函数指针数组
1.数组的概念
数组是一个存放相同类型数据的存储空间,那我们已经学习了指针数组,
比如:
int *arr[10];
//数组的每个元素是int*
2.函数指针数组
int Add(int x, int y)
{
return x + y;
}
int Sub(int x, int y)
{
return x - y;
}
int Mul(int x, int y)
{
return x * y;
}
int Div(int x, int y)
{
return x / y;
}
//函数指针数组
int main()
{
//指针数组
//字符指针数组
char* arr[5];
//整型指针数组
int* arr2[4];
//函数指针存放函数的地址:
int (*pf1)(int, int) = Add;
int (*pf2)(int, int) = Sub;
int (*pf3)(int, int) = Mul;
int (*pf4)(int, int) = Div;
//函数指针数组
int (*pf[4])(int, int) = { Add,Sub,Mul,Div };//pf[4]是函数指针数组
int i = 0;
for (i = 0; i < 4; i++)
{
int ret = pf[i](8, 2);
printf("%d\n", ret);
}
return 0;
}
打印结果:
3.函数指针数组的使用
实现一个计算器的普通做法:
int Add(int x, int y)
{
return x + y;
}
int Sub(int x, int y)
{
return x - y;
}
int Mul(int x, int y)
{
return x * y;
}
int Div(int x, int y)
{
return x / y;
}
void menu()
{
printf("#########################\n");
printf("##### 1.add 2.sub #####\n");
printf("##### 3.mul 4.div #####\n");
printf("##### 0.exit #####\n");
printf("#########################\n");
}
int main()
{
int input = 0;
int x = 0;
int y = 0;
int ret = 0;
do
{
menu();
printf("请选择:>");
scanf("%d", &input);
switch (input)
{
case 1:
printf("请输入两个操作数:>");
scanf("%d%d", &x, &y);
ret = Add(x,y);
printf("ret = %d\n", ret);
break;
case 2:
printf("请输入两个操作数:>");
scanf("%d%d", &x, &y);
ret = Sub(x, y);
printf("ret = %d\n", ret);
break;
case 3:
printf("请输入两个操作数:>");
scanf("%d%d", &x, &y);
ret = Mul(x, y);
printf("ret = %d\n", ret);
break;
case 4:
printf("请输入两个操作数:>");
scanf("%d%d", &x, &y);
ret = Div(x, y);
printf("ret = %d\n", ret);
break;
case 0:
printf("退出计算器\n");
break;
default:
printf("选择错误\n");
break;
}
printf("ret = %d\n", ret);
} while (input);
return 0;
}
普通做法容易造成代码冗余,代码不健壮
用函数指针数组实现一个计算器:
int Add(int x, int y)
{
return x + y;
}
int Sub(int x, int y)
{
return x - y;
}
int Mul(int x, int y)
{
return x * y;
}
int Div(int x, int y)
{
return x / y;
}
void menu()
{
printf("#########################\n");
printf("##### 1.add 2.sub #####\n");
printf("##### 3.mul 4.div #####\n");
printf("##### 0.exit #####\n");
printf("#########################\n");
}
int main()
{
int input = 0;
int x = 0;
int y = 0;
int ret = 0;
//转移表
int (*pfArr[5])(int, int) = { 0,Add,Sub,Mul,Div };//加0是为了将Add的地址变为1,以后元素的地址均后移
do
{
menu();
printf("请选择:>");
scanf("%d", &input);
if (input == 0)
{
printf("退出计算器\n");
}
else if (input >= 1 && input <= 4)
{
printf("请输入2个操作数:>");
scanf("%d%d", &x, &y);
ret = pfArr[input](x, y);
printf("ret=%d\n", ret);
}
else
{
printf("选择错误\n");
}
} while (input);
return 0;
}