Hi3556v200 u-boot+Liteos方案编译流程分析-4. u-boot.bin编译过程

最新推荐文章于 2024-06-30 17:57:19 发布

HZero.chen

最新推荐文章于 2024-06-30 17:57:19 发布

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分类专栏： Hi3556

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/jasonactions/article/details/110791694

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1.前言

本文主要就Hi3556v200的U-boot+Liteos方案的编译流程做简要介绍，主要通过make过程的打印来逐步理清编译的过程，本文主要结合编译的打印信息介绍u-boot.bin的编译过程
U-boot版本：u-boot-2016.11

2.目标依赖

在这里插入图片描述

红色为主Makefile
蓝色为arch/arm/Makefile

3. 编译过程

自下而上分析编译流程，分析过程与实际编译流程略有出入，但基本按照实际的编译流程进行分析

3.1 include/config/%.conf目标(主Makefile)

在这里插入图片描述

通过make -p打印出head-y为 arch/arm/cpu/armv7/start.o
通过搜索可以在arch/arm/Makefile中搜索到head-y变量的定义

head-y := arch/arm/cpu/$(CPU)/start.o

通过主Makefile可以看到有如下的include:

ifeq ($(autoconf_is_old),)
include config.mk
include arch/$(ARCH)/Makefile
endif

在主Makefile中，有如下的定义：

u-boot-init := $(head-y)

这样就会编译arch/arm/cpu/armv7/start.o,调用规则为：

%.o: %.S prepare scripts FORCE
        $(Q)$(MAKE) $(build)=$(build-dir) $(target-dir)$(notdir $@)

最终通过prepare依赖一步步会编译到include/config/%.conf目标：

include/config/%.conf: $(KCONFIG_CONFIG) include/config/auto.conf.cmd
        $(Q)$(MAKE) -f $(srctree)/Makefile silentoldconfig
        @# If the following part fails, include/config/auto.conf should be
        @# deleted so "make silentoldconfig" will be re-run on the next build.
        $(Q)$(MAKE) -f $(srctree)/scripts/Makefile.autoconf || \
                { rm -f include/config/auto.conf; false; }
        @# include/config.h has been updated after "make silentoldconfig".
        @# We need to touch include/config/auto.conf so it gets newer
        @# than include/config.h.
        @# Otherwise, 'make silentoldconfig' would be invoked twice.
        $(Q)touch include/config/auto.conf

include/config/%.conf编译规则1

$(Q)$(MAKE) -f $(srctree)/Makefile silentoldconfig

即make -f ./Makefile silentoldconfig, 编译主Makefile下的silentoldconfig目标
主Makefile中关于silentoldconfig目标的编译规则如下：

%config: scripts_basic outputmakefile FORCE
        $(Q)$(MAKE) $(build)=scripts/kconfig $@
scripts_basic:
        $(Q)$(MAKE) $(build)=scripts/basic
        $(Q)rm -f .tmp_quiet_recordmcount

根据前面config编译分析，此处scripts_basic目标主要是编译fixdep工具，由于fixdep工具已经编译，因此不会执行动作
回到%config目标，将会执行它的编译规则：

$(Q)$(MAKE) $(build)=scripts/kconfig $@

即make -f ./scripts/Makefile.build obj=scripts/kconfig silentoldconfig
根据前面对config编译的说明，此处会进入到./scripts/Makefile.build文件，并在./scripts/Makefile.build文件中包含scripts/kconfig/Makefile, 然后编译它的silentoldconfig目标，silentoldconfig目标在scripts/kconfig/Makefile定义如下：

#scripts/kconfig/Makefile 
silentoldconfig: $(obj)/conf
        $(Q)mkdir -p include/config include/generated
        $< $(silent) --$@ $(Kconfig)

编译规则为：
mkdir -p include/config include/generated
scripts/kconfig/conf --silentoldconfig Kconfig

