvas = document.getElementById('scene'); ctx = canvas.getContext('2d'); var circleRadius = 15; var width = canvas.width; var height = canvas.height; // lets add 4 circles manually circles.push(new Circle(width / 2 - 20, height / 2 - 20, circleRadius)); circles.push(new Circle(width / 2 + 20, height / 2 - 20, circleRadius)); circles.push(new Circle(width / 2 + 20, height / 2 + 20, circleRadius)); circles.push(new Circle(width / 2 - 20, height / 2 + 20, circleRadius)); // load the guide sprite image buttonImage = new Image(); buttonImage.src = 'button.png'; buttonImage.onload = function() { } button = new Button(50, 450, 180, 120, 'normal', buttonImage); // binding mousedown event (for dragging) $('#scene').mousedown(function(e) { var mouseX = e.layerX || 0; var mouseY = e.layerY || 0; for (var i=0; i<circles.length; i++) { // checking through all circles - are mouse down inside circle or not var circleX = circles[i].x; var circleY = circles[i].y; var radius = circles[i].radius; if (Math.pow(mouseX-circleX,2) + Math.pow(mouseY-circleY,2) < Math.pow(radius,2)) { selectedCircle = i; break; } } // button behavior if (mouseX > button.x && mouseX < button.x+button.w && mouseY > button.y && mouseY < button.y+button.h) { button.state = 'pressed'; button.imageShift = 262; } }); $('#scene').mousemove(function(e) { // binding mousemove event for dragging selected circle var mouseX = e.layerX || 0; var mouseY = e.layerY || 0; if (selectedCircle != undefined) { // var canvasPosition = $(this).offset(); var radius = circles[selectedCircle].radius; circles[selectedCircle] = new Circle(mouseX, mouseY,radius); // changing position of selected circle } hoveredCircle = undefined; for (var i=0; i<circles.length; i++) { // checking through all circles - are mouse down inside circle or not var circleX = circles[i].x; var circleY = circles[i].y; var radius = circles[i].radius; if (Math.pow(mouseX-circleX,2) + Math.pow(mouseY-circleY,2) < Math.pow(radius,2)) { hoveredCircle = i; circles[hoveredCircle] = new Circle(circleX, circleY, 25); break; } } // button behavior if (button.state != 'pressed') { button.state = 'normal'; button.imageShift = 0; if (mouseX > button.x && mouseX < button.x+button.w && mouseY > button.y && mouseY < button.y+button.h) { button.state = 'hover'; button.imageShift = 131; } } }); $('#scene').mouseup(function(e) { // on mouseup - cleaning selectedCircle selectedCircle = undefined; // button behavior if (button.state == 'pressed') { moving = !moving; } button.state = 'normal'; button.imageShift = 0; }); setInterval(drawScene, 30); // loop drawScene });
下面是关于一些新功能代码的解释:
1)我们可以绘制文本(自定义字体)使用下面的代码,如下:
ctx.font = '42px DS-Digital'; ctx.textAlign = 'center'; ctx.fillStyle = '#ffffff'; ctx.fillText('Welcome to lesson #2', ctx.canvas.width/2, 50);
2)运用渐变色:
var bg_gradient = ctx.createLinearGradient(0, 200, 0, 400); bg_gradient.addColorStop(0.0, 'rgba(255, 0, 0, 0.8)'); bg_gradient.addColorStop(0.5, 'rgba(0, 255, 0, 0.8)'); bg_gradient.addColorStop(1.0, 'rgba(0, 0, 255, 0.8)'); ctx.fillStyle = bg_gradient;
3)按钮 – 我用一个精灵图像,绘制按钮的三个状态,并添加悬停/事件的事件处理程序。下面是加载和绘制图像画布的方式:
buttonImage = new Image(); buttonImage.src = 'button.png'; ....... ctx.drawImage(image, sx, sy, sWidth, sHeight, dx, dy, width, height);
结论
超级酷,不是吗?我会很高兴看到您的评论和意见。祝你好运!
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