最近在学习Hibernate(基于《深入浅出Hibernate》一书),在动手练习的时候,出现了一些问题,并加以解决,现将其罗列如下:
数据库表创建:
CREATE TABLE `t_user` ( `id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, `name` varchar(45) default NULL, `age` int(3) default NULL, `group_id` int(11) default NULL, PRIMARY KEY (`id`) ) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
CREATE TABLE `t_passport` ( `id` int(11) NOT NULL , `serial` varchar(30) default NULL, `expiry` int(11) default NULL, PRIMARY KEY (`id`) ) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
配置文件:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="GB2312"?> <!DOCTYPE beans PUBLIC "-//SPRING//DTD BEAN//EN" "http://www.springframework.org/dtd/spring-beans.dtd"> <beans> <bean id="myDataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource" destroy-method="close"> <property name="driverClassName" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver" /> <property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test" /> <property name="username" value="root" /> <property name="password" value="123" /> <property name="maxActive" value="64"/> <property name="maxIdle" value="2" /> <property name="maxWait" value="10" /> <!-- <property name="validationQuery" value="select sysdate from dual" /> --> <property name="testWhileIdle" value="true" /> <property name="timeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis" value="60000" /> <property name="minEvictableIdleTimeMillis" value="60000" /> <property name="removeAbandoned" value="true" /> </bean> <bean id="mySessionFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate.LocalSessionFactoryBean"> <property name="dataSource"><ref local="myDataSource"/></property> <property name="mappingResources"> <list> <!-- <value>com/chinabank/b2c/hbm/Person.hbm.xml</value> <value>com/chinabank/b2c/hbm/Address.hbm.xml</value> --> <value>com/chinabank/b2c/hbm/TUser.hbm.xml</value> <value>com/chinabank/b2c/hbm/TPassport.hbm.xml</value> </list> </property> <property name="hibernateProperties"> <props> <!--<prop key="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect</prop>--> <prop key="hibernate.dialect">net.sf.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect</prop> <prop key="hibernate.show_sql">true</prop> <prop key="hibernate.cglib.use_reflection_optimizer">true</prop> <prop key="hibernate.proxool.existing_pool">true</prop> <prop key="hibernate.proxool.pool_alias">test</prop> <prop key="hibernate.jdbc.batch_size">0</prop> </props> </property> </bean> <!-- Transaction manager for a single Hibernate SessionFactory (alternative to JTA) --> <bean id="myTransactionManager" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate.HibernateTransactionManager"> <property name="sessionFactory"><ref local="mySessionFactory"/></property> <!-- <property name="dataSource"><ref local="myDataSource"/></property> --> </bean> </beans>
<?xml version="1.0"?> <!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD//EN" "http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-2.0.dtd" > <hibernate-mapping> <class name="com.chinabank.b2c.hbm.TUser" table="t_user"> <id name="id" column="id" type="java.lang.Integer"> <generator class="native"><!--assigned native--> </generator> </id> <property name="name" type="java.lang.String" column="name"> </property> <property name="age" type="java.lang.Integer" column="age"> </property> <!-- --> <one-to-one name="passport" class="com.chinabank.b2c.hbm.TPassport" cascade="all" outer-join="true"> </one-to-one> </class> </hibernate-mapping>
<?xml version="1.0"?> <!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD//EN" "http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-2.0.dtd" > <hibernate-mapping> <class name="com.chinabank.b2c.hbm.TPassport" table="t_passport"> <id name="id" column="id" type="java.lang.Integer"> <generator class="foreign"> <param name="property">user</param> </generator> </id> <property name="serial" type="java.lang.String" column="serial"> </property> <property name="expiry" type="java.lang.Integer" column="expiry"> </property> <one-to-one name="user" class="com.chinabank.b2c.hbm.TUser" constrained="true"> </one-to-one> </class> </hibernate-mapping>
javabean定义
package com.chinabank.b2c.hbm;
import java.io.Serializable;
public class TUser implements Serializable {
/**
*
*/
private static final long serialVersionUID = -1523232529237055567L;
public TUser(){
}
public Integer getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(Integer id) {
this.id = id;
}
public Integer getAge() {
return age;
}
public void setAge(Integer age) {
this.age = age;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public TPassport getPassport() {
return passport;
}
public void setPassport(TPassport passport) {
this.passport = passport;
}
private Integer id;
private Integer age;
private String name;
private TPassport passport;
}
package com.chinabank.b2c.hbm;
import java.io.Serializable;
public class TPassport implements Serializable {
/**
*
*/
private static final long serialVersionUID = -7458971855517828094L;
public TPassport(){
}
public Integer getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(Integer id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getSerial() {
return serial;
}
public void setSerial(String serial) {
this.serial = serial;
}
public Integer getExpiry() {
return expiry;
}
public void setExpiry(Integer expiry) {
this.expiry = expiry;
}
public TUser getUser() {
return user;
}
public void setUser(TUser user) {
this.user = user;
}
private Integer id;
private String serial;
private Integer expiry;
private TUser user;
public String toString(){
return this.serial+this.id+this.expiry+user.toString();
}
}
public void cascadeT(){ ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("spring-config.xml"); HibernateTransactionManager manager = (HibernateTransactionManager) context.getBean("myTransactionManager"); try { Session session = manager.getSessionFactory().openSession(); TUser user = new TUser(); user.setAge(new Integer(20)); user.setName("Carin"); TPassport passport = new TPassport(); passport.setSerial("PCN759386"); passport.setExpiry(new Integer(20150101)); // 设置关联 passport.setUser(user); user.setPassport(passport); Transaction tx = session.beginTransaction(); session.save(user); tx.commit(); } catch (HibernateException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } }
以上是最终代码。在此之前,曾遇到过这样几个问题:
错误1.hibernate方言适配器配置不对。
2012-5-22 3:22:12 net.sf.hibernate.id.TableGenerator generate 严重: could not read a hi value com.mysql.jdbc.exceptions.MySQLSyntaxErrorException: Table 'test.hibernate_unique_key' doesn't exist
错:<prop key="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect</prop> 对:<prop key="hibernate.dialect">net.sf.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect</prop>
错误2. 主键没有设置为自动增长
警告: SQL Error: 1364, SQLState: HY000 2012-5-22 3:27:05 net.sf.hibernate.util.JDBCExceptionReporter logExceptions 严重: Field 'id' doesn't have a default value net.sf.hibernate.exception.GenericJDBCException: could not insert: [com.chinabank.b2c.hbm.TUser]
`id` int(11) NOT NULL 之后加上 AUTO_INCREMENT 即:`id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT
错误3. 错误的添加外键,画蛇添足
警告: SQL Error: 1452, SQLState: 23000 2012-5-22 3:34:40 net.sf.hibernate.util.JDBCExceptionReporter logExceptions 严重: Cannot add or update a child row: a foreign key constraint fails (`test`.`t_user`, CONSTRAINT `fk1` FOREIGN KEY (`id`) REFERENCES `t_passport` (`id`) ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION) net.sf.hibernate.exception.GenericJDBCException: could not insert: [com.chinabank.b2c.hbm.TUser]
去掉外键