超详细网络编程TCP通信显示时间实例

本实例详细注释网络编程TCP通信过程；

实例功能 客服器运行client.c程序，服务器返回时间。

实例运行过程：1 编译并运行sever.c程序；2 编译并运行client.c程序，如：./client 192.168.126.22,其中192.168.126.22为sever.c运行主机IP；3 client.c 显示时间，并关闭。

 sever.c

#include<stdio.h>  //perror
#include<sys/socket.h>
#include<string.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#include<unistd.h>  
#include<arpa/inet.h> //htons
#include<fcntl.h>
#include<netinet/in.h>
#include<sys/ioctl.h>
#include<time.h>

char buf[255];
int main()
{
	//1 创建套接字
	int socketfd;
	int newfd;
	socketfd = socket(AF_INET,SOCK_STREAM,0);
	if(socketfd == -1)
	{
		perror("socket error");
		return -1;
	}
	
	// 设置端口可以重复绑定  sockfd为需要端口复用的套接字
	int opt = 1;
	setsockopt(socketfd, SOL_SOCKET,SO_REUSEADDR,(const void *)&opt,sizeof(opt));
	
	
	//2 绑定套接字
	socklen_t addrlen = 0;
	struct sockaddr_in local_addr; //地址结构体
	bzero(&local_addr,sizeof(local_addr)); //清空local_addr
	
	addrlen = sizeof(local_addr);
	local_addr.sin_family = AF_INET; //地址族IPV4
	local_addr.sin_port = htons(8888); //端口
	local_addr.sin_addr.s_addr = htonl(INADDR_ANY); //IPV4 绑定所有IP
	
	
	if(bind(socketfd,(struct sockaddr*)&local_addr,addrlen) == -1)
	{
		perror("bind error");
		return -1;
	}
	
	//3 设置同时最大链接数
	if(listen(socketfd,5) == -1)
	{
		perror("listen error");
		return -1;
	}
	
	//4 等待连接
	socklen_t len = 0;
	struct sockaddr_in client_addr; //地址结构体
	bzero(&client_addr,sizeof(client_addr));
	len = sizeof(client_addr);
	while(1)
	{
		newfd = accept(socketfd,(struct sockaddr*)&client_addr,&len);  //连接
		if(newfd < 0)
		{
			perror("accept error.");
			return -1;
		}
		/*显示客服端信息*/
		
		char buff[255] = {0};
		const char *p = inet_ntop(AF_INET, &client_addr.sin_addr, buff, len);
		
		//printf("p=%s\n", p);
		printf("clientIP=%s\n", buff);
		printf("port=%d\n", ntohs(client_addr.sin_port));
		
		
		//时间
		time_t timep;
		time(&timep);
		snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%s", ctime(&timep));
		printf("%s ",buf);
		
		write(newfd,buf,strlen(buf)); //写入时间
	}
	
}

2 client.c

#include<stdio.h>
#include<sys/socket.h>
#include<string.h>
#include<netinet/in.h>
#include<unistd.h> 
#include<arpa/inet.h> 

char buf[255];
int main(int argc,char** argv)
{
	if (argc != 2)   
    {  
        printf("argv format errno,ap:./timeclient 192.168.1.1\n");  
		return -1;
    }  
	
	//1 创建套接字
	int socketfd;
	socketfd = socket(AF_INET,SOCK_STREAM,0);
	if(socketfd == -1)
	{
		perror("socket error");
		return -1;
	}
	
	// 设置端口可以重复绑定  sockfd为需要端口复用的套接字
	int opt = 1;
	setsockopt(socketfd, SOL_SOCKET,SO_REUSEADDR,(const void *)&opt,sizeof(opt));
	
	
	//2 连接
	struct sockaddr_in saddr; //地址结构体
	socklen_t len;
	len = sizeof(saddr);
	bzero(&saddr,sizeof(saddr));
	saddr.sin_family = AF_INET;
	saddr.sin_port = htons(8888);
	saddr.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr(argv[1]);  //外部传参
	
	int ret = connect(socketfd,(struct sockaddr *)&saddr,len);
	
	
	if(ret ==0) //成功
	{
		printf("connect sucess\n");
		read(socketfd,buf,sizeof(buf)); //读出数据
		printf("time = %s",buf);
	}
	else if(ret == -1)
	{
		printf("failed to connect\n");
		return -1;
	}
	
	//3 关闭
	close(socketfd);
}

3.运行

1.编译并运行sever程序

2.编译并运行client程序

注 192.168.116.129 为sever.c的IP

运行结果

sever端

client端