先创建了include/config 和include/generated文件夹，通过conf工具：
在include/config下生成auto.conf和auto.conf.cmd，以及tristate.conf；
在include/generated下生成autoconf.h文件；

include/generated/autoconf.h 头文件由内核本身使用，主要用来预处理 C 代码。比如在 .config 或 auto.conf 中定义要编译为模块的项，如：
CONFIG_DEBUG_NX_TEST=m
在 autoconf.h 中会被定义为：
#define CONFIG_DEBUG_NX_TEST_ MODULE 1

注：整个编译过程有两处调用了conf工具：第一次调用生成.config scripts/kconfig/conf
–defconfig=arch/…/configs/rpi_3_32b_defconfig Kconfig 第二次调用生成auto.conf和autoconf.h scripts/kconfig/conf --silentoldconfig
Kconfig
参考：https://blog.csdn.net/guyongqiangx/article/details/52679635?utm_source=blogxgwz6

include/config/%.conf编译规则2

$(Q)$(MAKE) -f $(srctree)/scripts/Makefile.autoconf

即
make -f ./scripts/Makefile.autoconf ||
{ rm -f include/config/auto.conf; false; }

会执行./scripts/Makefile.autoconf下的默认目标

#scripts/Makefile.autoconf
__all: include/autoconf.mk include/autoconf.mk.dep

# We are migrating from board headers to Kconfig little by little.
# In the interim, we use both of
#  - include/config/auto.conf (generated by Kconfig)
#  - include/autoconf.mk      (used in the U-Boot conventional configuration)
# The following rule creates autoconf.mk
# include/config/auto.conf is grepped in order to avoid duplication of the
# same CONFIG macros
quiet_cmd_autoconf = GEN     $@
      cmd_autoconf = \
                sed -n -f $(srctree)/tools/scripts/define2mk.sed $< |                   \
                while read line; do                                                     \
                        if [ -n "${KCONFIG_IGNORE_DUPLICATES}" ] ||                     \
                           ! grep -q "$${line%=*}=" include/config/auto.conf; then      \
                                echo "$$line";                                          \
                        fi                                                              \
                done > $@

quiet_cmd_u_boot_cfg = CFG     $@
      cmd_u_boot_cfg = \
        $(CPP) $(c_flags) $2 -DDO_DEPS_ONLY -dM $(srctree)/include/common.h > $@.tmp && { \
                grep 'define CONFIG_' $@.tmp > $@;                      \
                rm $@.tmp;                                              \
        } || {                                                          \
                rm $@.tmp; false;                                       \
        }


include/autoconf.mk: u-boot.cfg
        $(call cmd,autoconf)
u-boot.cfg: include/config.h FORCE
        $(call cmd,u_boot_cfg)
include/autoconf.mk.dep: include/config.h FORCE
        $(call cmd,autoconf_dep)

编译include/u-boot.cfg
编译include/autoconf.mk.dep
编译include/autoconf.mk

include/config/%.conf编译规则3

$(Q)touch include/config/auto.conf

更新include/config/auto.conf时间戳

3.2 include/config/uboot.release目标（主Makefile）

编译规则如下：

# Store (new) UBOOTRELEASE string in include/config/uboot.release
include/config/uboot.release: include/config/auto.conf FORCE
        $(call filechk,uboot.release)

对uboot.release的版本进行检查

3.3 $(timestamp_h)目标（主Makefile）

timestamp_h := include/generated/timestamp_autogenerated.h

$(timestamp_h): $(srctree)/Makefile FORCE
        $(call filechk,timestamp.h)

3.4 $(version_h)目标（主Makefile）

version_h := include/generated/version_autogenerated.h
$(version_h): include/config/uboot.release FORCE
        $(call filechk,version.h)

3.5 prepare0目标（主Makefile）

prepare0: archprepare FORCE
        $(Q)$(MAKE) $(build)=.

