Freemarker页面语法

最新推荐文章于 2022-05-07 18:00:13 发布

iteye_9258

最新推荐文章于 2022-05-07 18:00:13 发布

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分类专栏：模板文章标签： freemarker Flash Go Spring Python

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/iteye_9258/article/details/81763572

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A 概念

最常用的 3 个概念

sequence 序列，对应java 里的list 、数组等非键值对的集合

hash 键值对的集合

namespace 对一个ftl 文件的引用, 利用这个名字可以访问到该ftl 文件的资源

B 指令

if, else, elseif

语法

Java代码 <embed type="application/x-shockwave-flash" width="14" height="15" src="http://jiangsha.iteye.com/javascripts/syntaxhighlighter/clipboard_new.swf" flashvars="clipboard=%3C%23if%20condition%3E%0A%20%20...%0A%3C%23elseif%20condition2%3E%0A%20%20...%0A%3C%23elseif%20condition3%3E%0A%20%20...%0A...%0A%3C%23else%3E%0A%20%20...%0A%3C%2F%23if%3E" quality="high" allowscriptaccess="always" pluginspage="http://www.macromedia.com/go/getflashplayer"></embed>

<# if condition>
...
<#elseif condition2>
...
<#elseif condition3>
...
...
<#else >
...
</#if >

<#if condition>
  ...
<#elseif condition2>
  ...
<#elseif condition3>
  ...
...
<#else>
  ...
</#if>

用例

<#if x = 1 >
x is 1
</#if>
<#if x = 1 >
x is 1
<#else>
x is not 1
</#if>

<#if x = 1>
  x is 1
</#if>
<#if x = 1>
  x is 1
<#else>
  x is not 1
</#if>

switch, case, default, break

语法

Freemarker代码 <embed type="application/x-shockwave-flash" width="14" height="15" src="http://jiangsha.iteye.com/javascripts/syntaxhighlighter/clipboard_new.swf" flashvars="clipboard=%3C%23switch%20value%3E%0A%20%20%3C%23case%20refValue1%3E%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20...%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%3C%23break%3E%0A%20%20%3C%23case%20refValue2%3E%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20...%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%3C%23break%3E%0A%20%20...%0A%20%20%3C%23case%20refValueN%3E%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20...%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%3C%23break%3E%0A%20%20%3C%23default%3E%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20...%0A%3C%2F%23switch%3E" quality="high" allowscriptaccess="always" pluginspage="http://www.macromedia.com/go/getflashplayer"></embed>

<#switch value>
<#case refValue1>
...
<#break>
<#case refValue2>
...
<#break>
...
<#case refValueN>
...
<#break>
<#default>
...
</#switch>

<#switch value>
  <#case refValue1>
         ...
         <#break>
  <#case refValue2>
         ...
         <#break>
  ...
  <#case refValueN>
         ...
         <#break>
  <#default>
         ...
</#switch>

用例

字符串

Freemarker代码 <embed type="application/x-shockwave-flash" width="14" height="15" src="http://jiangsha.iteye.com/javascripts/syntaxhighlighter/clipboard_new.swf" flashvars="clipboard=%3C%23switch%20being.size%3E%0A%20%20%3C%23case%20%22small%22%3E%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20This%20will%20be%20processed%20if%20it%20is%20small%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%3C%23break%3E%0A%20%20%3C%23case%20%22medium%22%3E%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20This%20will%20be%20processed%20if%20it%20is%20medium%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%3C%23break%3E%0A%20%20%3C%23case%20%22large%22%3E%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20This%20will%20be%20processed%20if%20it%20is%20large%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%3C%23break%3E%0A%20%20%3C%23default%3E%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20This%20will%20be%20processed%20if%20it%20is%20neither%0A%3C%2F%23switch%3E" quality="high" allowscriptaccess="always" pluginspage="http://www.macromedia.com/go/getflashplayer"></embed>

<#switch being.size>
<#case "small" >
This will be processed if it is small
<#break>
<#case "medium" >
This will be processed if it is medium
<#break>
<#case "large" >
This will be processed if it is large
<#break>
<#default>
This will be processed if it is neither
</#switch>

<#switch being.size>
  <#case "small">
          This will be processed if it is small
          <#break>
  <#case "medium">
          This will be processed if it is medium
          <#break>
  <#case "large">
          This will be processed if it is large
          <#break>
  <#default>
          This will be processed if it is neither
</#switch>

数字

<#switch x>
<#case x = 1 >
1
<#case x = 2 >
2
<#default>
d
</#switch>

<#switch x>
  <#case x = 1>
         1
  <#case x = 2>
         2
  <#default>
         d
</#switch>

