IMS Overview 22-9-9

1.IMS:IP Multimedia Subsystem
> Multi-Media
> Multi-Service
> Multi-Access
> Multi-Terminal
AS - IMS - IP - Access

2.IMS Standard service：
MMTL(multimedia tlelephony)
IP TV
Presence
Messaging

The Main Drivers of IMS Today
VoTLE
PSTN modernzization
- Multimedia telephony over IP
Telecom-Web

Voice Over LTE

MMTel(multimedia telephony)
GSMA VoLTE IR.92

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Architecture(HSS UDR DNS 不属于IMS)
- IMS Architecture
SBG
- 2 role: A-SBG(p-cscf) N-SBG(IBCF)
- ATCF用于解决srvcc

	BGF:受控于SBG承载语音包
	
	CSCF
	- I-CSCF:询问
	- S-CSCF：service 
	- E-CSCF：紧急呼叫
	- BGCF：由IMS域进出其他域 break out / break in
			
	MTAS
	- MMTel
	- SCC
	MRF：受控于MTAS放音，播放媒体和会议混音。
	EME：短消息
	AFG：自助服务
	
	HSS（非IMS）：
	- HSS
	- HSS-FE:与UDR的CUDB（存储）通信
	- SLF:淘汰了，与cscf通过Cx接口
	
- IMS Nodes introduction
	IMS重要接口 (类型)节点名称（功能模块）
	> (I S)CSCF - HSS/HSS-FE -> Cx(Diameter)
	> (P I S)CSCF -> Mw(SIP)
	> UE - P-CSCF -> Gm(SIP)
	> P-CSCF - PCRF(Policy and Charging Rule Function) -> Rx
	> BGF - UE -> Mb(Media Interface RTP)
	> SBG(SGC) - BGF -> la(H.248)
	> (BGCF)CSCF - MGCF -> Mg/Mj(Breakout/Breakin SIP,CS Domain)
	> (BGCF)CSCF - (N)SBG(IBCF) -> Mx(Other IMS/SIP/H.323 Network)
	> (i s)CSCF - MTAS -> ISC(sip)
	> (s)CSCF - MTAS(MRFC) -> Mr(sip)
	> MTAS(MRFC) - MRF(MRFP) -> Mp(H.248) 
	> MTAS - HSS -> Sh(Diameter)
	> MTAS - SCP(CS Domain) -> CAP
	> MATS - EDA -> CAI3G(to Provisioning System)
	
- Protocol Overview
	- SIP : Session Initiation Protocol
	- DiaMeter: 3A,base on RADUIS protocol
	- H.248: Metdia Gateway Control protocol,control mdedia resource.
	
- Identities in IMS
	- IPMU:IMS Public User Identity（类比电话号）  sip:username + @ + domain name tel:123456789
	- IMPI:IMS Private User Identity(类比身份证号) username + @ + domain name
	
- User Data Distribution in IMS
	> HSS
		- Transparent data:  MATS Data
		- Non Transparent data： IMPU IMPI
		
- Access Awareness
	The UE my report the access type using the PANI header(P-Access-Network-Identifier).
	SBG will add header if UE have no PANY header.
	
- User Agent
	- UAC(client)
	- UAS(server)
	- B2B(back to back):UAC&UAS
	
***
- Initial Registration Procedure
	1. UE(REG)		->	P-CSCF
	2. P-CSCF(REG)	->	I-CSCF
	3. I-CSCF(UAR)	->	HSS
	4. HSS(UAA)		->	I-CSCF
	5. I-CSCF(REG)	->	S-CSCF
	6. S-CSCF(SAR)	->	HSS
	7. HSS(SAA)		->	S-CSCF
	8. S-CSCF(200)	->	I-CSCF
	9. I-CSCF(200)	->	P-CSCF
	