此编译规则展开为：
make -f ./scripts/Makefile.build obj=.
在/scripts/Makefile.build中有如下的定义：

# The filename Kbuild has precedence over Makefile
kbuild-dir := $(if $(filter /%,$(src)),$(src),$(srctree)/$(src))
kbuild-file := $(if $(wildcard $(kbuild-dir)/Kbuild),$(kbuild-dir)/Kbuild,$(kbuild-dir)/Makefile)
include $(kbuild-file)

由于主目录下有kbuild文件，因此最终include $(kbuild-file)会包含主目录下的kbuild文件
之后将编译scripts/Makefile.build的默认目标_builld

__build: $(if $(KBUILD_BUILTIN),$(builtin-target) $(lib-target) $(extra-y)) \
         $(if $(KBUILD_MODULES),$(obj-m) $(modorder-target)) \
         $(subdir-ym) $(always)
        @:

kbuild中有如下的定义

generic-offsets-file := include/generated/generic-asm-offsets.h
always  := $(generic-offsets-file)

ifneq ($(wildcard $(srctree)/arch/$(ARCH)/lib/asm-offsets.c),)
offsets-file := include/generated/asm-offsets.h
endif
always  += $(offsets-file)

$(obj)/$(generic-offsets-file): lib/asm-offsets.s FORCE
        $(call filechk,offsets,__GENERIC_ASM_OFFSETS_H__)

$(obj)/$(offsets-file): arch/$(ARCH)/lib/asm-offsets.s FORCE
        $(call filechk,offsets,__ASM_OFFSETS_H__)

编译生成arch/arm/lib/asm-offsets.s， lib/asm-offsets.s，这两个文件的作用（TODO）
检查include/generated/generic-asm-offsets.h是否是最新，如果不是最新则更新
检查include/generated/asm-offsets.h是否是最新，如果不是最新则更新

3.6 u-boot.lds目标（主Makefile）

u-boot.lds: $(LDSCRIPT) prepare FORCE
        $(call if_changed_dep,cpp_lds)

# If board code explicitly specified LDSCRIPT or CONFIG_SYS_LDSCRIPT, use
# that (or fail if absent).  Otherwise, search for a linker script in a
# standard location.

ifndef LDSCRIPT
        #LDSCRIPT := $(srctree)/board/$(BOARDDIR)/u-boot.lds.debug
        ifdef CONFIG_SYS_LDSCRIPT
                # need to strip off double quotes
                LDSCRIPT := $(srctree)/$(CONFIG_SYS_LDSCRIPT:"%"=%)
        endif
endif

# If there is no specified link script, we look in a number of places for it
ifndef LDSCRIPT
        ifeq ($(wildcard $(LDSCRIPT)),)
                LDSCRIPT := $(srctree)/board/$(BOARDDIR)/u-boot.lds
        endif
        ifeq ($(wildcard $(LDSCRIPT)),)
                LDSCRIPT := $(srctree)/$(CPUDIR)/u-boot.lds
        endif
        ifeq ($(wildcard $(LDSCRIPT)),)
                LDSCRIPT := $(srctree)/arch/$(ARCH)/cpu/u-boot.lds
        endif
endif

从实际打印来看使用了 arch/arm/cpu/u-boot.lds的链接脚本

3.7 libs-y目标

在主Makefile中关于libs-y变量的赋值如下，此处只列出了部分：

libs-y += lib/
libs-y += fs/
libs-y += net/
libs-y += disk/
libs-y += drivers/
libs-y += drivers/dma/
libs-y += drivers/gpio/
libs-y += drivers/i2c/
libs-y += drivers/mmc/
libs-y += drivers/mtd/
libs-$(CONFIG_CMD_NAND) += drivers/mtd/nand/
libs-y += drivers/mtd/onenand/
libs-$(CONFIG_CMD_UBI) += drivers/mtd/ubi/
libs-y += drivers/mtd/spi/
libs-y += drivers/net/
libs-y += drivers/net/phy/
libs-y += drivers/pci/
libs-y += drivers/power/ \
        drivers/power/domain/ \
        drivers/power/fuel_gauge/ \
        drivers/power/mfd/ \
        drivers/power/pmic/ \
        drivers/power/battery/ \
        drivers/power/regulator/
libs-y += drivers/spi/
libs-y += drivers/ddr/hisilicon/$(SOC)/
libs-y += drivers/serial/
libs-y += drivers/usb/dwc3/
libs-y += drivers/usb/common/
libs-y += drivers/usb/emul/
libs-y += drivers/usb/eth/
libs-y += drivers/usb/gadget/
libs-y += drivers/usb/gadget/hiudc3/
libs-y += drivers/usb/gadget/udc/
libs-y += drivers/usb/host/
libs-y += drivers/usb/musb/
libs-y += drivers/usb/musb-new/
libs-y += drivers/usb/phy/
libs-y += drivers/usb/ulpi/
libs-y += cmd/
libs-y += common/
libs-$(CONFIG_API) += api/
libs-$(CONFIG_HAS_POST) += post/
ifndef CONFIG_MINI_BOOT
libs-y += test/
libs-y += test/dm/
libs-$(CONFIG_UT_ENV) += test/env/
libs-$(CONFIG_UT_OVERLAY) += test/overlay/

