1.rank()分析函数
语法:
RANK() OVER([PARTITION BY expr1[,expr2,..,exprn]] ORDER BY expr1[,expr2,..,exprn])
功能: 先将记录按PARTITION分组,组内再以ORDER BY排序,算出当前记录在组内所处的级别(名次). PRATITION条件省略时,表明不分组,或将全录记录作为一组
例子: 有表如下:
SQL> select * from test; NAME SUBJECT SCORE 已选择9行。 |
执行语句如下:
SQL> break on name skip 1; NAME SUBJECT SCORE SCORE_RANK bb english 96 1 cc art 78 1 已选择9行。 |
SQL> select * from (select name ,subject,score ,rank() over ( partition by subject order by score desc) score_rank from test) where score_rank<=3; NAME SUBJECT SCORE SCORE_RANK aa chinese 90 1 bb english 96 1 已选择9行。 |
2.dense_rank函数
DENSE_RANK分析函数
语法:DENSE_RANK() OVER([PARTITION BY expr1[,expr2,..,exprn]] ORDER BY expr1[,expr2,..,exprn])
已创建 1 行。 SQL> insert into test values('dd','art',78); 已创建 1 行。 SQL> insert into test values('dd','english',96); 已创建 1 行。 SQL> select * from (select name ,subject,score,dense_rank() over ( partition by subject order by score desc) score_rank from test) where score_rank<=3;
已选择9行。 |
SQL> select * from (select name ,subject,score ,dense_rank() over ( partition by name order by score desc) score_rank from test) where score_rank<=3; NAME SUBJECT SCORE SCORE_RANK 已选择12行。 |
SQL> select * from (select name ,subject,score,rank() over ( partition by name order by score desc) NAME SUBJECT SCORE SCORE_RANK 已选择12行。 SQL> select * from (select name ,subject,score,rank() over ( partition by subject order by score desc) score_rank from test) where score_rank<=3; NAME SUBJECT SCORE SCORE_RANK 已选择9行。 |
3.ROW_NUMBER() OVER函数的基本用法
语法:ROW_NUMBER() OVER(PARTITION BY COLUMN ORDER BY COLUMN)
简单的说row_number()从1开始,为每一条分组记录返回一个数字,这里的ROW_NUMBER() OVER (ORDER BY xlh DESC) 是先把xlh列降序,再为降序以后的没条xlh记录返回一个序号。
示例:
xlh row_num
1700 1
1500 2
1085 3
710 4
row_number() OVER (PARTITION BY COL1 ORDER BY COL2) 表示根据COL1分组,在分组内部根据 COL2排序,而此函数计算的值就表示每组内部排序后的顺序编号(组内连续的唯一的)
实例:
初始化数据
create table employee (empid int ,deptid int ,salary decimal(10,2))
insert into employee values(1,10,5500.00)
insert into employee values(2,10,4500.00)
insert into employee values(3,20,1900.00)
insert into employee values(4,20,4800.00)
insert into employee values(5,40,6500.00)
insert into employee values(6,40,14500.00)
insert into employee values(7,40,44500.00)
insert into employee values(8,50,6500.00)
insert into employee values(9,50,7500.00)
数据显示为
empid deptid salary
----------- ----------- ---------------------------------------
1 10 5500.00
2 10 4500.00
3 20 1900.00
4 20 4800.00
5 40 6500.00
6 40 14500.00
7 40 44500.00
8 50 6500.00
9 50 7500.00
需求:根据部门分组,显示每个部门的工资等级
预期结果:
empid deptid salary rank
----------- ----------- --------------------------------------- --------------------
1 10 5500.00 1
2 10 4500.00 2
4 20 4800.00 1
3 20 1900.00 2
7 40 44500.00 1
6 40 14500.00 2
5 40 6500.00 3
9 50 7500.00 1
8 50 6500.00 2
SQL脚本:
SELECT *, Row_Number() OVER (partition by deptid ORDER BY salary desc) rank FROM employee