java的Timer、Scheduler定时器

Time定时器

1、在应用开发中，经常需要一些周期性的操作，比如每5分钟执行某一操作等。对于这样的操作最方便、高效的实现方式就是使用java.util.Timer工具类。

private java.util.Timer timer;

timer = new Timer(true);

timer.schedule(

new java.util.TimerTask() { public voidrun() { //server.checkNewMail(); 要操作的方法 } }, 0,5*60*1000); 

      第一个参数是要操作的方法，第二个参数是要设定延迟的时间，第三个参数是周期的设定，每隔多长时间执行该操作。

    使用这几行代码之后，Timer本身会每隔5分钟调用一遍server.checkNewMail()方法，不需要自己启动线程。Timer本身也是多线程同步的，多个线程可以共用一个Timer，不需要外部的同步代码。

2、

(1)Timer.schedule(TimerTask task,Date time)安排在制定的时间执行指定的任务。

(2)Timer.schedule(TimerTask task,DatefirstTime ,long period)安排指定的任务在指定的时间开始进行重复的固定延迟执行．

(3)Timer.schedule(TimerTask task,longdelay)安排在指定延迟后执行指定的任务．

(4)Timer.schedule(TimerTask task,longdelay,long period)安排指定的任务从指定的延迟后开始进行重复的固定延迟执行．

(5)Timer.scheduleAtFixedRate(TimerTasktask,Date firstTime,long period)安排指定的任务在指定的时间开始进行重复的固定速率执行．

(6)Timer.scheduleAtFixedRate(TimerTasktask,long delay,long period)安排指定的任务在指定的延迟后开始进行重复的固定速率执行．

 

Scheduler定时器

首先添加所需要的类包：quartz-1.5.2.jar，quartz-all-1.5.2.jar，quartz-jboss-1.5.2.jar 

//设置定时作业

 public voidstartScheduler(HttpServletRequest requests)throws SchedulerException{

  try{

   //建立作业调度器

   Scheduler scheduler =StdSchedulerFactory.getDefaultScheduler();

   //判断作业调度内是否有作业，如果有将其删除

   if(!scheduler.isShutdown()) {

               scheduler.deleteJob("ReceiveOnTimed", Scheduler.DEFAULT_GROUP);

           }

   //删除调度器的作业后，新建一个我们现在要完成的作业，该作业所需要的类是ReceiveJobd.class,作业名字是ReceiveOnTimes,所属分组是Scheduler.DEFAULT_GROUP

           JobDetail jobDetail = new JobDetail("ReceiveOnTimed",

                                               Scheduler.DEFAULT_GROUP,

                                               ReceiveJobd.class);

           int m = ips.length;

           int n = tablenames.length;

           //向作业内设置要传入的参数

           jobDetail.getJobDataMap().put("scheduler", scheduler);

           jobDetail.getJobDataMap().put("ipLength", m);

           jobDetail.getJobDataMap().put("tablenameLength", n);

           jobDetail.getJobDataMap().put("wcx",wc);

           for (int i = 0; i < m; i++) {

               jobDetail.getJobDataMap().put("ip" + i, ips[i]);

               for (int j = 0; j < n; j++) {

                   jobDetail.getJobDataMap().put("tablename" + j, tablenames[j]);

               }

           }

           //建立触发器，判断何时触发该作业,参数为触发器的名称，触发器分组，作业名称，作业分组，时间设定

           Trigger trigger = new CronTrigger("ReceiverOnTimeTriggerd",

                                             scheduler.DEFAULT_GROUP,

                                             "ReceiveOnTimed",

                                             scheduler.DEFAULT_GROUP, time);

           //将作业和触发器添加到调度器

           scheduler.scheduleJob(jobDetail, trigger);

           //按照设置开始调度

           scheduler.start();

  }catch(Exception e){

   e.printStackTrace();

  }

 }

 具体作业类的处理：

 packagecom.bodhiya.schsystem.business;

import org.quartz.Job;

import org.quartz.JobDataMap;

import org.quartz.JobExecutionContext;

import org.quartz.JobExecutionException;

import org.quartz.Scheduler;

import org.springframework.web.context.WebApplicationContext;

public class ReceiveJobd implements Job{

 public void ReceiveJobd(){

 }

 //作业具体实现的功能

 public voidexecute(JobExecutionContext context) throws

    JobExecutionException {

     try {

           

           //建立JobDataMap对象，用来接收传递的参数

           JobDataMap dataMap = context.getMergedJobDataMap();

           int ipLength = dataMap.getInt("ipLength");

           int tablenameLength = dataMap.getInt("tablenameLength");

           WebApplicationContext wc=(WebApplicationContext)dataMap.get("wcx");

           

           String ip = "";

           String tablename = "";

           for (int i = 0; i < ipLength; i++) {

               ip = dataMap.getString("ip" + i);

               for (int j = 0; j < tablenameLength; j++) {

                   tablename = dataMap.getString("tablename" + j);

                   ExchangeAccess ea=new ExchangeAccess(ip,tablename,wc);

                     //启动线程

                   ea.start();

               }

           }

           Scheduler scheduler = (Scheduler) dataMap.get("scheduler");

           scheduler.deleteJob("ReceiveOnTimed", Scheduler.DEFAULT_GROUP);

       } catch (Exception ex) {

           ex.printStackTrace();

       }

 }

}

 

一、java自带的 Timer

示例

class-1

import javax.servlet.ServletContextListener;
import java.util.Timer;
import javax.servlet.ServletContextEvent;

public class MyListener implements ServletContextListener {
    private Timer timer = null;

    public void contextInitialized(ServletContextEvent event) {
        timer = new Timer(true);
        timer.schedule(new MyTask(), 0, 1000*10);
    }

    public void contextDestroyed(ServletContextEvent event) {
        timer.cancel();
    }

}

class-2

import java.util.TimerTask;

public class MyTask extends TimerTask{
    public MyTask() {
        System.out.println("new timer "+System.currentTimeMillis());
    }
    public  void run(){
        System.out.println(" timer is running ,time is "+System.currentTimeMillis());
    }
}

配置

<listener>
        <listener-class>MyListener</listener-class>    
    </listener>

 

二、开源

quartz