如果x=1 输出 1 2, x=2 输出 2, x=3 输出d

list, break

语法

Freemarker代码 <embed type="application/x-shockwave-flash" width="14" height="15" src="http://jiangsha.iteye.com/javascripts/syntaxhighlighter/clipboard_new.swf" flashvars="clipboard=%3C%23list%20sequence%20as%20item%3E%0A...%0A%3C%23if%20item%20%3D%20%22spring%22%3E%3C%23break%3E%3C%2F%23if%3E%0A...%0A%3C%2F%23list%3E%0A" quality="high" allowscriptaccess="always" pluginspage="http://www.macromedia.com/go/getflashplayer"></embed>

<#list sequence as item>
...
<#if item = "spring" ><#break></#if>
...
</#list>

<#list sequence as item>
...
<#if item = "spring"><#break></#if>
...
</#list>

关键字

item_index:是list当前值的下标

item_has_next:判断list是否还有值

`用例`

Freemarker代码 <embed type="application/x-shockwave-flash" width="14" height="15" src="http://jiangsha.iteye.com/javascripts/syntaxhighlighter/clipboard_new.swf" flashvars="clipboard=%3C%23assign%20seq%20%3D%20%5B%22winter%22%2C%20%22spring%22%2C%20%22summer%22%2C%20%22autumn%22%5D%3E%0A%3C%23list%20seq%20as%20x%3E%0A%20%20%24%7Bx_index%20%2B%201%7D.%20%24%7Bx%7D%3C%23if%20x_has_next%3E%2C%3C%2F%23if%3E%0A%3C%2F%23list%3E" quality="high" allowscriptaccess="always" pluginspage="http://www.macromedia.com/go/getflashplayer"></embed>

<#assign seq = [ "winter" , "spring" , "summer" , "autumn" ]>
<#list seq as x>
${x_index + 1 }. ${x}<#if x_has_next>,</#if>
</#list>

<#assign seq = ["winter", "spring", "summer", "autumn"]>
<#list seq as x>
  ${x_index + 1}. ${x}<#if x_has_next>,</#if>
</#list>

输出：

1.winter,

2.spring,

3.summer,

4.autumn

include

语法

Freemarker代码 <embed type="application/x-shockwave-flash" width="14" height="15" src="http://jiangsha.iteye.com/javascripts/syntaxhighlighter/clipboard_new.swf" flashvars="clipboard=%3C%23include%20filename%3E%0A" quality="high" allowscriptaccess="always" pluginspage="http://www.macromedia.com/go/getflashplayer"></embed>

<#include filename>

<#include filename>

或则

Java代码 <embed type="application/x-shockwave-flash" width="14" height="15" src="http://jiangsha.iteye.com/javascripts/syntaxhighlighter/clipboard_new.swf" flashvars="clipboard=%3C%23include%20filename%20options%3E" quality="high" allowscriptaccess="always" pluginspage="http://www.macromedia.com/go/getflashplayer"></embed>

<#include filename options>

<#include filename options>

options包含两个属性 encoding="GBK" 编码格式 parse=true 是否作为ftl语法解析,默认是true，false就是以文本方式引入.注意在ftl文件里布尔值都是直接赋值的如parse=true,而不是parse="true"

`用例`

/common/copyright.ftl 包含内容

Ftl代码 <embed type="application/x-shockwave-flash" width="14" height="15" src="http://jiangsha.iteye.com/javascripts/syntaxhighlighter/clipboard_new.swf" flashvars="clipboard=Copyright%202001-2002%20%24%7Bme%7D%0A%0AAll%20rights%20reserved.%20%20" quality="high" allowscriptaccess="always" pluginspage="http://www.macromedia.com/go/getflashplayer"></embed>

Copyright 2001-2002 ${me}

All rights reserved.

模板文件

Java代码 <embed type="application/x-shockwave-flash" width="14" height="15" src="http://jiangsha.iteye.com/javascripts/syntaxhighlighter/clipboard_new.swf" flashvars="clipboard=%3C%23assign%20me%20%3D%20%22Juila%20Smith%22%3E%0A%0ASome%20test%0A%0AYeah%0A___________________________________________________________________________%0A%0A%3Cspan%3E%3Cstrong%3E%3Cspan%3E%3C%23include%20%22%2Fcommon%2Fcopyright.ftl%22%20encoding%3D%22GBK%22%3E%3C%2Fspan%3E%0A%0A%0A%0A%0A%3C%2Fstrong%3E%0A%0A%0A%3C%2Fspan%3E%0A%0A%0A" quality="high" allowscriptaccess="always" pluginspage="http://www.macromedia.com/go/getflashplayer"></embed>

<#assign me = "Juila Smith" >
Some test
Yeah
___________________________________________________________________________
<#include "/common/copyright.ftl" encoding= "GBK" >

<#assign me = "Juila Smith">

Some test

Yeah
___________________________________________________________________________

<#include "/common/copyright.ftl" encoding="GBK">

输出结果:

Some test

Yeah.

Copyright 2001-2002 Juila Smith

All rights reserved.

