NHibernate Step by Step(二) 单表操作

http://www.cnblogs.com/abluedog/archive/2006/04/15/375940.html

 

NHibernate Step by Step( 二 ) 单表操作

接着第一期，我们继续。

为了方便学习测试，从今天开始我将使用 MS Test 来进行测试，这样就避免了在一个 Console 工程里不停地添加、注释代码了。

 

提示：为了在 VS2005IDE 中获得 NHibernate 配置文件的代码提示，请将你的 $NHibernate/src/NHibernate 下的 nhibernate-configuration-2.0.xsd 、 nhibernate-mapping-2.0.xsd 拷贝到 /Program Files/Microsoft Visual Studio 8/Xml/Schemas 下，这样当你编辑配置文件或者映射文件时，你将得到完整的代码提示。
VS2003请拷贝到/Program Files/Microsoft Visual Studio .NET 2003/Common7/Packages/schemas/xml下。
 

NHibernat 内部使用 log4net 来进行日志操作，今天我们将在配置文件中添加 log4net 的配置，这样我们在测试的时候将可以清楚地看到 NHibernate 是如何进行工作的。

应用配置文件修改如下：

<? xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"  ?>
< configuration >
   < configSections >
     < section  name ="nhibernate"  type ="System.Configuration.NameValueSectionHandler, System,Version=1.0.5000.0,Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b77a5c561934e089"   />
     < section  name ="log4net"  type ="log4net.Config.Log4NetConfigurationSectionHandler,log4net"   />
   </ configSections >

   < nhibernate >
     < add  key ="hibernate.connection.provider"  value ="NHibernate.Connection.DriverConnectionProvider"   />
     < add  key ="hibernate.connection.driver_class"  value ="NHibernate.Driver.SqlClientDriver"   />
     < add  key ="hibernate.connection.connection_string"  value ="Server=localhost;Initial Catalog=NHibernate;Integrated Security=SSPI"   />
     < add  key ="hibernate.connection.isolation"  value ="ReadCommitted" />
     < add  key ="hibernate.dialect"  value ="NHibernate.Dialect.MsSql2000Dialect"   />
     < add  key ="show_sql"  value ="true"   />
   </ nhibernate >

   < log4net >
     < appender  name ="ConsoleAppender"  type ="log4net.Appender.ConsoleAppender"   >
       < layout  type ="log4net.Layout.PatternLayout" >
         < conversionPattern  value ="%date [%thread] %-5level %logger [%ndc] - %message%newline"   />
       </ layout >
     </ appender >
     < root >
       < level  value ="ALL"   />
       < appender-ref  ref ="ConsoleAppender"   />
     </ root >

   </ log4net >

</ configuration >

 

 

请注意添加：

< add  key ="show_sql"  value ="true"   />

 

 

关于 log4net 的使用，我们这里不做详细的讲解，有兴趣的请参考如下地址：

http://logging.apache.org/log4net/

 

接着，我们在上次的工程组中添加一个名为 Test1 的测试项目，将其中的不需要的手动测试去掉。请注意：除了 NHibernate/Model 引用外，还需要添加如下 3 个引用：

log4net,System.Data,System.Xml.

修改代码如下：

using  System;
using  System.Text;
using  System.Collections;
using  Microsoft.VisualStudio.TestTools.UnitTesting;
using  NHibernate;
using  NHibernate.Cfg;
using  log4net;
using  log4net.Config;
using  Test.Model;

namespace  Test1
{
     /**/ ///   <summary>
     ///  Summary description for UnitTest1
     ///   </summary>
    [TestClass]
     public   class  UnitTest1
     {
         static  ISessionFactory factory;
         static  ILog logger;
        ISession session;

         public  UnitTest1()
         {
        }

         Additional test attributes #region  Additional test attributes
        
         [ClassInitialize()]
          public   static   void  MyClassInitialize(TestContext testContext) 
          {
             XmlConfigurator.Configure();
             logger  =  LogManager.GetLogger( typeof (Test1.UnitTest1));
             Configuration config  =   new  Configuration().AddAssembly( " Test.Model " );
             factory  =  config.BuildSessionFactory();
         }
        
         [ClassCleanup()]
          public   static   void  MyClassCleanup()  { }
        
         [TestInitialize()]
          public   void  MyTestInitialize() 
          {
             session  =  factory.OpenSession();
         }
        
         [TestCleanup()]
          public   void  MyTestCleanup() 
          {
             session.Close();
         }
        
         #endregion
    }
}

 

我们在测试的开始对 Configuration/SessionFactory/Log 进行初始化。在每一个 Test 的开始获取一个新的 session ，每一个 Test 结束后即关闭 session 。

