数据表的创建
DEMO:创建一张保存老师信息的表
DROP TABLE teacher PURGE;
CREATE TABLE teacher(
tno NUMBER(4),
tname VARCHAR2(10),
tage NUMBER(3),
tdate DATE);
INSERT INTO teacher VALUES (1001,'x老师',100,SYSDATE);
INSERT INTO teacher VALUES (1002,'y老师',100,SYSDATE);
INSERT INTO teacher VALUES (1003,'z老师',100,SYSDATE);
DEMO:观察代码
DROP TABLE teacher PURGE;
CREATE TABLE teacher (
tno NUMBER(4),
tname VARCHAR2(10),
tage NUMBER(3),
tdate DATE
);
INSERT INTO teacher VALUES (1001,'x老师',100,SYSDATE);
INSERT INTO teacher VALUES (1002,'y老师',100,SYSDATE);
INSERT INTO teacher VALUES (1003,'z老师',100,SYSDATE);
INSERT INTO teacher (tname,tage,tdate) VALUES ('z老师',100,SYSDATE);
运行结果如下:
数据表必须有一个字段表示主键作为数据的唯一标识,这种字段中的数据不应该为null,
此时在创建数据表的时候可以指定该字段不能为null(给该字段做一个约束)
DEMO:指定字段不能为空
DROP TABLE teacher PURGE;
CREATE TABLE teacher (
tno NUMBER(4) NOT NULL,
tname VARCHAR2(10),
tage NUMBER(3),
tdate DATE
);
INSERT INTO teacher VALUES (1001,'x老师',100,SYSDATE);
INSERT INTO teacher VALUES (1002,'y老师',100,SYSDATE);
INSERT INTO teacher VALUES (1003,'z老师',100,SYSDATE);
INSERT INTO teacher (tname,tage,tdate) VALUES ('z老师',100,SYSDATE);
运行结果如下:
使用以上的方式就控制了插入数据表中的数据的tno一定不能为null,对tno字段的数据进行了约束,这种约束操作叫作非空约束。
DEMO:继续观察代码
DROP TABLE teacher PURGE;
CREATE TABLE teacher (
tno NUMBER(4) NOT NULL,
tname VARCHAR2(10),
tage NUMBER(3),
tdate DATE
);
INSERT INTO teacher VALUES (1001,'x老师',100,SYSDATE);
INSERT INTO teacher VALUES (1002,'y老师',100,SYSDATE);
INSERT INTO teacher VALUES (1003,'z老师',100,SYSDATE);
INSERT INTO teacher VALUES (1004,'w老师',100