Import

语法

Freemarker代码 <embed type="application/x-shockwave-flash" width="14" height="15" src="http://jiangsha.iteye.com/javascripts/syntaxhighlighter/clipboard_new.swf" flashvars="clipboard=%3C%23import%20path%20as%20hash%3E" quality="high" allowscriptaccess="always" pluginspage="http://www.macromedia.com/go/getflashplayer"></embed>

<#import path as hash>

<#import path as hash>

类似于java里的import,它导入文件，然后就可以在当前文件里使用被导入文件里的宏组件

`用例`

假设mylib.ftl 里定义了宏copyright 那么我们在其他模板页面里可以这样使用

Freemarker代码 <embed type="application/x-shockwave-flash" width="14" height="15" src="http://jiangsha.iteye.com/javascripts/syntaxhighlighter/clipboard_new.swf" flashvars="clipboard=%3C%23import%20%22%2Flibs%2Fmylib.ftl%22%20as%20my%3E%0A%0A%3C%40my.copyright%20date%3D%221999-2002%22%2F%3E%0A%0A%3C%23--%20%22my%22%E5%9C%A8freemarker%E9%87%8C%E8%A2%AB%E7%A7%B0%E4%BD%9Cnamespace%20--%3E%0A" quality="high" allowscriptaccess="always" pluginspage="http://www.macromedia.com/go/getflashplayer"></embed>

<#import "/libs/mylib.ftl" as my>
<@my.copyright date="1999-2002" />
<#-- "my" 在freemarker里被称作namespace -->

<#import "/libs/mylib.ftl" as my>

<@my.copyright date="1999-2002"/>

<#-- "my"在freemarker里被称作namespace -->

compress

语法

Freemarker代码 <embed type="application/x-shockwave-flash" width="14" height="15" src="http://jiangsha.iteye.com/javascripts/syntaxhighlighter/clipboard_new.swf" flashvars="clipboard=%3C%23compress%3E%0A%20%20...%0A%3C%2F%23compress%3E" quality="high" allowscriptaccess="always" pluginspage="http://www.macromedia.com/go/getflashplayer"></embed>

<#compress>
...
</#compress>

<#compress>
  ...
</#compress>

用来压缩空白空间和空白的行

escape, noescape

语法

Freemarker代码 <embed type="application/x-shockwave-flash" width="14" height="15" src="http://jiangsha.iteye.com/javascripts/syntaxhighlighter/clipboard_new.swf" flashvars="clipboard=%3C%23escape%20identifier%20as%20expression%3E%0A%20%20...%0A%20%20%3C%23noescape%3E...%3C%2F%23noescape%3E%0A%20%20...%0A%3C%2F%23escape%3E" quality="high" allowscriptaccess="always" pluginspage="http://www.macromedia.com/go/getflashplayer"></embed>

<#escape identifier as expression>
...
<#noescape>...</#noescape>
...
</#escape>

<#escape identifier as expression>
  ...
  <#noescape>...</#noescape>
  ...
</#escape>

`用例`

主要使用在相似的字符串变量输出，比如某一个模块的所有字符串输出都必须是html安全的，这个时候就可以使用

该表达式

Freemarker代码 <embed type="application/x-shockwave-flash" width="14" height="15" src="http://jiangsha.iteye.com/javascripts/syntaxhighlighter/clipboard_new.swf" flashvars="clipboard=%3C%23escape%20x%20as%20x%3Fhtml%3E%0A%20%20First%20name%3A%20%24%7BfirstName%7D%0A%20%20%3C%23noescape%3ELast%20name%3A%20%24%7BlastName%7D%3C%2F%23noescape%3E%0A%20%20Maiden%20name%3A%20%24%7BmaidenName%7D%0A%3C%2F%23escape%3E" quality="high" allowscriptaccess="always" pluginspage="http://www.macromedia.com/go/getflashplayer"></embed>

<#escape x as x?html>
First name: ${firstName}
<#noescape>Last name: ${lastName}</#noescape>
Maiden name: ${maidenName}
</#escape>

<#escape x as x?html>
  First name: ${firstName}
  <#noescape>Last name: ${lastName}</#noescape>
  Maiden name: ${maidenName}
</#escape>

相同表达式

Ftl代码 <embed type="application/x-shockwave-flash" width="14" height="15" src="http://jiangsha.iteye.com/javascripts/syntaxhighlighter/clipboard_new.swf" flashvars="clipboard=%20%20First%20name%3A%20%24%7BfirstName%3Fhtml%7D%0A%20%20Last%20name%3A%20%24%7BlastName%20%7D%0A%20%20Maiden%20name%3A%20%24%7BmaidenName%3Fhtml%7D" quality="high" allowscriptaccess="always" pluginspage="http://www.macromedia.com/go/getflashplayer"></embed>

First name: ${firstName?html}
Last name: ${lastName }
Maiden name: ${maidenName?html}

