Android四大组件之BroadcastReceiver

BroadcastReceiver ---- 广播

广播可以在Manifest中进行静态注册,也可以在Activity中进行动态注册.BroadcastReceiver的子类需要实现public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent)方法.系统会自己发送广播,用户也可以自己发送广播,在发送广播后,通过AMS走一大圈后,最终会走到有接收权限的应用中,这个应用的BroadcastReceiver的子类需要调用它的onReceive方法,来处理这个传达到此处的广播事件.

实例一:静态注册,监听开机事件

1. AndroidManifest.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    package="com.jal.www.jalmusic">

    <application
        android:allowBackup="true"
        android:icon="@mipmap/ic_launcher"
        android:label="@string/app_name"
        android:roundIcon="@mipmap/ic_launcher_round"
        android:supportsRtl="true"
        android:theme="@style/AppTheme">
        <activity android:name=".MainActivity">
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />
                <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
            </intent-filter>
        </activity>
        </activity>
        <receiver android:name=".BootCompleteReceiver">
            <intent-filter>
            <action android:name = "android.intent.action.BOOT_COMPLETED"/>
            </intent-filter>
		</receiver>
    </application>
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.RECEIVE_BOOT_COMPLETED"/>
</manifest>

2. BootCompleteReceiver.java

package com.jal.www.jalmusic;

import android.content.BroadcastReceiver;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.util.Log;
import android.widget.Toast;

public class BootCompleteReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver{
    private final String ACTION_BOOT = "android.intent.action.CAMERA_BUTTON";

    public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
    if (ACTION_BOOT.equals(intent.getAction()))
        Toast.makeText(context, "开机完毕~", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
        Log.i("ZJ","收到开机广播");
    }

}

实例二:Activity中动态注册广播,监听网络变化(通过开关WIFI可以接受广播)

1. AndroidManifest.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    package="com.jal.www.jalmusic">

    <application
        android:allowBackup="true"
        android:icon="@mipmap/ic_launcher"
        android:label="@string/app_name"
        android:roundIcon="@mipmap/ic_launcher_round"
        android:supportsRtl="true"
        android:theme="@style/AppTheme">
        <activity android:name=".BroadcastActivity">
        <intent-filter>
            <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />
            <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
        </intent-filter>
    	</activity>
        <receiver android:name=".MyBroadcastReceiver">
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="com.jal.www.jalmusic.MY_BROADCAST"/>
            </intent-filter>
        </receiver>
    </application>
</manifest>

2. BroadcastActivity.java

package com.jal.www.jalmusic;

import android.content.Intent;
import android.content.IntentFilter;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.view.Menu;
import android.widget.ListView;

import java.util.List;

public class BroadcastActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
    private ListView listView;
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_broadcast);
        IntentFilter filter = new IntentFilter();
        filter.addAction("android.net.conn.CONNECTIVITY_CHANGE");
        registerReceiver(new MyBRReceiver(), filter);

    }
}

3. MyBRReceiver.java

package com.jal.www.jalmusic;

import android.content.BroadcastReceiver;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.widget.Toast;

public class MyBRReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver {
    @Override
    public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
        Toast.makeText(context,"网络状态发生改变~",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
    }
}

实例三: 发送广播

先在JalMusic这个程序中写好广播接受器,然后运行好关闭这个程序

1. AndroidManifest.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    package="com.jal.www.jalmusic">

    <application
        android:allowBackup="true"
        android:icon="@mipmap/ic_launcher"
        android:label="@string/app_name"
        android:roundIcon="@mipmap/ic_launcher_round"
        android:supportsRtl="true"
        android:theme="@style/AppTheme">
        <activity android:name=".MainActivity">
            <intent-filter>
               <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />
                <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
            </intent-filter>
        </activity>
        <receiver android:name=".MyBroadcastReceiver">
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="com.jal.www.jalmusic.MY_BROADCAST"/>
            </intent-filter>
        </receiver>
    </application>
</manifest>

2. MyBroadcastReceiver.java

package com.jal.www.jalmusic;

import android.content.BroadcastReceiver;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.widget.Toast;

public class MyBroadcastReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver {
    private final String ACTION_BOOT = "com.jal.www.jalmusic.MY_BROADCAST";
    @Override
    public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
        if(ACTION_BOOT.equals(intent.getAction()))
        Toast.makeText(context, "收到广播啦~",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
    }
}

然后在另一个程序Cathy中通过动态注册发送广播.运行这个程序,点击按钮就可以Toast收到广播

1. AndroidManifest.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    package="com.jal.www.cathy">
    <application
        android:allowBackup="true"
        android:icon="@mipmap/ic_launcher"
        android:label="@string/app_name"
        android:roundIcon="@mipmap/ic_launcher_round"
        android:supportsRtl="true"
        android:theme="@style/AppTheme">
        <activity android:name=".MainActivity">
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />
                <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
            </intent-filter>
        </activity>
    </application>
</manifest>

2. MainActivity.java

package com.jal.www.cathy;

import android.content.Intent;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        Button btn_send = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btn_send);
        btn_send.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                sendBroadcast(new Intent("com.jal.www.jalmusic.MY_BROADCAST"));
            }
        });
    }
}

3. activity_main.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<android.support.constraint.ConstraintLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    tools:context=".MainActivity">

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/btn_send"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="发送广播"
        tools:layout_editor_absoluteX="16dp"
        tools:layout_editor_absoluteY="25dp" />

</android.support.constraint.ConstraintLayout>