由于主Makefile包含了arch/arm/Makefile，在后者中有如下的赋值：

libs-y += $(machdirs)

libs-y += arch/arm/cpu/$(CPU)/
libs-y += arch/arm/cpu/
libs-y += arch/arm/lib/

主Makefile对libs-y进行排序：

libs-y := $(sort $(libs-y))

主Makefile将最后一个"/"去掉，如arch/arm/lib/变为arch/arm/lib，保存到u-boot-dirs

u-boot-dirs     := $(patsubst %/,%,$(filter %/, $(libs-y))) tools examples

u-boot-alldirs  := $(sort $(u-boot-dirs) $(patsubst %/,%,$(filter %/, $(libs-))))

将xxx/替换为xxx/built-in.o，如如arch/arm/lib/变为arch/arm/lib/built-in.o

libs-y          := $(patsubst %/, %/built-in.o, $(libs-y))

由于由如下的依赖关系，因此会触发$(u-boot-dirs)目标的编译

# The actual objects are generated when descending,
# make sure no implicit rule kicks in
$(sort $(u-boot-init) $(u-boot-main)): $(u-boot-dirs) ;

PHONY += $(u-boot-dirs)
$(u-boot-dirs): prepare scripts
        $(Q)$(MAKE) $(build)=$@

这样就会进入$(u-boot-dirs)目录进行编译：
make -f ./scripts/Makefile.build obj=arch/arm/cpu
make -f ./scripts/Makefile.build obj=arch/arm/cpu/armv7
make -f ./scripts/Makefile.build obj=arch/arm/lib
make -f ./scripts/Makefile.build obj=board/hisilicon/hi3556v200
make -f ./scripts/Makefile.build obj=cmd
make -f ./scripts/Makefile.build obj=common
make -f ./scripts/Makefile.build obj=disk
make -f ./scripts/Makefile.build obj=drivers
make -f ./scripts/Makefile.build obj=fs
make -f ./scripts/Makefile.build obj=lib
make -f ./scripts/Makefile.build obj=net
make -f ./scripts/Makefile.build obj=product/himedia
make -f ./scripts/Makefile.build obj=test
make -f ./scripts/Makefile.build obj=lib/zlib
make -f ./scripts/Makefile.build obj=examples

3.8 u-boot目标(主Makefile)

主Makefile中有如下的u-boot目标编译规则：

# Rule to link u-boot
# May be overridden by arch/$(ARCH)/config.mk
quiet_cmd_u-boot__ ?= LD      $@
      cmd_u-boot__ ?= $(LD) $(LDFLAGS) $(LDFLAGS_u-boot) -o $@ \
      -T u-boot.lds $(u-boot-init)                             \
      --start-group $(u-boot-main) --end-group                 \
      $(PLATFORM_LIBS) -Map u-boot.map

u-boot: $(u-boot-init) $(u-boot-main) u-boot.lds FORCE
        $(call if_changed,u-boot__)
ifeq ($(CONFIG_KALLSYMS),y)
        $(call cmd,smap)
        $(call cmd,u-boot__) common/system_map.o
endif

if_changed的定义如下：

#scripts/kbuild.include

dot-target = $(dir $@).$(notdir $@)