IMS Security
	> Access Security
		- NASS
		- GIBA
		- Digest:
			phase1. UE注册消息携带 IMPI 到S-CSCF，S查询HSS发现没有鉴权，HSS给S回一个随机数RAND 。
			phase2. S发携带随机数和401一直到UE。S和UE同时计算随机数的哈希校验。（401过程叫challenge）
			phase3. UE携带哈希值发给S，S做对比确认是否成功。
		- AKA（Ahentication and Key Agreement） #2G sim卡不能使用AKA鉴权
			phase1. UE注册 (IMPI SequenceNumber Ki（ISIM/USIM）)消息到S-CSCF，S查询HSS发现没有鉴权，
					消息到S-CSCF，S查询HSS发现没有鉴权，HSS给S回一个随5元组。
					- RAND	(Random Value)
					- AUTN	(Useing RAND and the users Ki calculates )	Network authentication token
					- XRES	(Useing RAND and the users Ki calculates )	Expected result from UE
					- Ck 	(Useing RAND and the users Ki calculates )	Cenfidential key for IPsec
					- Ik	(Useing RAND and the users Ki calculates )	Integrity key for IPsec
			phase2. S发含有RAND、AUTN、Ck、Ik的401一直到UE。UE收到，
					- UE checks that Seq no is ok,authentication the network by verifying that ATUN(using RAND and Ki).
					- UE calcultes (Ck,lk,RES) using RAND and Ki.
			phase3. UE携带计算好的RES发给S，S做对比确认是否通过。
			
	> Network Domain Security
		- Triffic Separate (vlan separate signal median)

Basic Calls
-	Half Call model
	> A call, or session,always consists of one Originating and at least Terminating half-call.	

-	Media SessionEstablish
	> In SIP and IMS , SDP is used for media negotiation and establishment accrording  to the Offer/Answer model.
	> SDP:Session Descriptiion Protocol
	> The SDP message is tunnueled in a SIP message body
	
	> Media Set-up(no precodition)
	UE-A					IMS							UE-B
	|-	SIP INVITE	->		 |					  		|
	|	(SDP Offer)			 |					  		|
	|		<- 100 Trying	-|					  		|
	|						 |-	SIP INVITE	->	  		|
	|						 |	(SDP Offer)		  		|
	|					 	 |	   <- 100 Trying -		|
	|						 |<- 183 Session Progress  -|
	|						 |	(SDP Answer）)	  		|
	|<- 183 Session Progress-|					  		|
	|	(SDP Answer）)		 |					  		|
	|<<<--RTP,Audio G.711(PCMU) Video H.263(32)		 ---|
	|-	PRACK ->		 	 |- PRACK ->		  		|
	|					 	-|<- 200 OK(PRACK)	 	   -|
	|<- 200 OK(PRACK)	 	-|							|
	|<<<--RTP,Audio G.711(PCMU) Video H.263(34)		 ---|
	|					 	-|<- 200 OK			 	   -|
	|<- 200 OK			 	-|							|
	
-	Basic Session Establishment
	1. UE send SIP INVITE to P-CSCF.Reques-URI contains PUI of User B.
	
-	IFC/Service Trigger
	> Initial Filter Criteria consists of three items
		- Priority
		- Application Server Name(SIP URI)
		- Trigger Point
	> Share IFC:Define in CSCF for Saving Cx

4. • Service

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   - MMtel Supplementary Service(SS 补充服务)
   	- Hold Communication (呼叫保持)
   	- Identity Presentation(号显 OIP主叫号码显示 TIP被叫号码显示)
   	- Communication Diversion（呼转 无条件 有条件）
   	- Communitarian Barring（呼叫限制）
   	- Ad-hoc Confrerence(会议)
   	- Communication Waiting（呼叫等待）
   	- Short Nummber Dialing（短号码）
   	- Self Administration（通过AFG实现自主业务开通）
   	
   ***
   Regulatory Services
   	> Number portability(携号转网)
   	> Carrier Select/Pre-select（运营商标识选择）
   	> Emergency Calls(紧急呼叫)
   	> Lawfu Intercept（合法监听）
   

5. • Charging

     Offline(后付费)
     - CDF:Offline Charging Server
     Rf 接口ACR（Accounting Request）消息<->IMS
     Online(预付费)
     - OCS:Online Charging Server
     Ro 接口CCR消息（Credit Control Request）<->MTAS CSCF

6. • O&M(Opration and Maintance) FCAPS Model

     *Fault Management(告警)
     *Configuration Management（配置）
     Accounting Management（计费）
     *Performance Management（性能监控）

   • Provisioning Overview