iOS开发填坑指南1.0 （Swift版）

如果对你有帮助，谢谢！

知识点目录

本文总结了使用SwiftUI开发的一系列小的知识点，旨在帮助你快熟开发，解决问题。

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提示：需掌握Swift基本语法！

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1, json解析处理Null值

可以说这个问题是比较恶心的一个问题，后端 Java 会直接把 null 返回，给刚接触iOS开发者带来一定困扰。我也查了一圈资料才得到解决方案。

//json格式

{
    "data": "1784",  // 
    "message": "成功",
    "status": 200
}
失败情况
{
	"data": null,
	"message": "短信已发送,请稍后重试",
	"status": 500
}

struct VerifiedCode: Codable {
    let status: Int
    //    let data: String
    private let data: String? // <- This should be optional, otherwise it will fail decoding
    var defaultedName: String { data ?? "Orange" }
    let message: String
}

2, Data打印输出

print("Data: \(data)")
print("Data include nsdata: \(NSData(data: data))")
print("Data include string: \(String(describing: data))")
let str = String(data:data, encoding: String.Encoding.utf8)
print("Data to String: \(String(describing: str))")

/*-----打印结果-----*/
Data: 47 bytes
Data include nsdata: {length = 47, bytes = 0x7b226461 7461223a 22313037 34222c22 ... 7573223a 3230307d }
Data include string: 47 bytes
Data to String: Optional("{\"data\":\"1074\",\"message\":\"成功\",\"status\":200}")

3, 扩大点击热区

VStack{
                Text("点击")
            }.frame(width: 200, height: 200)
//            .background(Color.purple) //加上颜色可以让点击区域生效
            .contentShape(Rectangle()) //没有颜色的情况用contentShape扩大点击响应区域
            .onTapGesture {
                print("tap")
            }

4, 渐变 （三种效果）

//线性渐变

Text("已实名")
         .frame(width:64, height:23)
         .font(.system(size: 12))
          .background(LinearGradient(gradient: Gradient(colors: [Color.hexColorString( "#FAD961"), Color.hexColorString( "#FF975D")]),startPoint: .bottomTrailing,endPoint: .topLeading).cornerRadius(12))

VStack {
        LinearGradient(gradient: Gradient(colors: [.white, .black]), startPoint: .leading, endPoint: .trailing)
        RadialGradient(gradient: Gradient(colors: [.blue, .black]), center: .center, startRadius: 20, endRadius: 200)
		// 同Android中 SweepGradient
        AngularGradient(gradient: Gradient(colors: [.red, .yellow, .green, .blue, .purple, .red]), center: .center)
            }

5, 打电话

let numberString = "111-222-3334"

Button(action: {
    let telephone = "tel://"
    let formattedString = telephone + numberString
    guard let url = URL(string: formattedString) else { return }
    UIApplication.shared.open(url)
   }) {
   Text(numberString)
}

6, Alter弹窗

@State private var showingAlert = false

MineItemView(mineitem: mineitems[4], description: "17343101261")
            .alert(isPresented: $showingAlert) {
                Alert(title: Text(""), message: Text("17343101261"),
                      primaryButton: .default(Text("拨打"),action:{
                    guard let number = URL(string: "tel://" + "17343101261") else { return }
                    UIApplication.shared.open(number)
                }),
                      secondaryButton: .default(Text("取消")))
            }
            .onTapGesture {
                self.showingAlert = true
            }

其他问题
1，xcode archive灰色,无法打包的解决办法

解决办法：目前的运行配置是使用模拟器，改成“iOS Device”即可 。

2，