# Execute command if command has changed or prerequisite(s) are updated.
#
if_changed = $(if $(strip $(any-prereq) $(arg-check)),                       \   
        @set -e;                                                             \   
        $(echo-cmd) $(cmd_$(1));                                             \   
        printf '%s\n' 'cmd_$@ := $(make-cmd)' > $(dot-target).cmd)

其中$(any-prereq)定义如下：

#scripts/Kbuild.include

any-prereq = $(filter-out $(PHONY),$?) $(filter-out $(PHONY) $(wildcard $^),$^)

$? 表示所有比目标还要新的依赖文件；$ ^ 表示所有的依赖文件，在 any-prereq 中，首先使用 $(filter-out $(P H O N Y),$ ?) 将 $? 中的所有伪目标去掉，不然可能会将 FORCE 这种目标也带进来，如果此时返回非空，那么说明有比目标还要新的依赖文件。
$(wildcard $^) 匹配当前目录下的所有依赖文件(已经存在的)，然后再使用 $(filter-out $(PHONY) $(wildcard $^),$ ^) 将伪目标以及当前目录下匹配的文件列表从整个 $^ 列表中删除，如果返回不为空，那么说明某些依赖文件不存在，也就是说这些不存在的依赖文件还没生成 – 这是因为某些依赖文件需要在编译时才会生成
$(arg-check) 的定义如下：

#scripts/Kbuild.include
arg-check = $(strip $(filter-out $(cmd_$(1)), $(cmd_$@)) \
                    $(filter-out $(cmd_$@),   $(cmd_$(1))) )

在 arg-check 中，$(1) 表示第 1 个参数，比如上面的 $KaTeX parse error: Expected group after '_' at position 24: \dots_changed,u-boot_̲_) 中，$ (1) 就是
u-boot__ ，所以 $KaTeX parse error: Expected group after '_' at position 5: (cmd_̲$ (1) 就是表示 cmd_u-boot__ – 这个变量可以在上面主Makefile 中看到定义。它实际上表示的是这一次链接文件时所用到的链接参数。
$@ 表示目标文件，从上面叙述可知，它就是u-boot 。 $KaTeX parse error: Expected group after '_' at position 5: (cmd_̲$ @) 就是表示 $(cmd_u-boot)，而在主目录 .u-boot.cmd文件中我们看到了cmd_u-boot用来保存着上次编译的参数。在 arg-check 中，首先使用 $(filter-out $KaTeX parse error: Expected group after '_' at position 5: (cmd_̲$ (1)), $KaTeX parse error: Expected group after '_' at position 5: (cmd_̲$ @)) 将上一次的编译参数中过略掉本次要编译的参数，再用 $(filter-out $KaTeX parse error: Expected group after '_' at position 5: (cmd_̲$ @), $KaTeX parse error: Expected group after '_' at position 5: (cmd_̲$ (1))) 将本次的编译参数中过滤掉上一次的编译参数。正反过滤的原因是，filter-out 函数在过滤时，如果第 2 个参数是第 1 个参数的子集或者是相同，那么返回空；所以，在第 1 次过滤时如果返回为空，那么 cmd_ $KaTeX parse error: Expected group after '_' at position 12: @ 可能是等于 cmd_̲$ (1) 的，也可能是它的子集，所以只有当再次反过来做过滤时发现返回为空，那么才能判断两次编译的参数是相等的，否则是不等的。如果返回结果不为空，说明编译参数发生了变化，那么就会执行 $(cmd_u-boot__) 。
命令执行过程为：