添加如下一个 Get 测试：

[TestMethod]
public   void  TestRead()
{
      Person person  =  (Person)session.Get( typeof (Person),  1 );
      Assert.IsTrue(person.Name  ==   " Jackie Chan " );
}

我们在前面曾经插入一条名为“Jackie Chan”的记录，现在在Test Manager中选中TestRead，运行，ok，Passed！
我们使用了session.Get来获取记录，方法如下：

object  Get(Type  clazz ,object  id );

很简单，一目了然。

我们切换到 Test Results 窗口，双击测试成功的 TestRead 方法，这时将会有一个详细的测试结果显示出来， NHibernate 将使用我们指定的 log4net 来输出详细信息，我们仔细观察：

2006-04-15 13:52:13,000 [AdpaterExeMgrThread1] DEBUG NHibernate.Impl.SessionImpl [(null)] - opened session

2006-04-15 13:52:13,015 [AdpaterExeMgrThread1] DEBUG NHibernate.Impl.SessionImpl [(null)] - loading [Person#1]

2006-04-15 13:52:13,015 [AdpaterExeMgrThread1] DEBUG NHibernate.Impl.SessionImpl [(null)] - attempting to resolve [Person#1]

2006-04-15 13:52:13,015 [AdpaterExeMgrThread1] DEBUG NHibernate.Impl.SessionImpl [(null)] - object not resolved in any cache [Test.Model.Person#1]

2006-04-15 13:52:13,015 [AdpaterExeMgrThread1] DEBUG NHibernate.Persister.EntityPersister [(null)] - Materializing entity: Test.Model.Person#1

2006-04-15 13:52:13,078 [AdpaterExeMgrThread1] DEBUG NHibernate.Impl.BatcherImpl [(null)] - Opened new IDbCommand, open IDbCommands :1

2006-04-15 13:52:13,078 [AdpaterExeMgrThread1] DEBUG NHibernate.Impl.BatcherImpl [(null)] - Building an IDbCommand object for the SqlString: SELECT person0_.id as id0_, person0_.name as name0_ FROM Person person0_ WHERE person0_.id=:id

2006-04-15 13:52:13,093 [AdpaterExeMgrThread1] DEBUG NHibernate.Type.Int32Type [(null)] - binding '1' to parameter: 0

2006-04-15 13:52:13,093 [AdpaterExeMgrThread1] INFO  NHibernate.Loader.Loader [(null)] - SELECT person0_.id as id0_, person0_.name as name0_ FROM Person person0_ WHERE person0_.id=@p0

2006-04-15 13:52:13,093 [AdpaterExeMgrThread1] DEBUG NHibernate.SQL [(null)] - SELECT person0_.id as id0_, person0_.name as name0_ FROM Person person0_ WHERE person0_.id=@p0

2006-04-15 13:52:13,093 [AdpaterExeMgrThread1] DEBUG NHibernate.SQL [(null)] - @p0 = '1'

2006-04-15 13:52:13,093 [AdpaterExeMgrThread1] DEBUG NHibernate.Connection.DriverConnectionProvider [(null)] - Obtaining IDbConnection from Driver

2006-04-15 13:52:13,859 [AdpaterExeMgrThread1] DEBUG NHibernate.Impl.BatcherImpl [(null)] - Opened Reader, open Readers :1

2006-04-15 13:52:13,859 [AdpaterExeMgrThread1] DEBUG NHibernate.Loader.Loader [(null)] - processing result set

2006-04-15 13:52:13,875 [AdpaterExeMgrThread1] DEBUG NHibernate.Loader.Loader [(null)] - result row: 1

2006-04-15 13:52:13,875 [AdpaterExeMgrThread1] DEBUG NHibernate.Loader.Loader [(null)] - Initializing object from DataReader: 1

2006-04-15 13:52:13,875 [AdpaterExeMgrThread1] DEBUG NHibernate.Loader.Loader [(null)] - Hydrating entity: Test.Model.Person#1

2006-04-15 13:52:13,906 [AdpaterExeMgrThread1] DEBUG NHibernate.Type.StringType [(null)] - returning 'Jackie Chan' as column: name0_

2006-04-15 13:52:13,906 [AdpaterExeMgrThread1] DEBUG NHibernate.Loader.Loader [(null)] - done processing result set (1 rows)

2006-04-15 13:52:13,937 [AdpaterExeMgrThread1] DEBUG NHibernate.Driver.NHybridDataReader [(null)] - running NHybridDataReader.Dispose()

