Java中Thread类的start()和run()的区别

1、start()方法来启动线程，真正实现了多线程运行，这时无需等待run方法体代码执行完毕而直接继续执行下面的代码。

通过调用Thread类的start()方法来启动一个线程，这时此线程是处于就绪状态，并没有运行。然后JVM通过此Thread类调用方法run()来完成其运行操作的，这里方法run()称为线程执行体，它包含了要执行的这个线程的内容，run方法运行结束，此线程终止，而CPU再运行其它线程，

2、run()方法当作普通方法的方式调用，程序还是要顺序执行，还是要等待run方法体执行完毕后才可继续执行下面的代码。

如果直接用run方法，这只是调用一个方法而已，程序中依然只有主线程，只有这一个线程，其程序执行路径还是只有一条，这样就没有达到写线程的目的。

记住：线程就是为了更好地利用CPU，提高程序运行速率的！

为了更好地理解两者的区别，看以下的例子：
例程1：

public class TestThread {
	public static void main(String arg[]){
		NewThread t1 = new NewThread();
		NewThread t2 = new NewThread();
		Thread th1 = new Thread(t1);
		Thread th2 = new Thread(t2);
		System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() );
		th1.start();
		th2.start();
		//th1.run();
		//th2.run();
	}
}
class NewThread implements Runnable{
	int i = 0;
	public void run() {
		for(int i = 0; i <20;i ++){
			System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() +"   "+ i);
		}
	}
}

程序的运行结果1（//th1.run();//th2.run();）：
[color=blue]main
Thread-0 0
Thread-0 1
Thread-1 0
Thread-0 2
Thread-1 1
Thread-1 2
Thread-0 3
Thread-1 3
Thread-0 4
Thread-1 4
Thread-0 5
Thread-0 6
Thread-1 5
Thread-0 7
Thread-1 6
Thread-0 8
Thread-1 7
Thread-0 9
Thread-1 8
Thread-0 10
Thread-0 11
Thread-0 12
Thread-1 9
Thread-0 13
Thread-0 14
Thread-1 10
Thread-0 15
Thread-0 16
Thread-1 11
Thread-0 17
Thread-1 12
Thread-0 18
Thread-1 13
[b]Thread-0 19[/b]
Thread-1 14
Thread-1 15
Thread-1 16
Thread-1 17
Thread-1 18
[b]Thread-1 19[/b][/color]
程序的运行结果2：（//th1.start();//th2.start();）
[color=blue]main
main 0
main 1
main 2
main 3
main 4
main 5
main 6
main 7
main 8
main 9
main 10
main 11
main 12
main 13
main 14
main 15
main 16
main 17
main 18
[b]main 19[/b]
main 0
main 1
main 2
main 3
main 4
main 5
main 6
main 7
main 8
main 9
main 10
main 11
main 12
main 13
main 14
main 15
main 16
main 17
main 18
[b]main 19[/b][/color]

[b]运行结果分析：[/b]线程对象调用start()方法，就表示启动了线程，即又产生了一条执行线索。而调用run()方法，只是相当于普通的方法调用，并没有产生新的执行线索，run()方法仍然在调用它的线程中执行。

如下图1为两种不同情况的比较：

[img]http://dl.iteye.com/upload/attachment/317553/63b75f60-2fa7-3c21-8d60-8ee4cd58a732.jpg[/img]

假设将程序中的注释都去掉：
例程2：

public class TestThread {
	public static void main(String arg[]){
		NewThread t1 = new NewThread();
		NewThread t2 = new NewThread();
		Thread th1 = new Thread(t1);
		Thread th2 = new Thread(t2);
		System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName());
		th1.start();
		th2.start();
		th1.run();
		th2.run();
	}
}
class NewThread implements Runnable{
	int i = 0;
	public void run() {
		for(int i = 0; i <20;i ++){
			System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() +"   "+ i);
		}
	}
}

