随便了解了下,也用搜到的代码理解了一下,稍微做了一些修改
比较底层的一些类有
package com.orz.gen;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.InetAddress;
import java.net.InetSocketAddress;
import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
import java.nio.CharBuffer;
import java.nio.channels.*;
import java.nio.charset.CharacterCodingException;
import java.nio.charset.Charset;
import java.nio.charset.CharsetDecoder;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.Set;
/**
* Created by IntelliJ IDEA.
* User: felix
* Date: 2010-5-11
* Time: 13:45:31
*/
public class GemClass {
int port = 12345;
int BUFFERSIZE = 1024;
Selector selector = null;
ServerSocketChannel serverChannel = null;
HashMap<SocketChannel, ClientChInstance> clientChannelMap = null;//用来存放每一个客户连接对应的套接字和通道
public GemClass(int port) {
this.clientChannelMap = new HashMap<SocketChannel, ClientChInstance>();
this.port = port;
}
public void initialize() throws IOException {
//初始化,分别实例化一个选择器,一个服务器端可选择通道
this.selector = Selector.open();
this.serverChannel = ServerSocketChannel.open();
this.serverChannel.configureBlocking(false);
InetAddress localhost = InetAddress.getLocalHost();
InetSocketAddress isa = new InetSocketAddress(localhost, this.port);
this.serverChannel.socket().bind(isa);//将该套接字绑定到服务器某一可用端口
}
//结束时释放资源
public void finalize() throws IOException {
this.serverChannel.close();
this.selector.close();
}
//将读入字节缓冲的信息解码
public String decode(ByteBuffer byteBuffer) throws
CharacterCodingException {
Charset charset = Charset.forName("UTF-8");
CharsetDecoder decoder = charset.newDecoder();
CharBuffer charBuffer = decoder.decode(byteBuffer);
return charBuffer.toString();
}
//监听端口,当通道准备好时进行相应操作
public void portListening() throws IOException, InterruptedException {
//服务器端通道注册OP_ACCEPT事件
SelectionKey acceptKey = this.serverChannel.register(this.selector,
SelectionKey.OP_ACCEPT);
//当有已注册的事件发生时,select()返回值将大于0
while (selector.select() > 0) {
System.out.println("event happened");
//取得所有已经准备好的所有选择键
Set<SelectionKey> readyKeys = this.selector.selectedKeys();
//使用迭代器对选择键进行轮询
Iterator<SelectionKey> i = readyKeys.iterator();
while (i.hasNext()) {
SelectionKey key = i.next();
i.remove();//删除当前将要处理的选择键
if (key.isAcceptable()) {//如果是有客户端连接请求
System.out.println("more client connect in!");
ServerSocketChannel nextReady = (ServerSocketChannel) key.channel();
//获取客户端套接字
SocketChannel s = nextReady.accept();
//设置对应的通道为异步方式并注册感兴趣事件
s.configureBlocking(false);
//SelectionKey readWriteKey =s.register(this.selector,SelectionKey.OP_READ);
//将注册的事件与该套接字联系起来
//readWriteKey.attach(s);
s.register(selector,SelectionKey.OP_READ);
//将当前建立连接的客户端套接字及对应的通道存放在哈希表//clientChannelMap中
this.clientChannelMap.put(s, new ClientChInstance(s));
} else if (key.isReadable()) {//如果是通道读准备好事件
System.out.println("Readable");
//取得选择键对应的通道和套接字
//SelectableChannel nextReady = key.channel();
SocketChannel channel = (SocketChannel) key.channel();
//处理该事件,处理方法已封装在类ClientChInstance中
this.readFromChannel(channel,clientChannelMap.get(channel));
} else if (key.isWritable()) {//如果是通道写准备好事件
System.out.println("writeable");
//取得套接字后处理,方法同上
SocketChannel channel = (SocketChannel)key.channel();
this.writeToChannel(channel, "This is from server!");
}
}
}
}
//对通道的写操作
public void writeToChannel(SocketChannel channel, String message)
throws IOException {
ByteBuffer buf = ByteBuffer.wrap(message.getBytes());
int nbytes = channel.write(buf);
SelectableChannel ss;
}
//对通道的读操作
public void readFromChannel(SocketChannel channel, ClientChInstance clientInstance)
throws IOException, InterruptedException {
ByteBuffer byteBuffer = ByteBuffer.allocate(BUFFERSIZE);
int nbytes = channel.read(byteBuffer);
byteBuffer.flip();
String result = this.decode(byteBuffer);
//当客户端发出”@exit”退出命令时,关闭其通道
if (result.indexOf("@exit") >= 0) {
channel.close();
} else {
clientInstance.append(result);
//读入一行完毕,执行相应操作
if (result.indexOf("\n") >= 0) {
System.out.println("client input: " + result);
clientInstance.execute();
}
}
}
//该类封装了怎样对客户端的通道进行操作,具体实现可以通过重载execute()方法
public class ClientChInstance {
SocketChannel channel;
StringBuffer buffer = new StringBuffer();
public ClientChInstance(SocketChannel channel) {
this.channel = channel;
}
public void execute() throws IOException {
String message = "This is response after reading from channel!";
writeToChannel(this.channel, message);
buffer = new StringBuffer();
}
//当一行没有结束时,将当前字窜置于缓冲尾
public void append(String values) {
buffer.append(values);
}
}
//主程序
public static void main(String[] args) {
GemClass nbServer = new GemClass(12345);
try {
nbServer.initialize();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
System.exit(-1);
}
try {
nbServer.portListening();
}
catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
比较底层的一些类有
ServerSocketChannel //用于表示服务器,可以bind服务端地址和端口,关键在于使用accept()开启新的socket连接
SocketChannel; //代表一个socket连接的实例,在例子中使用了Map进行保存引用,进而复用,如保存交互记录等操作
Selector; //比较关键和比较难理解的一个地方,用于管理一组基于注册机制的连接对象,通过select()进行循环监听,在其下的连接对象发起新的事件时,响应并允许进行相应的自定义操作,使用selectedKeys表示所注册的子对象
SelectionKey; //配合Selector使用,用于表示一个或一组selector的类型,读/写/请求,比较抽象的包括了一个连接或者一个服务的类型(PS:比较纠结),因此也常需要进行强制向下转换.常用的方法有:channel(),attach(); 两个分别为关联的channel和所附带的对象,后者可能也可以用于保存一个数据.
这个例子忽略了线程安全带来的问题,可以直接使用telnet ip port进行测试,但如果涉及到服务端write操作,代码还需要调整,否则会有死循环产生!