DNS服务器配置

一、DNS正向解析[解析域名]

环境：

red hat linux 6.3

DNS-SERVER：192.168.122.1

DNS-CLIETNS：192.168.122.6

1.安转与配置DNS服务器 【server】

#yum install bind  bind-chroot bind-utils -y

#vim /etc/named.conf

.. 

listen-on port 53 { any; };

listen-on-v6 port 53 { :::; };  #注意::1是只监听localhost【本地】

...     

allow-query     { any; };

//include "/etc/named.root.key";

指定读取规则：

#vim /etc/named.rfc1912.zones

...

zone "example.com" IN {

type master;

file "example.com.zone"; //这个是你的域文件的名称

allow-update { none; };

};

启动named

#/etc/init.d/named start

生成模板 （注意/var/named路径只有在named正常启动后才会有）

#cp -p /var/named/named.localhost /var/named/example.com.zone

编写规则

#vim /var/named/example.com.zone

$TTL 1D

@       IN SOA instructor.example.com. root.example.com. (

0      ; serial

1D     ; refresh

1H     ; retry

1W     ; expire

3H )    ; minimum

NS     instructor.example.com

instructor.example.com  A 192.168.122.1

server2.example.com A 192.168.122.2

server3.example.com A 192.168.122.3

server4 A 192.168.122.4

…

注：上面的server4是跟前面/etc/named.rfc1912.zones中写zone "example.com" IN中的example.com合成一个域名—server4.example.com                                               

2.测试： 【client】

#vim /etc/resolv.conf

; generated by /sbin/dhclient-script

nameserver 192.168.122.1

search example.com

#dig server4.example.com

; <<>> DiG 9.8.2rc1-RedHat-9.8.2-0.17.rc1.el6_4.6 <<>> server4.example.com

;; global options: +cmd

;; Got answer:

;; ->>HEADER<

;; flags: qr aa rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 0, AUTHORITY: 1, ADDITIONAL: 0

;; QUESTION SECTION:

;server4.example.com. IN A

;; AUTHORITY SECTION:

example.com. 10800 IN SOA instructor.example.com. root.example.com. 0 86400 3600 604800 10800

;; Query time: 0 msec

;; SERVER: 192.168.122.1#53(192.168.122.1)

;; WHEN: Tue Aug 19 11:55:22 2014

;; MSG SIZE  rcvd: 89

二、DNS反向解析[对IP进行解析]

1.配置DNS服务器 【server】

#vim /etc/named.rfc1912.zones

...

zone "122.168.192.in-addr.arpa" IN {     

type master;

file "westos.com.ptr";

//这里指定了要读的文件的名称 

allow-update { none; };

};

...

编写westos.com.ptr文件:

#vim /var/named/westos.com.ptr

$TTL 1D

@ IN SOA xian.example.com. root.example.com. (

0 ; serial

1D ; refresh

1H ; retry

1W ; expire

3H ) ; minimum

NS xian.example.com.

xian.example.com. A 192.168.122.2

2 PTR

9 PTR .

三、DNS双向解析

注：双向解析不是说正反向解析，而是如正向解析时，内网和外网等不同网段的IP去访问同一个域名的时候，进入了不同的域模块。

1.配置DNS服务器 【server】

#vim /etc/namd.conf

//这里必须屏蔽掉，不然启动会有报错

//zone "." IN {

//      type hint;

//      file "named.ca";

//};

#这个是本地访问的时候访问的文件

view localnet{

match-clients { localhost ;};

match-destinations { localhost; };

zone "westos.com" IN {

type master;

file "westos.com.zone";

allow-update { none; };

};

};

#这个是非本地访问的文件

view internet{

match-clients { any ;};

match-destinations { any ; };

zone "westos.com" IN {

type master;

file "westos.com1.zone";

allow-update { none; };

};

#这个也必须屏蔽掉，不然启动也会有报错

//include "/etc/named.rfc1912.zones";

//include "/etc/named.root.key";

#vim /var/named/westos.com.zone

$TTL 1D

@ IN SOA xian.example.com. root.example.com. (

0 ; serial

1D ; refresh

1H ; retry

1W ; expire

3H ) ; minimum

NS xian.example.com.

xian.example.com. A 192.168.122.1

www A 192.168.122.1

#vim /var/named/westos.com1.zone

$TTL 1D

@ IN SOA xian.example.com. root.example.com. (

0 ; serial

1D ; refresh

1H ; retry

1W ; expire

3H ) ; minimum

NS xian.example.com.

xian.example.com. A 192.168.122.1

www A 192.168.122.6

本地（192.168.122.1）访问：【server】

#dig

;; QUESTION SECTION:

; IN A

;; ANSWER SECTION:

86400 IN A 192.168.122.1

客户端(192.168.122.6)访问： 【client】

#dig

;; QUESTION SECTION:

; IN A

;; ANSWER SECTION:

86400 IN A 192.168.122.6

ANY QUSTIONS

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