程序的运行结果如下：
[b]第一种结果：[/b]
[color=blue]main
Thread-0 0
Thread-1 0
Thread-1 1
Thread-1 2
main 0
Thread-1 3
Thread-0 1
Thread-1 4
main 1
main 2
main 3
main 4
main 5
Thread-1 5
Thread-0 2
Thread-0 3
Thread-0 4
Thread-0 5
Thread-0 6
Thread-0 7
Thread-1 6
Thread-1 7
main 6
Thread-1 8
Thread-0 8
Thread-0 9
Thread-1 9
main 7
Thread-1 10
Thread-0 10
Thread-1 11
main 8
main 9
Thread-1 12
Thread-0 11
Thread-1 13
Thread-1 14
Thread-1 15
main 10
Thread-1 16
Thread-1 17
Thread-0 12
Thread-1 18
main 11
Thread-1 19
Thread-0 13
Thread-0 14
main 12
main 13
main 14
Thread-0 15
main 15
Thread-0 16
main 16
main 17
Thread-0 17
main 18
Thread-0 18
[b]main 19[/b]
Thread-0 19[/color]
[b]第二种结果：[/b]
[color=blue]main
main 0
Thread-0 0
Thread-1 0
Thread-0 1
main 1
main 2
Thread-0 2
Thread-1 1
Thread-0 3
main 3
main 4
Thread-0 4
Thread-0 5
Thread-0 6
Thread-0 7
Thread-1 2
Thread-0 8
main 5
Thread-0 9
Thread-1 3
Thread-0 10
main 6
Thread-0 11
Thread-1 4
Thread-0 12
main 7
Thread-0 13
Thread-1 5
Thread-0 14
main 8
Thread-0 15
Thread-1 6
Thread-0 16
main 9
Thread-0 17
Thread-1 7
Thread-0 18
main 10
Thread-0 19
Thread-1 8
main 11
Thread-1 9
main 12
Thread-1 10
Thread-1 11
main 13
Thread-1 12
Thread-1 13
Thread-1 14
main 14
Thread-1 15
main 15
Thread-1 16
main 16
main 17
Thread-1 17
main 18
Thread-1 18
[b]main 19[/b]
Thread-1 19
main 0
main 1
main 2
main 3
main 4
main 5
main 6
main 7
main 8
main 9
main 10
main 11
main 12
main 13
main 14
main 15
main 16
main 17
main 18
[b]main 19[/b][/color]
[color=red]问题：为什么会产生这两种结果？[/color]

例程3：

public class TestThread {
	public static void main(String arg[]){
		NewThread t1 = new NewThread();
		NewThread t2 = new NewThread();
		Thread th1 = new Thread(t1);
		Thread th2 = new Thread(t2);
			th1.start();
		th2.start();
		for(int i = 0; i <20;i ++){
			System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() +"   "+ i);
		}
		th1.run();
		th2.run();
	}
}
class NewThread implements Runnable{
	int i = 0;
	public void run() {
		for(int i = 0; i <20;i ++){
			System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() +"   "+ i);
		}
	}
}

