与虚拟机相比,Docker是轻量级的容器。
- 镜像,文件存储系统,存储Docker所运行服务的全部文件
- 容器,镜像文件加载到系统后以容器的形式存在
- 命令,docker的所有命令都是对容器和镜像的管理
镜像
1.1. 镜像的作用,文件存储
1.2. 镜像的创建,使用docker create命令
1.3. 镜像的存储,镜像可以存储在本地或远程的Respository
1.4. 镜像的使用,使用docker run命令需要指定一个镜像名称, docker会自动检测本地-远程相同名字的镜像
容器
2.1. 容器的作用,实现资源隔离的服务
2.2. 容器的创建,使用docker run命令,之后会创建一个容器
2.3. 容器的使用,使用docker exec命令, 进入容器进行操作
命令集
- attach Attach to a running container
- build Build an image from a Dockerfile
- commit Create a new image from a container’s changes
- cp Copy files/folders from a container to a HOSTDIR or to STDOUT
- create Create a new container
- diff Inspect changes on a container’s filesystem
- events Get real time events from the server
- exec Run a command in a running container
- export Export a container’s filesystem as a tar archive
- history Show the history of an image
- images List images
- import Import the contents from a tarball to create a filesystem image
- info Display system-wide information
- inspect Return low-level information on a container or image
- kill Kill a running container
- load Load an image from a tar archive or STDIN
- login Register or log in to a Docker registry
- logout Log out from a Docker registry
- logs Fetch the logs of a container
- pause Pause all processes within a container
- port List port mappings or a specific mapping for the CONTAINER
- ps List containers
- pull Pull an image or a repository from a registry
- push Push an image or a repository to a registry
- rename Rename a container
- restart Restart a running container
- rm Remove one or more containers
- rmi Remove one or more images
- run Run a command in a new container
- save Save an image(s) to a tar archive
- search Search the Docker Hub for images
- start Start one or more stopped containers
- stats Display a live stream of container(s) resource usage statistics
- stop Stop a running container
- tag Tag an image into a repository
- top Display the running processes of a container
- unpause Unpause all processes within a container
- version Show the Docker version information
- wait Block until a container stops, then print its exit code