  First name: ${firstName?html}
  Last name: ${lastName }
  Maiden name: ${maidenName?html}

assign

语法

Freemarker代码 <embed type="application/x-shockwave-flash" width="14" height="15" src="http://jiangsha.iteye.com/javascripts/syntaxhighlighter/clipboard_new.swf" flashvars="clipboard=%3C%23assign%20name%3Dvalue%3E%0A%0A%3C%23--%20%E6%88%96%E5%88%99%20--%3E%0A%0A%3C%23assign%20name1%3Dvalue1%20name2%3Dvalue2%20...%20nameN%3DvalueN%3E%0A%0A%3C%23--%20%E6%88%96%E5%88%99%20--%3E%0A%0A%3C%23assign%20same%20as%20above...%20in%20namespacehash%3E%0A%0A%3C%23--%20%E6%88%96%E5%88%99%20--%3E%0A%0A%3C%23assign%20name%3E%0A%20%20capture%20this%0A%3C%2F%23assign%3E%0A%0A%3C%23--%20%E6%88%96%E5%88%99%20--%3E%0A%0A%3C%23assign%20name%20in%20namespacehash%3E%0A%20%20capture%20this%0A%3C%2F%23assign%3E" quality="high" allowscriptaccess="always" pluginspage="http://www.macromedia.com/go/getflashplayer"></embed>

<#assign name=value>
<#-- 或则 -->
<#assign name1=value1 name2=value2 ... nameN=valueN>
<#-- 或则 -->
<#assign same as above... in namespacehash>
<#-- 或则 -->
<#assign name>
capture this
</#assign>
<#-- 或则 -->
<#assign name in namespacehash>
capture this
</#assign>

<#assign name=value>

<#-- 或则 -->

<#assign name1=value1 name2=value2 ... nameN=valueN>

<#-- 或则 -->

<#assign same as above... in namespacehash>

<#-- 或则 -->

<#assign name>
  capture this
</#assign>

<#-- 或则 -->

<#assign name in namespacehash>
  capture this
</#assign>

`用例`

生成变量,并且给变量赋值给seasons赋予序列值

Ftl代码 <embed type="application/x-shockwave-flash" width="14" height="15" src="http://jiangsha.iteye.com/javascripts/syntaxhighlighter/clipboard_new.swf" flashvars="clipboard=%3C%23assign%20seasons%20%3D%20%5B%22winter%22%2C%20%22spring%22%2C%20%22summer%22%2C%20%22autumn%22%5D%3E" quality="high" allowscriptaccess="always" pluginspage="http://www.macromedia.com/go/getflashplayer"></embed>

<#assign seasons = [ "winter" , "spring" , "summer" , "autumn" ]>

<#assign seasons = ["winter", "spring", "summer", "autumn"]>

给变量test加1

Ftl代码 <embed type="application/x-shockwave-flash" width="14" height="15" src="http://jiangsha.iteye.com/javascripts/syntaxhighlighter/clipboard_new.swf" flashvars="clipboard=%3C%23assign%20test%20%3D%20test%20%2B%201%3E" quality="high" allowscriptaccess="always" pluginspage="http://www.macromedia.com/go/getflashplayer"></embed>

<#assign test = test + 1 >

<#assign test = test + 1>

给my namespage 赋予一个变量bgColor,下面可以通过my.bgColor来访问这个变量

Ftl代码 <embed type="application/x-shockwave-flash" width="14" height="15" src="http://jiangsha.iteye.com/javascripts/syntaxhighlighter/clipboard_new.swf" flashvars="clipboard=%3C%23import%20%22%2Fmylib.ftl%22%20as%20my%3E%0A%0A%3C%23assign%20bgColor%3D%22red%22%20in%20my%3E" quality="high" allowscriptaccess="always" pluginspage="http://www.macromedia.com/go/getflashplayer"></embed>

<#import "/mylib.ftl" as my>
<#assign bgColor="red" in my>

<#import "/mylib.ftl" as my>

<#assign bgColor="red" in my>

将一段输出的文本作为变量保存在x里

Ftl代码 <embed type="application/x-shockwave-flash" width="14" height="15" src="http://jiangsha.iteye.com/javascripts/syntaxhighlighter/clipboard_new.swf" flashvars="clipboard=%3C%23assign%20x%3E%0A%20%20%3C%23list%201..3%20as%20n%3E%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%24%7Bn%7D%20%3C%40myMacro%20%2F%3E%0A%20%20%3C%2F%23list%3E%0A%3C%2F%23assign%3E%0A%0ANumber%20of%20words%3A%20%24%7Bx%3Fword_list%3Fsize%7D%0A%0A%24%7Bx%7D%0A%0A%3C%23assign%20x%3EHello%20%24%7Buser%7D!%3C%2F%23assign%3E%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20error%0A%0A%3C%23assign%20x%3D%22%20Hello%20%24%7Buser%7D!%22%3E%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20true" quality="high" allowscriptaccess="always" pluginspage="http://www.macromedia.com/go/getflashplayer"></embed>

<#assign x>
<#list 1 .. 3 as n>
${n} <@myMacro />
</#list>
</#assign>
Number of words: ${x?word_list?size}
${x}
<#assign x>Hello ${user}!</#assign> error
<#assign x=" Hello ${user}!" > true