程序的运行结果如下：
[b]第一种结果：[/b]
[color=blue]main 0
main 1
Thread-0 0
Thread-1 0
Thread-1 1
Thread-0 1
Thread-0 2
main 2
Thread-0 3
Thread-1 2
Thread-0 4
Thread-0 5
main 3
Thread-0 6
Thread-1 3
Thread-0 7
main 4
main 5
Thread-0 8
Thread-0 9
Thread-1 4
Thread-1 5
Thread-1 6
Thread-0 10
main 6
Thread-0 11
Thread-1 7
Thread-0 12
Thread-0 13
Thread-0 14
main 7
main 8
main 9
main 10
Thread-0 15
Thread-0 16
Thread-1 8
Thread-0 17
main 11
Thread-0 18
Thread-1 9
Thread-1 10
Thread-1 11
Thread-0 19
main 12
main 13
main 14
Thread-1 12
main 15
Thread-1 13
main 16
Thread-1 14
main 17
Thread-1 15
main 18
[b]main 19[/b]
Thread-1 16
main 0
Thread-1 17
main 1
Thread-1 18
Thread-1 19
main 2
main 3
main 4
main 5
main 6
main 7
main 8
main 9
main 10
main 11
main 12
main 13
main 14
main 15
main 16
main 17
main 18
[b]main 19[/b][/color]
[b]第二种结果：[/b]
[color=blue]Thread-0 0
Thread-1 0
Thread-1 1
Thread-1 2
main 0
Thread-1 3
Thread-0 1
Thread-0 2
Thread-1 4
main 1
Thread-1 5
Thread-1 6
Thread-1 7
Thread-0 3
Thread-1 8
Thread-1 9
main 2
Thread-1 10
Thread-0 4
Thread-1 11
Thread-1 12
main 3
main 4
Thread-1 13
Thread-0 5
Thread-1 14
main 5
Thread-1 15
Thread-0 6
Thread-0 7
Thread-0 8
Thread-0 9
Thread-1 16
main 6
Thread-1 17
Thread-0 10
Thread-0 11
Thread-1 18
Thread-1 19
main 7
main 8
main 9
Thread-0 12
Thread-0 13
main 10
Thread-0 14
Thread-0 15
Thread-0 16
main 11
Thread-0 17
main 12
Thread-0 18
main 13
Thread-0 19
main 14
main 15
main 16
main 17
main 18
[b]main 19[/b][/color]
[b]第三种结果：[/b]
[color=blue]main 0
main 1
main 2
main 3
main 4
main 5
main 6
main 7
main 8
main 9
main 10
main 11
main 12
main 13
main 14
main 15
main 16
main 17
main 18
[b]main 19[/b]
Thread-1 0
Thread-0 0
Thread-1 1
main 0
main 1
Thread-0 1
main 2
Thread-1 2
Thread-1 3
Thread-1 4
main 3
main 4
Thread-0 2
main 5
Thread-1 5
main 6
Thread-0 3
main 7
Thread-1 6
main 8
Thread-0 4
Thread-0 5
main 9
main 10
main 11
Thread-1 7
main 12
main 13
main 14
Thread-0 6
main 15
Thread-1 8
main 16
Thread-0 7
main 17
Thread-1 9
main 18
[b]main 19[/b]
Thread-0 8
Thread-0 9
main 0
Thread-1 10
main 1
main 2
Thread-0 10
Thread-0 11
Thread-0 12
main 3
Thread-1 11
Thread-1 12
Thread-1 13
main 4
Thread-0 13
main 5
Thread-1 14
main 6
Thread-0 14
main 7
Thread-1 15
main 8
main 9
main 10
Thread-0 15
Thread-0 16
main 11
Thread-1 16
main 12
Thread-0 17
main 13
Thread-1 17
main 14
Thread-0 18
main 15
Thread-1 18
Thread-1 19
main 16
Thread-0 19
main 17
main 18
[b]main 19[/b][/color]
[color=red]问题：为什么会产生这三种结果？[/color]

例程4：

public class TestThread {
	public static void main(String arg[]){
		NewThread t1 = new NewThread();
		NewThread t2 = new NewThread();
		Thread th1 = new Thread(t1);
		Thread th2 = new Thread(t2);
		for(int i = 0; i <20;i ++){
			System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() +"   "+ i);
		}
		th1.run();
		th2.run();
	}
}
class NewThread implements Runnable{
	int i = 0;
	public void run() {
		for(int i = 0; i <20;i ++){
			System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() +"   "+ i);
		}
	}
}

程序运行结果如下：
[color=blue]main 0
main 1
main 2
main 3
main 4
main 5
main 6
main 7
main 8
main 9
main 10
main 11
main 12
main 13
main 14
main 15
main 16
main 17
main 18
[b]main 19[/b]
main 0
main 1
main 2
main 3
main 4
main 5
main 6
main 7
main 8
main 9
main 10
main 11
main 12
main 13
main 14
main 15
main 16
main 17
main 18
[b]main 19[/b]
main 0
main 1
main 2
main 3
main 4
main 5
main 6
main 7
main 8
main 9
main 10
main 11
main 12
main 13
main 14
main 15
main 16
main 17
main 18
[b]main 19[/b][/color]
[b]说明：[/b]在这种情况下才会产生惟一结果。线程对象直接调用run()方法，在主线程中顺序执行。