MSM8909上pinctrl & gpio子系统 点亮LED（方法一:不用platform设备驱动）

学习目标

不用platform设备驱动，在MSM8909上用pinctrl & gpio子系统点亮LED。

---

主要内容

1、 修改设备树 2、 LED驱动程序 3、 测试APP

---

1、 设备树DTS

1）设备树apq8009w-openq2500.dts中找到yellow灯设备节点： node path:/soc/leds/yellow

leds {
	compatible = "gpio-leds";
	yellow {
		gpios = <&msm_gpio 49 0>;//GPIO49
		linux,default-trigger = "mmc0";
	};

	blue {
		gpios = <&msm_gpio 83 0>;
		default-state = "on";
		linux,default-trigger = "boot-indication";
	};	
};

获取设备节点：
gpioled.nd = of_find_node_by_path("/soc/leds/yellow");

2）pinctrl节点
pin的初始化工作由pinctrl子系统完成，源码目录在drivers/pinctrl。
没leds对应的pinctrl信息。

3）检查 PIN 是否被其他外设使用
因为用了开发板的源码，很多PIN已经定义好了和被使用了。对DTS就不修改了，直接用现成的leds节点。

---

2、 LED驱动程序

以下驱动程序参考正点原子开发部的LED驱动程序修改。

#include <linux/types.h>
#include <linux/kernel.h>
#include <linux/delay.h>
#include <linux/ide.h>
#include <linux/init.h>
#include <linux/module.h>
#include <linux/errno.h>
#include <linux/gpio.h>
#include <linux/cdev.h>
#include <linux/device.h>
#include <linux/of.h>
#include <linux/of_address.h>
#include <linux/of_gpio.h>

#include <asm/mach/map.h>
#include <asm/uaccess.h>
#include <asm/io.h>

#define GPIOLED_CNT 1
#define GPIOLED_NAME "gpioled"
#define LEDOFF 0
#define LEDON 1

/* gpioled 设备结构体 */
struct gpioled_dev{
	dev_t devid; /* 设备号 */
	struct cdev cdev; /* cdev */
	struct class *class; /* 类 */
	struct device *device; /* 设备 */
	int major; /* 主设备号 */
	int minor; /* 次设备号 */
	struct device_node *nd; /* 设备节点 */
	int led_gpio; /* led 所使用的 GPIO 编号 */
};

struct gpioled_dev gpioled; /* led 设备 */

static int led_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *filp)
{
	filp->private_data = &gpioled;
	return 0;
}

static ssize_t led_read(struct file *filp, char __user *buf, size_t cnt, loff_t *offt)
{
	return 0;
}

static ssize_t led_write(struct file *filp, const char __user *buf, size_t cnt, loff_t *offt)
{
	int retvalue;
	unsigned char databuf[1];
	unsigned char ledstat;
	struct gpioled_dev *dev = filp->private_data;

	retvalue = copy_from_user(databuf, buf, cnt);
	if(retvalue < 0) {
		printk("kernel write failed!\r\n");
		return -EFAULT;
	}

	ledstat = databuf[0];

	if(ledstat == LEDON) {
		gpio_set_value(dev->led_gpio, 1);//led on
	} else if(ledstat == LEDOFF) {
		gpio_set_value(dev->led_gpio, 0);//led off
	}

	return 0;
}

static int led_release(struct inode *inode, struct file *filp)
{
	return 0;
}

/* 设备操作函数 */
static struct file_operations gpioled_fops ={
	.owner = THIS_MODULE,
	.open = led_open,
	.read = led_read,
	.write = led_write,
	.release = 	led_release,
};

/*  驱动入口  */
static int __init led_init(void)
{
	int ret = 0;
	gpioled.nd = of_find_node_by_path("/soc/leds/yellow");//通过路径查找设备节点
	if(gpioled.nd == NULL) {
		printk("gpioled node cant not found!\r\n");
		return -EINVAL;
	}else{
		printk("gpioled node has been found!\r\n");
	}

	gpioled.led_gpio = of_get_named_gpio(gpioled.nd, "gpios", 0);
	if(gpioled.led_gpio < 0) {
		printk("can't get led-gpio");
		return -EINVAL;
	}
	printk("led-gpio num = %d\r\n", gpioled.led_gpio);

	ret = gpio_direction_output(gpioled.led_gpio, 1);
	if(ret < 0) {
		printk("can't set gpio!\r\n");
	}

	/* 1、创建设备号 */
	//自动创建设备号
	if (gpioled.major) {
		gpioled.devid = MKDEV(gpioled.major, 0);
		register_chrdev_region(gpioled.devid, GPIOLED_CNT, GPIOLED_NAME);
	} else {
		alloc_chrdev_region(&gpioled.devid, 0, GPIOLED_CNT, GPIOLED_NAME);
		gpioled.major = MAJOR(gpioled.devid);
		gpioled.minor = MINOR(gpioled.devid);
	}
	printk("gpioled major=%d,minor=%d\r\n",gpioled.major, gpioled.minor);