<#assign x>
  <#list 1..3 as n>
         ${n} <@myMacro />
  </#list>
</#assign>

Number of words: ${x?word_list?size}

${x}

<#assign x>Hello ${user}!</#assign>          error

<#assign x=" Hello ${user}!">         true

同时也支持中文赋值，如：

Ftl代码 <embed type="application/x-shockwave-flash" width="14" height="15" src="http://jiangsha.iteye.com/javascripts/syntaxhighlighter/clipboard_new.swf" flashvars="clipboard=%3C%23assign%20%E8%AF%AD%E6%B3%95%3E%0A%20%20java%0A%3C%2F%23assign%3E%0A%0A%24%7B%E8%AF%AD%E6%B3%95%7D" quality="high" allowscriptaccess="always" pluginspage="http://www.macromedia.com/go/getflashplayer"></embed>

<#assign 语法>
java
</#assign>
${语法}

<#assign 语法>
  java
</#assign>

${语法}

打印输出:

java

global

语法

Freemarker代码 <embed type="application/x-shockwave-flash" width="14" height="15" src="http://jiangsha.iteye.com/javascripts/syntaxhighlighter/clipboard_new.swf" flashvars="clipboard=%3C%23global%20name%3Dvalue%3E%0A%0A%3C%23--%E6%88%96%E5%88%99--%3E%0A%0A%3C%23global%20name1%3Dvalue1%20name2%3Dvalue2%20...%20nameN%3DvalueN%3E%0A%0A%3C%23--%E6%88%96%E5%88%99--%3E%0A%0A%3C%23global%20name%3E%0A%20%20capture%20this%0A%3C%2F%23global%3E" quality="high" allowscriptaccess="always" pluginspage="http://www.macromedia.com/go/getflashplayer"></embed>

<#global name=value>
<#--或则-->
<#global name1=value1 name2=value2 ... nameN=valueN>
<#--或则-->
<#global name>
capture this
</#global>

<#global name=value>

<#--或则-->

<#global name1=value1 name2=value2 ... nameN=valueN>

<#--或则-->

<#global name>
  capture this
</#global>

全局赋值语法，利用这个语法给变量赋值，那么这个变量在所有的namespace [A1] 中是可见的, 如果这个变量被当前的assign 语法覆盖如<#global x=2> <#assign x=1> 在当前页面里x=2 将被隐藏，或者通过${.global.x} 来访问

setting

语法

Freemarker代码 <embed type="application/x-shockwave-flash" width="14" height="15" src="http://jiangsha.iteye.com/javascripts/syntaxhighlighter/clipboard_new.swf" flashvars="clipboard=%3C%23setting%20name%3Dvalue%3E" quality="high" allowscriptaccess="always" pluginspage="http://www.macromedia.com/go/getflashplayer"></embed>

<#setting name=value>

<#setting name=value>

用来设置整个系统的一个环境

locale

number_format

boolean_format

date_format , time_format , datetime_format

time_zone

classic_compatible

`用例`

假如当前是匈牙利的设置，然后修改成美国

Ftl代码 <embed type="application/x-shockwave-flash" width="14" height="15" src="http://jiangsha.iteye.com/javascripts/syntaxhighlighter/clipboard_new.swf" flashvars="clipboard=%24%7B1.2%7D%0A%0A%3C%23setting%20locale%3D%22en_US%22%3E%0A%0A%24%7B1.2%7D%20%20" quality="high" allowscriptaccess="always" pluginspage="http://www.macromedia.com/go/getflashplayer"></embed>

${ 1.2 }
<#setting locale="en_US" >
${1.2 }

${1.2}

<#setting locale="en_US">

${1.2}

输出

1,2

1.2

因为匈牙利是采用", "作为十进制的分隔符，美国是用". "

macro, nested, return

语法

Freemarker代码 <embed type="application/x-shockwave-flash" width="14" height="15" src="http://jiangsha.iteye.com/javascripts/syntaxhighlighter/clipboard_new.swf" flashvars="clipboard=%3C%23macro%20name%20param1%20param2%20...%20paramN%3E%0A%20%20...%0A%20%20%3C%23nested%20loopvar1%2C%20loopvar2%2C%20...%2C%20loopvarN%3E%0A%20%20...%0A%20%20%3C%23return%3E%0A%20%20...%0A%3C%2F%23macro%3E" quality="high" allowscriptaccess="always" pluginspage="http://www.macromedia.com/go/getflashplayer"></embed>

<#macro name param1 param2 ... paramN>
...
<#nested loopvar1, loopvar2, ..., loopvarN>
...
<#return>
...
</#macro>

<#macro name param1 param2 ... paramN>
  ...
  <#nested loopvar1, loopvar2, ..., loopvarN>
  ...
  <#return>
  ...
</#macro>

