Pom全称Project Object Model(工程对象模型)。Pom文件是Maven运行的基础,其中详细描述了一些详细的工程配置信息。
Pom文件分类
默认Pom文件内容
<project>
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<repositories>
<repository>
<id>central</id>
<name>Central Repository</name>
<url>https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2</url>
<layout>default</layout>
<snapshots>
<enabled>false</enabled>
</snapshots>
</repository>
</repositories>
<pluginRepositories>
<pluginRepository>
<id>central</id>
<name>Central Repository</name>
<url>https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2</url>
<layout>default</layout>
<snapshots>
<enabled>false</enabled>
</snapshots>
<releases>
<updatePolicy>never</updatePolicy>
</releases>
</pluginRepository>
</pluginRepositories>
<build>
<directory>${project.basedir}/target</directory>
<outputDirectory>${project.build.directory}/classes</outputDirectory>
<finalName>${project.artifactId}-${project.version}</finalName>
<testOutputDirectory>${project.build.directory}/test-classes</testOutputDirectory>
<sourceDirectory>${project.basedir}/src/main/java</sourceDirectory>
<scriptSourceDirectory>${project.basedir}/src/main/scripts</scriptSourceDirectory>
<testSourceDirectory>${project.basedir}/src/test/java</testSourceDirectory>
<resources>
<resource>
<directory>${project.basedir}/src/main/resources</directory>
</resource>
</resources>
<testResources>
<testResource>
<directory>${project.basedir}/src/test/resources</directory>
</testResource>
</testResources>
<pluginManagement>
<!-- NOTE: These plugins will be removed from future versions of the super POM -->
<!-- They are kept for the moment as they are very unlikely to conflict with lifecycle mappings (MNG-4453) -->
<plugins>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-antrun-plugin</artifactId>
<version>1.3</version>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-assembly-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.2-beta-5</version>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-dependency-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.8</version>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-release-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.5.3</version>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</pluginManagement>
</build>
<reporting>
<outputDirectory>${project.build.directory}/site</outputDirectory>
</reporting>
<profiles>
<!-- NOTE: The release profile will be removed from future versions of the super POM -->
<profile>
<id>release-profile</id>
<activation>
<property>
<name>performRelease</name>
<value>true</value>
</property>
</activation>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<inherited>true</inherited>
<artifactId>maven-source-plugin</artifactId>
<executions>
<execution>
<id>attach-sources</id>
<goals>
<goal>jar-no-fork</goal>
</goals>
</execution>
</executions>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<inherited>true</inherited>
<artifactId>maven-javadoc-plugin</artifactId>
<executions>
<execution>
<id>attach-javadocs</id>
<goals>
<goal>jar</goal>
</goals>
</execution>
</executions>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<inherited>true</inherited>
<artifactId>maven-deploy-plugin</artifactId>
<configuration>
<updateReleaseInfo>true</updateReleaseInfo>
</configuration>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</profile>
</profiles>
</project>
最小规格Pom文件
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.mycompany.app</groupId>
<artifactId>my-app</artifactId>
<version>1</version>
</project>
子工程继承父工程pom配置值
|-- my-module | `-- pom.xml `-- pom.xml
子pom文件内容
<project>
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<parent>
<groupId>com.mycompany.app</groupId>
<artifactId>my-app</artifactId>
<version>1</version>
</parent>
<groupId>com.mycompany.app</groupId>
<artifactId>my-module</artifactId>
<version>1</version>
</project>
Noting:
子pom文件中的version、groupId等属性可以从父目录的pom文件中继承。
因此,子pom文件中的version、groupId标签可以删除,默认继承父级pom文件中的配置。
项目聚合Pom
父子目录结构如下
|-- my-module | `-- pom.xml `-- parent `-- pom.xml
父级pom指定子模块pom文件位置:
<project>
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.mycompany.app</groupId>
<artifactId>my-app</artifactId>
<version>1</version>
<packaging>pom</packaging>
<modules>
<module>../my-module</module>
</modules>
</project>
子pom文件配置指定父pom文件位置:
<project>
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<parent>
<groupId>com.mycompany.app</groupId>
<artifactId>my-app</artifactId>
<version>1</version>
<relativePath>../parent/pom.xml</relativePath>
</parent>
<artifactId>my-module</artifactId>
</project>
Noting:通过relativePath标签指定子pom文件相对父pom文件所在位置。
Pom文件中定义共用变量
通过占位符<version>${project.version}</version>获取实际值。
pom中定义属性:
<properties>
<mavenVersion>3.0</mavenVersion>
</properties>
pom中通过占位符获取属性值:
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.maven</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-core</artifactId>
<version>${mavenVersion}</version>
</dependency>
通过占位符直接获取项目配置:
${project.groupId},
${project.version},
${project.build.sourceDirectory}