2006-04-15 13:52:13,937 [AdpaterExeMgrThread1] DEBUG NHibernate.Impl.BatcherImpl [(null)] - Closed Reader, open Readers :0

2006-04-15 13:52:13,937 [AdpaterExeMgrThread1] DEBUG NHibernate.Impl.BatcherImpl [(null)] - Closed IDbCommand, open IDbCommands :0

2006-04-15 13:52:13,937 [AdpaterExeMgrThread1] DEBUG NHibernate.Loader.Loader [(null)] - total objects hydrated: 1

2006-04-15 13:52:13,953 [AdpaterExeMgrThread1] DEBUG NHibernate.Impl.SessionImpl [(null)] - resolving associations for: [Test.Model.Person#1]

2006-04-15 13:52:13,953 [AdpaterExeMgrThread1] DEBUG NHibernate.Impl.SessionImpl [(null)] - done materializing entity [Test.Model.Person#1]

2006-04-15 13:52:13,953 [AdpaterExeMgrThread1] DEBUG NHibernate.Impl.SessionImpl [(null)] - initializing non-lazy collections

2006-04-15 13:52:13,953 [AdpaterExeMgrThread1] DEBUG NHibernate.Impl.SessionImpl [(null)] - closing session

2006-04-15 13:52:13,953 [AdpaterExeMgrThread1] DEBUG NHibernate.Impl.SessionImpl [(null)] - disconnecting session

2006-04-15 13:52:13,953 [AdpaterExeMgrThread1] DEBUG NHibernate.Connection.ConnectionProvider [(null)] - Closing connection

2006-04-15 13:52:13,968 [AdpaterExeMgrThread1] DEBUG NHibernate.Impl.SessionImpl [(null)] - transaction completion

 

在其中，我们可以发现：

2006-04-15 13:52:13,093 [AdpaterExeMgrThread1] DEBUG NHibernate.SQL [(null)] - SELECT person0_.id as id0_, person0_.name as name0_ FROM Person person0_ WHERE person0_.id=@p0

2006-04-15 13:52:13,093 [AdpaterExeMgrThread1] DEBUG NHibernate.SQL [(null)] - @p0 = '1'

对了，就是这里， NHibernate 替我们构造了一条 sql 语句，并添加一个参数，然后将我们在代码中赋的 id 值 1 来填充，这样，一条完整的可以执行的 sql 语句产生了。

请注意：在产生 sql 语句的前面， NHibernate 构造了一个 IDBCommand ，然后在 sql 语句产生完全后，获取连接，通过一个 DataReader 来填充 Persion 对象给我们使用，这就是 NHibernate 替我们做的事，是不是很简单啊？（真的很简单吗？？看看源代码吧！！）

请仔细研究输出的日志。

 

如法炮制，我们添加另外 3 个 Test ，完成单个表的全部 CRUD 操作，如下完整代码：

[TestMethod]

         public   void  TestCreate()

         {

            Person person  =   new  Person();

            person.Name  =   " Jackie Chan " ;

 

            ITransaction trans  =  session.BeginTransaction();

             try

             {

                session.Save(person);

                trans.Commit();

                Assert.IsTrue(person.Id  >   0 );

            }

             catch  (Exception ex)

             {

                trans.Rollback();

                Assert.Fail(ex.Message);

            }

        }

 

        [TestMethod]

         public   void  TestUpdate()

         {

            Person person  =  (Person)session.Get( typeof (Person),  1 );

            person.Name  =   " Jet Li " ;

 

            ITransaction trans  =  session.BeginTransaction();

             try

             {

                session.Save(person);

                trans.Commit();

                Assert.IsTrue(person.Name  ==   " Jet Li " );

            }

             catch  (Exception ex)

             {

                trans.Rollback();

                Assert.Fail(ex.Message);

            }

        }

 

        [TestMethod]

         public   void  TestRead()

         {

            Person person  =  (Person)session.Get( typeof (Person),  1 );

            Assert.IsTrue(person.Name  ==   " Jackie Chan " );

        }

 

        [TestMethod]

         public   void  TestDelete()

         {

            Person person  =  (Person)session.Get( typeof (Person),  1 );

 

            ITransaction trans  =  session.BeginTransaction();

             try

             {

                session.Delete(person);

                trans.Commit();

            }

             catch  (Exception ex)

             {

                trans.Rollback();

                Assert.Fail(ex.Message);

            }

        }

 

Delete 的方法如下：

void  Delete(object  obj );

直接传入需要 delete 的对象即可。

 

好了，基本的操作都完成了，是不是很Easy？
好了，这一篇就讲这么多，我们下次再接着练习。