`用例`

Ftl代码 <embed type="application/x-shockwave-flash" width="14" height="15" src="http://jiangsha.iteye.com/javascripts/syntaxhighlighter/clipboard_new.swf" flashvars="clipboard=%3C%23macro%20test%20foo%20bar%3D%22Bar%22%5BA2%5D%20%20baaz%3D-1%3E%0A%20%20Test%20text%2C%20and%20the%20params%3A%20%24%7Bfoo%7D%2C%20%24%7Bbar%7D%2C%20%24%7Bbaaz%7D%0A%3C%2F%23macro%3E%0A%0A%3C%40test%20foo%3D%22a%22%20bar%3D%22b%22%20baaz%3D5*5-2%2F%3E%0A%0A%3C%40test%20foo%3D%22a%22%20bar%3D%22b%22%2F%3E%0A%0A%3C%40test%20foo%3D%22a%22%20baaz%3D5*5-2%2F%3E%0A%0A%3C%40test%20foo%3D%22a%22%2F%3E%20" quality="high" allowscriptaccess="always" pluginspage="http://www.macromedia.com/go/getflashplayer"></embed>

<#macro test foo bar= "Bar" [A2] baaz=- 1 >
Test text, and the params: ${foo}, ${bar}, ${baaz}
</#macro>
<@test foo="a" bar= "b" baaz= 5 * 5 - 2 />
<@test foo="a" bar= "b" />
<@test foo="a" baaz= 5 * 5 - 2 />
<@test foo="a" />

<#macro test foo bar="Bar"[A2]  baaz=-1>
  Test text, and the params: ${foo}, ${bar}, ${baaz}
</#macro>

<@test foo="a" bar="b" baaz=5*5-2/>

<@test foo="a" bar="b"/>

<@test foo="a" baaz=5*5-2/>

<@test foo="a"/>

输出

Test text, and the params: a, b, 23
Test text, and the params: a, b, -1
Test text, and the params: a, Bar, 23

Test text, and the params: a, Bar, -1

定义循环输出的宏

Ftl代码 <embed type="application/x-shockwave-flash" width="14" height="15" src="http://jiangsha.iteye.com/javascripts/syntaxhighlighter/clipboard_new.swf" flashvars="clipboard=%3C%23macro%20list%20title%20items%3E%0A%24%7Btitle%3Fcap_first%7D%3A%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%3C%23list%20items%20as%20x%3E%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20*%24%7Bx%3Fcap_first%7D%0A%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%3C%2F%23list%3E%0A%3C%2F%23macro%3E%0A%0A%3C%40list%20items%3D%5B%22mouse%22%2C%20%22elephant%22%2C%20%22python%22%5D%20title%3D%22Animals%22%2F%3E" quality="high" allowscriptaccess="always" pluginspage="http://www.macromedia.com/go/getflashplayer"></embed>

<#macro list title items>
${title?cap_first}:
<#list items as x>
*${x?cap_first}
</#list>
</#macro>
<@list items=["mouse" , "elephant" , "python" ] title= "Animals" />

<#macro list title items>
${title?cap_first}:
        <#list items as x>
           *${x?cap_first}

         </#list>
</#macro>

<@list items=["mouse", "elephant", "python"] title="Animals"/>

输出结果:
Animals:
*Mouse
*Elephant
*Python

包含body 的宏

Ftl代码 <embed type="application/x-shockwave-flash" width="14" height="15" src="http://jiangsha.iteye.com/javascripts/syntaxhighlighter/clipboard_new.swf" flashvars="clipboard=%3C%23macro%20repeat%20count%3E%0A%20%20%3C%23list%201..count%20as%20x%3E%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%3C%23nested%20x%2C%20x%2F2%2C%20x%3D%3Dcount%3E%0A%20%20%3C%2F%23list%3E%0A%3C%2F%23macro%3E%0A%0A%3C%40repeat%20count%3D4%20%3B%20c%20halfc%20last%3E%0A%20%20%24%7Bc%7D.%20%24%7Bhalfc%7D%3C%23if%20last%3E%20Last!%3C%2F%23if%3E%0A%3C%2F%40repeat%3E%20" quality="high" allowscriptaccess="always" pluginspage="http://www.macromedia.com/go/getflashplayer"></embed>

<#macro repeat count>
<#list 1 ..count as x>
<#nested x, x/2 , x==count>
</#list>
</#macro>
<@repeat count=4 ; c halfc last>
${c}. ${halfc}<#if last> Last!</#if>
</@repeat>

<#macro repeat count>
  <#list 1..count as x>
         <#nested x, x/2, x==count>
  </#list>
</#macro>

<@repeat count=4 ; c halfc last>
  ${c}. ${halfc}<#if last> Last!</#if>
</@repeat>

输出

1. 0.5
2. 1
3. 1.5

4. 2 Last!