arm-himix400-linux-ld.bfd   -pie  --gc-sections -Bstatic -Ttext 0x80800000 -o u-boot -T u-boot.lds arch/arm/cpu/armv7/start.o --start-group  arch/arm/cpu/built-in.o  arch/arm/cpu/armv7/built-in.o  arch/arm/lib/built-in.o  board/hisilicon/hi3556v200/built-in.o  cmd/built-in.o  common/built-in.o  disk/built-in.o  drivers/built-in.o  drivers/ddr/hisilicon/hi3556v200/built-in.o  drivers/dma/built-in.o  drivers/gpio/built-in.o  drivers/i2c/built-in.o  drivers/mmc/built-in.o  drivers/mtd/built-in.o  drivers/mtd/onenand/built-in.o  drivers/mtd/spi/built-in.o  drivers/net/built-in.o  drivers/net/phy/built-in.o  drivers/pci/built-in.o  drivers/power/built-in.o  drivers/power/battery/built-in.o  drivers/power/domain/built-in.o  drivers/power/fuel_gauge/built-in.o  drivers/power/mfd/built-in.o  drivers/power/pmic/built-in.o  drivers/power/regulator/built-in.o  drivers/serial/built-in.o  drivers/spi/built-in.o  drivers/usb/common/built-in.o  drivers/usb/dwc3/built-in.o  drivers/usb/emul/built-in.o  drivers/usb/eth/built-in.o  drivers/usb/gadget/built-in.o  drivers/usb/gadget/hiudc3/built-in.o  drivers/usb/gadget/udc/built-in.o  drivers/usb/host/built-in.o  drivers/usb/musb-new/built-in.o  drivers/usb/musb/built-in.o  drivers/usb/phy/built-in.o  drivers/usb/ulpi/built-in.o  fs/built-in.o  lib/built-in.o  net/built-in.o  product/himedia/built-in.o  test/built-in.o  test/dm/built-in.o --end-group arch/arm/lib/eabi_compat.o  arch/arm/lib/lib.a -Map u-boot.map

如上的链接命令，显示链接地址为0x80800000，采用u-boot.lds链接脚本

可以看出如上命令的效果就是产生了u-boot文件

printf ‘%s\n’ ‘cmd_$@ := $(make-cmd)’ > $dot-target).cmd) 将编译参数cmd\_u-boot :=$ (make-cmd)保存到.u-boot.cmd 用于与下次编译时进行比较

总结 $(call if_changed,xxx_xxx)的用法：如果依赖文件比目标新，或依赖文件不存在，或者命令参数发生变化，会执行cmd_xxx_xxx ，同时将新的命令参数保存到$(dir> $@).$(notdir $@).cmd文件用于下次执行if_changed检查

3.9 u-boot.srec目标（主Makefile）

u-boot.srec有如下的编译规则：

 u-boot.hex u-boot.srec: u-boot FORCE
        $(call if_changed,objcopy)

根据前面对u-boot目标的分析，此处 $(call if_changed,objcopy)的含义为：
如果依赖文件u-boot比目标u-boot.srec新，或依赖文件u-boot不存在，或者命令参数发生变化，会执行cmd_objcopy,同时将新的命令参数保存到$(dir $@).$(notdir $@).cmd文件用于下次执行if_changed检查

# Normally we fill empty space with 0xff
quiet_cmd_objcopy = OBJCOPY $@
cmd_objcopy = $(OBJCOPY) --gap-fill=0xff $(OBJCOPYFLAGS) \
        $(OBJCOPYFLAGS_$(@F)) $< $@

 arm-himix400-linux-objcopy --gap-fill=0xff  -j .text -j .secure_text -j .image -j .secure_data -j .rodata -j .hash -j .data -j .got -j .got.plt -j .u_boot_list -j .rel.dyn -O srec u-boot u-boot.srec

将srec u-boot文件转换为u-boot.srec

3.10 u-boot-nodtb.bin目标（主Makefile）

u-boot-nodtb.bin: u-boot FORCE
        $(call if_changed,objcopy)
        $(call DO_STATIC_RELA,$<,$@,$(CONFIG_SYS_TEXT_BASE))
        $(BOARD_SIZE_CHECK)

