Django Enum Choices： TextChoices & IntegerChoices

最新推荐文章于 2025-03-08 22:37:22 发布

waketzheng

最新推荐文章于 2025-03-08 22:37:22 发布

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For Django3.0+, use models.TextChoices (see docs-v3.0 for enumeration types)

from django.db import models

class MyModel(models.Model):
    class Month(models.TextChoices):
        JAN = '1', "JANUARY"
        FEB = '2', "FEBRUARY"
        MAR = '3', "MAR"
        # (...)

    month = models.CharField(
        max_length=2,
        choices=Month.choices,
        default=Month.JAN
    )

Usage::

>>> obj = MyModel.objects.create(month='1')
>>> assert obj.month == obj.Month.JAN
>>> assert MyModel.Month(obj.month).label == 'JANUARY'
>>> assert MyModel.objects.filter(month=MyModel.Month.JAN).count() >= 1
>>> assert MyModel.Month(obj.month).name == 'JAN'

>>> obj2 = MyModel(month=MyModel.Month.FEB)
>>> assert obj2.get_month_display() == obj2.Month(obj2.month).label

Personally, I would rather use models.IntegerChoices

class MyModel(models.Model):
    class Month(models.IntegerChoices):
        JAN = 1, "JANUARY"
        FEB = 2, "FEBRUARY"
        MAR = 3, "MAR"
        # (...)

    month = models.PositiveSmallIntegerField(
        choices=Month.choices,
        default=Month.JAN
    )

Ref: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/18676156/how-to-properly-use-the-choices-field-option-in-django/59199143#59199143

Example::

class PaidBy(models.IntegerChoices):
	wx = 0, '微信'
	ali = 1, '支付宝'
	other = 2, '其他'

class Record(models.Model):
	pay_by = models.PositiveSmallIntegerField('支付方式', choices=PaidBy.choices, default=PaidBy.wx)