t, lt, rt

语法

Freemarkder代码 <embed type="application/x-shockwave-flash" width="14" height="15" src="http://jiangsha.iteye.com/javascripts/syntaxhighlighter/clipboard_new.swf" flashvars="clipboard=%3C%23t%3E%20%E5%8E%BB%E6%8E%89%E5%B7%A6%E5%8F%B3%E7%A9%BA%E7%99%BD%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%9E%E8%BD%A6%E6%8D%A2%E8%A1%8C%0A%0A%3C%23lt%3E%E5%8E%BB%E6%8E%89%E5%B7%A6%E8%BE%B9%E7%A9%BA%E7%99%BD%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%9E%E8%BD%A6%E6%8D%A2%E8%A1%8C%0A%0A%3C%23rt%3E%E5%8E%BB%E6%8E%89%E5%8F%B3%E8%BE%B9%E7%A9%BA%E7%99%BD%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%9E%E8%BD%A6%E6%8D%A2%E8%A1%8C%0A%0A%3C%23nt%3E%E5%8F%96%E6%B6%88%E4%B8%8A%E9%9D%A2%E7%9A%84%E6%95%88%E6%9E%9C" quality="high" allowscriptaccess="always" pluginspage="http://www.macromedia.com/go/getflashplayer"></embed>

<#t> 去掉左右空白和回车换行
<#lt>去掉左边空白和回车换行
<#rt>去掉右边空白和回车换行
<#nt>取消上面的效果

<#t> 去掉左右空白和回车换行

<#lt>去掉左边空白和回车换行

<#rt>去掉右边空白和回车换行

<#nt>取消上面的效果

C 一些常用方法或注意事项

表达式转换类

${expression} 计算expression 并输出

#{ expression } 数字计算#{ expression ;format} 安格式输出数字format 为M 和m

M 表示小数点后最多的位数,m 表示小数点后最少的位数如#{121.2322;m2M2} 输出121.23

数字循环

1..5 表示从1 到5 ，原型number..number

对浮点取整数

${123.23?int} 输出 123

给变量默认值

${var?default("hello world")?html} 如果var is null 那么将会被hello world 替代

判断对象是不是 null

Ftl代码 <embed type="application/x-shockwave-flash" width="14" height="15" src="http://jiangsha.iteye.com/javascripts/syntaxhighlighter/clipboard_new.swf" flashvars="clipboard=%3C%23if%20mouse%3Fexists%3E%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20Mouse%20found%0A%3C%23else%3E" quality="high" allowscriptaccess="always" pluginspage="http://www.macromedia.com/go/getflashplayer"></embed>

<#if mouse?exists>
Mouse found
<#else>

<#if mouse?exists>
      Mouse found
<#else>

也可以直接${mouse?if_exists})输出布尔形

－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－

（1）解决输出中文乱码问题：

freemarker乱码的原因：

没有使用正确的编码格式读取模版文件,表现为模版中的中文为乱码

解决方法：在classpath上放置一个文件freemarker.properties，在里面写上模版文件的编码方式，比如

default_encoding=UTF-8
locale=zh_CN

注意：eclipse中除了xml文件、java文件外，默认的文件格式iso8859-1

数据插入模版时，没有使用正确的编码，表现出模版中的新插入数据为乱码

解决方法：在result的配置中，指定charset，s2的FreemarkerResult.java会将charset传递freemarker

<action name="ListPersons" class="ListPersons">

<result type="freemarker">

<param name="location">/pages/Person/view.ftl</param>

<param name="contentType"> text/html;charset=UTF-8

</param>

</result>

</action>

（2）提高freemarker的性能

在freemarker.properties中设置：

template_update_delay=60000

避免每次请求都重新载入模版，即充分利用cached的模版

（3）尽量使用freemarker本身的提供的tag，使用S2 tags 的标签会在性能上有所损失

（4）freemarker的标签种类：

${..}:FreeMarker will replace it in the output with the actual value of the thing in the curly brackets. They are called interpolation s.
# ,代表是FTL tags（FreeMarker Template Language tags） ，hey are instructions to FreeMarker and will not be printed to the output
- <#if ...></#if>
- <#list totalList as elementObject>...</#list>
@ ,代表用户自定义的标签
<#-- --> 注释标签，注意不是

（5）一些特殊的指令：

r代表原样输出：${r"C:\foo\bar"}
<#list ["winter", "spring", "summer", "autumn"] as x>${x}</#list>
？引出内置指令
- String处理指令：
 - html:特殊的html字符将会被转义，比如"<"，处理后的结果是<
 - cap_first 、lower_case 、upper_case
 - trim :除去字符串前后的空格
- sequences处理指令
 - size ：返回sequences的大小
- numbers处理指令
 - int:number的整数部分，(e.g. -1.9?int is -1)

（6）对于null，或者miss value，freemarker会报错

?exists:旧版本的用法
!：default value operator，语法结构为： unsafe_expr !default_expr，比如 ${mouse!"No mouse."} 当mouse不存在时，返回default value；
- (product.color)!"red" 这种方式，能够处理product或者color为miss value的情况；
- 而product.color!"red"将只处理color为miss value的情况
??: Missing value test operator ,测试是否为missing value
- unsafe_expr ?? ：product.color??将只测试color是否为null
- (unsafe_expr )??：(product.color)??将测试product和color是否存在null

