c程序解析ini配置文件

c程序解析ini配置文件

很多程序都有配置文件，配置文件有很多种类型，以下实现ini配置文件中的参数读取功能。

1、ini配置文件

配置文件名称为test.ini，内容如下：

[bmpinfo]
width=1920
height=1080
bit=3
blue=0
green=0
red=255
[bmpinfo_end]

2、c程序代码

主要函数是get_string_from_ini和GetIniKeyString两个。功能是获取ini配置文件中的字符串。如果是整形的配置文件，可以通过atoi转换。

/*******************************************************
* file:testIni.c
* date:2021-05-17
* version:1.0.0.1
* author:jack8126
* description: read para from ini file
*******************************************************/


#include <stdio.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <stdarg.h>

const int MAX_KEY_LENGTH = 1024;

//read string from config file
char *get_string_from_ini(char *title, char *key, char *filename)
{
	FILE *fp = NULL;
	char szLine[1024] = {0};
	static char tmpstr[1024] = {0};
	int rtnval = 0;
	int i = 0;
	int flag = 0;
	char *tmp = NULL;

	if((fp = fopen(filename, "r")) == NULL)
	{
		perror("fopen()");
		return NULL;
	}

	while(!feof(fp))
	{
		rtnval = fgetc(fp);
		if(rtnval == EOF)
		{
			break;
		}
		else
		{
			szLine[i++] = rtnval;
		}
	

		if(rtnval == '\n')
		{
			szLine[--i] = '\n';
			i = 0;
			tmp = strchr(szLine, '=');

			if((tmp != NULL) && (flag == 1))
			{
				if(strstr(szLine, key) != NULL)
				{
					//comment
					if('#' == szLine[0]);
					else if('/' == szLine[0] && '/' == szLine[1]);
					else
					{
						memset(tmpstr, 0 ,1024);
						//local key position
						strcpy(tmpstr, tmp+1);
						fclose(fp);
						//printf("tmpstr=%s\r\n",tmpstr);
						return tmpstr;
					}
				}
			}
			else
			{
				strcpy(tmpstr, "[");
				strcat(tmpstr, title);
				strcat(tmpstr, "]");

				if(strncmp(tmpstr, szLine, strlen(tmpstr)) == 0)
				{
					//encounter title
					flag = 1;
				}
			}
		}
	}

	fclose(fp);
	return "";
}

char *GetIniKeyString(char *title, char *key, char *filename)
{
	FILE *fp;
	int  flag = 0;
	char sTitle[32], *wTmp;
	static char sLine[1024];

	sprintf(sTitle, "[%s]", title);
	if (NULL == (fp = fopen(filename, "r"))) 
	{
		perror("fopen");
		return NULL;
	}

	while (NULL != fgets(sLine, MAX_KEY_LENGTH, fp))
	{
		/// 这是注释行  ///
		if (0 == strncmp("//", sLine, 2)) continue;
		if ('#' == sLine[0])              continue;

		wTmp = strchr(sLine, '=');
		if ((NULL != wTmp) && (1 == flag)) 
		{
			if (0 == strncmp(key, sLine, wTmp - sLine))  /// 长度依文件读取的为准  ///
			{
				sLine[strlen(sLine) - 1] = '\0';
				fclose(fp);
				return wTmp + 1;
			}
		}
		else 
		{
			if (0 == strncmp(sTitle, sLine, strlen(sLine) - 1))  /// 长度依文件读取的为准  ///
			{
				flag = 1; /// 找到标题位置  ///
			}
		}
	}
	fclose(fp);
	return NULL;
}


int get_int_from_ini(char *title, char *key, char *filename)
{
	return atoi(get_string_from_ini(title, key, filename));
}

int GetIntFromIni(char *title, char *key, char *filename)
{
	return atoi(GetIniKeyString(title, key, filename));
}


int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
	char name[1024];
	int width 	= 0;
	int height	= 0;
	int bit 	= 0;
	int blue 	= 0;
	int green 	= 0;
	int red		= 0;

	memset(name, 0, sizeof(name));
	if(argc < 2)
	{
		printf("please input like this:\r\n");
		printf("./testIni.bin bmptest.ini \r\n");
		printf("bmptest.ini --------------- ini cfg file \r\n");
		return -1;
	}
	
	width 	= get_int_from_ini("bmpinfo", "width", 	argv[1]);
	height 	= get_int_from_ini("bmpinfo", "height", argv[1]);
	bit 	= get_int_from_ini("bmpinfo", "bit", 	argv[1]);
	blue 	= get_int_from_ini("bmpinfo", "blue", 	argv[1]);
	green 	= get_int_from_ini("bmpinfo", "green", 	argv[1]);
	red 	= GetIntFromIni("bmpinfo", "red", 	argv[1]);

	//puts(name);

	printf("width 	= %d\n", width);
	printf("height 	= %d\n", height);
	printf("bit 	= %d\n", bit);
	printf("blue 	= %d\n", blue);
	printf("green 	= %d\n", green);
	printf("red 	= %d\n", red);
}

3、编译程序

执行编译命令

gcc testIni.c -o testIni.bin

编译后产生了testIni.bin文件

4、执行程序

执行程序命令

./testIni.bin test.ini

执行后，可以打印出来ini文件中的参数

将这个test.ini修改为test.cfg、test、test.conf等后缀的配置文件，也是可以读取其中的参数的。

参考资料：

https://blog.csdn.net/elikang/article/details/85326597

https://blog.csdn.net/fm0517/article/details/88884771