	/* 2、初始化 cdev */
	gpioled.cdev.owner = THIS_MODULE;
	cdev_init(&gpioled.cdev, &gpioled_fops);

	/* 3、添加一个 cdev */
	cdev_add(&gpioled.cdev, gpioled.devid, GPIOLED_CNT);

	/* 4、创建类 */
	gpioled.class = class_create(THIS_MODULE, GPIOLED_NAME);

	if (IS_ERR(gpioled.class)) {
		return PTR_ERR(gpioled.class);
	}

	/* 5、创建设备 */
	gpioled.device = device_create(gpioled.class, NULL, gpioled.devid, NULL, GPIOLED_NAME);

	if (IS_ERR(gpioled.device)) {
		return PTR_ERR(gpioled.device);
	}

	return 0;
}

/*  exit  */
static void __exit led_exit(void)
{
	cdev_del(&gpioled.cdev); /* 删除 cdev */
	unregister_chrdev_region(gpioled.devid, GPIOLED_CNT); /* 注销 */
	
	device_destroy(gpioled.class, gpioled.devid);
	class_destroy(gpioled.class);

	printk("led_exit\r\n");
}

/*register and unregister*/
module_init(led_init);
module_exit(led_exit);

MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
MODULE_AUTHOR("ZRR");

---

3、测试APP

同样参考正点原子开发部的代码

#include "stdio.h"
#include "unistd.h"
#include "sys/types.h"
#include "sys/stat.h"
#include "fcntl.h"
#include "stdlib.h"
#include "string.h"

#define LEDOFF 0
#define LEDON 1

int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
	int fd, retvalue;
	char *filename;
	unsigned char databuf[1];
	
	if(argc != 3){
		printf("Error Usage!\r\n");
		return -1;
	}

	filename = argv[1];

	/* 打开led驱动 */
	fd = open(filename, O_RDWR);
	if(fd < 0){
		printf("file %s open failed!\r\n", argv[1]);
		return -1;
	}

	databuf[0] = atoi(argv[2]);	/* 要执行的操作：打开或关闭 */

	/* 向/dev/led文件写入数据 */
	retvalue = write(fd, databuf, sizeof(databuf));
	if(retvalue < 0){
		printf("LED Control Failed!\r\n");
		close(fd);
		return -1;
	}

	retvalue = close(fd); /* 关闭文件 */
	if(retvalue < 0){
		printf("file %s close failed!\r\n", argv[1]);
		return -1;
	}
	return 0;
}

---

4、Makefile

KERNEL_DIR = /home/msm8909-source-tree/out/target/product/msm8909w/obj/KERNEL_OBJ

CUR_DIR = $(shell pwd)

ARCH=arm
CROSS_COMPILE= /home/ubuntu/Public/gcc-linaro-4.9.4-2017.01-x86_64_arm-linux-gnueabihf/bin/arm-linux-gnueabihf-
export ARCH CROSS_COMPILE

obj-m := ledtest.o
out1 = ledapp

all :
	make -C $(KERNEL_DIR) ARCH=$(ARCH) CROSS_COMPILE=$(CROSS_COMPILE) M=$(CUR_DIR) modules
	$(CROSS_COMPILE)gcc ledapp.c -o $(out1) -static

.PHONY:clean
clean :
	make -C $(KERNEL_DIR) M=$(CUR_DIR) clean
	rm $(out1)

---

5) 编译驱动程序和测试

a）make编译

得到ledtest.ko和ledapp。
如果单独编译ledtest.ko出现签名问题，请看之前的文章：
msm8909 android 系统 insmod: failed to load ledtest.ko: Required key not available解决签名问题

如果ledapp出现error: No such file or directory，请看之前的文章：
解决：/system/bin/sh: ./hello: No such file or directory

b）运行测试

安装系统中，ledtest.ko放在/system/lib/modules目录下：

msm8909w:/system/lib/modules # ls
ansi_cprng.ko         gpio_output.ko     mtd_readtest.ko
bg-codec.ko           hello.ko           mtd_speedtest.ko
ledtest.ko         mtd_subpagetest.k
....

装载模块：

msm8909w:/system/lib/modules # insmod ledtest.ko

msm8909w:/system/lib/modules # lsmod
Module                  Size  Used by
ledtest                12823  0

cat /proc/devices 查看设备号：

msm8909w:/system/lib/modules # cat /proc/devices
Character devices:
...
230 gpioled
....

用ledapp点灯测试：

  ./ledapp /dev/gpioled 1  //打开led
  ./ledapp /dev/gpioled 1   //关闭led

---

说明：驱动代码和测试APP程序参考正点原子开发部例程修改。