Ftl代码 <embed type="application/x-shockwave-flash" width="14" height="15" src="http://jiangsha.iteye.com/javascripts/syntaxhighlighter/clipboard_new.swf" flashvars="clipboard=%3C%23if%20mouse%3F%3F%3E%0A%20%20Mouse%20found%0A%3C%23else%3E%0A%20%20No%20mouse%20found%0A%3C%2F%23if%3E%0ACreating%20mouse...%0A%3C%23assign%20mouse%20%3D%20%22Jerry%22%3E%0A%3C%23if%20mouse%3F%3F%3E%0A%20%20Mouse%20found%0A%0A%3C%23else%3E%0A%20%20No%20mouse%20found%0A%3C%2F%23if%3E" quality="high" allowscriptaccess="always" pluginspage="http://www.macromedia.com/go/getflashplayer"></embed>

<#if mouse??>
Mouse found
<#else>
No mouse found
</#if>
Creating mouse...
<#assign mouse = "Jerry" >
<#if mouse??>
Mouse found
<#else>
No mouse found
</#if>

<#if mouse??>
  Mouse found
<#else>
  No mouse found
</#if>
Creating mouse...
<#assign mouse = "Jerry">
<#if mouse??>
  Mouse found

<#else>
  No mouse found
</#if>

（7）模版值插入方式 （interpolation）

通用方式 （ Universal interpolations）： ${expression }

对于字符串：只是简单输出
对于数值，会自动根据local确定格式，称为human audience，否则称为computer audience，可以"?c", 比如， <a href="/shop/details?id=${product.id ?c }">Details...</a>,因此这里的id是给浏览器使用的，不需要进行格式化，注意?c只对数值有效
对于日期，会使用默认的日期格式转换，因此需要事先设置好默认的转换格式，包括date_format , time_format ，atetime_format
对于布尔值，不能输出，会报错并停止模版的执行，比如${a = 2} 会出错，但是可以 string built-in来进行转换

数值处理，具体参考：Built-ins for numbers

http://freemarker.org/docs/ref_builtins_number.html#ref_builtin_string_for_number

数值处理的例子：

<#setting number_format="currency"/>
<#assign answer=42/>
${answer}
${answer?string} <#-- the same as ${answer} -->
${answer?string.number}
${answer?string.currency}
${answer?string.percent}

除了使用内置的formate，可以使用任何用Java decimal number format syntax 书写的formate，比如

<#setting number_format="0.###E0"/>

<#setting number_format="0"/>

<#setting number_format="#"/>
${1234}
${12345?string("0.####E0")}

更加方便的格式：

<#setting locale="en_US">
US people writes: ${12345678?string(",##0.00")}

<#setting locale="hu">
Hungarian people writes: ${12345678?string(",##0.00")}

日期处理，参考Built-ins for dates

http://freemarker.org/docs/ref_builtins_date.html#ref_builtin_string_for_date

日期处理的例子：

${openingTime?string.short}
${openingTime?string.medium}
${openingTime?string.long}
${openingTime?string.full}

${nextDiscountDay?string.short}
${nextDiscountDay?string.medium}
${nextDiscountDay?string.long}
${nextDiscountDay?string.full}

${lastUpdated?string.short}
${lastUpdated?string.medium}
${lastUpdated?string.long}
${lastUpdated?string.full}

注意：

由于java语言中的Date类型的不足，freemarker不能根据Date变量判断出变量包含的部分（日期、时间还是全部），在这种情况下，freemarker

不能正确显示出${lastUpdated?string.short} 或者 simply ${lastUpdated}，因此，可以通过?date, ?time and ?datetime built-ins

来帮助freemarker来进行判断，比如${lastUpdated?datetime?string.short}

除了使用内置的日期转换格式外，可以自己指定日期的格式，使用的是Java date format syntax，比如：

${lastUpdated?string("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss zzzz")}
${lastUpdated?string("EEE, MMM d, ''yy")}
${lastUpdated?string("EEEE, MMMM dd, yyyy, hh:mm:ss a '('zzz')'")}

数值专用方式 （ Numerical interpolations）：#{expression } or #{expression ; format }，这是数值专用的输出方式，但是 最好使用通用方式的string built-in或者number_format 来完成转换，Numerical interpolations方式将会被停用

（8）创建自定义模版

Ftl代码 <embed type="application/x-shockwave-flash" width="14" height="15" src="http://jiangsha.iteye.com/javascripts/syntaxhighlighter/clipboard_new.swf" flashvars="clipboard=%3C%23macro%20greet%3E%20%20%20%20%20%20%0A%20%20%20%20%20%3Cfont%20size%3D%22%2B2%22%3EHello%20Joe!%3C%2Ffont%3E%0A%3C%2F%23macro%3E%0A" quality="high" allowscriptaccess="always" pluginspage="http://www.macromedia.com/go/getflashplayer"></embed>

<#macro greet>
Hello Joe!
</#macro>