根据前面对u-boot目标的分析，此处 $(call if_changed,objcopy)的含义为：
如果依赖文件u-boot比目标u-boot-nodtb.bin新，或依赖文件u-boot不存在，或者命令参数发生变化，会执行cmd_objcopy,同时将新的命令参数保存到$(dir $@).$(notdir $@).cmd文件用于下次执行if_changed检查

arm-himix400-linux-objcopy --gap-fill=0xff  -j .text -j .secure_text -j .image -j .secure_data -j .rodata -j .hash -j .data -j .got -j .got.plt -j .u_boot_list -j .rel.dyn -O binary  u-boot u-boot-nodtb.bin

3.11 u-boot.sym目标（主Makefile）

quiet_cmd_sym ?= SYM     $@
      cmd_sym ?= $(OBJDUMP) -t $< > $@
u-boot.sym: u-boot FORCE
        $(call if_changed,sym)

arm-himix400-linux-objdump -t u-boot > u-boot.sym
生成u-boot.sym符号表文件

3.12 u-boot.bin目标（主Makefile）

ifeq ($(CONFIG_OF_SEPARATE),y)
u-boot-dtb.bin: u-boot-nodtb.bin dts/dt.dtb FORCE
        $(call if_changed,cat)

u-boot.bin: u-boot-dtb.bin FORCE
        $(call if_changed,copy)
else
u-boot.bin: u-boot-nodtb.bin FORCE
        $(call if_changed,copy)
endif

根据前面对u-boot目标的分析，此处 $(call if_changed,objcopy)的含义为：
如果依赖文件u-boot-nodtb.bin比目标u-boot.bin新，或依赖文件u-boot-nodtb.bin不存在，或者命令参数发生变化，会执行cmd_objcopy,同时将新的命令参数保存到$(dir $@).$(notdir $@).cmd文件用于下次执行if_changed检查

# Normally we fill empty space with 0xff
quiet_cmd_objcopy = OBJCOPY $@
cmd_objcopy = $(OBJCOPY) --gap-fill=0xff $(OBJCOPYFLAGS) \
        $(OBJCOPYFLAGS_$(@F)) $< $@

cp u-boot-nodtb.bin u-boot.bin

3.13 all目标（主Makefile）

all:            $(ALL-y)
ifeq ($(CONFIG_DM_I2C_COMPAT)$(CONFIG_SANDBOX),y)
        @echo "===================== WARNING ======================"
        @echo "This board uses CONFIG_DM_I2C_COMPAT. Please remove"
        @echo "(possibly in a subsequent patch in your series)"
        @echo "before sending patches to the mailing list."
        @echo "===================================================="
endif
        @# Check that this build does not use CONFIG options that we do not
        @# know about unless they are in Kconfig. All the existing CONFIG
        @# options are whitelisted, so new ones should not be added.
        $(srctree)/scripts/check-config.sh u-boot.cfg \
                $(srctree)/scripts/config_whitelist.txt ${srctree} 1>&2

./scripts/check-config.sh u-boot.cfg
./scripts/config_whitelist.txt . 1>&2

4.readelf查看uboot.bin

ubuntu@ct-srv12:~/Hi3559V200_SmartCam_V5.0.0.1/osdrv/opensource/uboot/u-boot-2016.11$ arm-himix100-linux-readelf -S u-boot
There are 33 section headers, starting at offset 0x234eac:

Section Headers:
  [Nr] Name              Type            Addr     Off    Size   ES Flg Lk Inf Al
  [ 0]                   NULL            00000000 000000 000000 00      0   0  0
  [ 1] .text             PROGBITS        80800000 008000 02e2d4 00  AX  0   0 32
  [ 2] .__secure_start   PROGBITS        8082e2d4 0362d4 000000 00  WA  0   0  1
  [ 3] .secure_text      PROGBITS        8082e2e0 0362e0 000108 00  AX  0   0 32
  [ 4] .__secure_end     PROGBITS        8082e3e8 0363e8 000004 00  WA  0   0  1
  [ 5] .rodata           PROGBITS        8082e3ec 0363ec 00c947 00   A  0   0  4
  [ 6] .hash             HASH            8083ad34 042d34 000018 04   A 15   0  4
  [ 7] .image            PROGBITS        8083ad4c 042d4c 004268 00   A  0   0  1
  [ 8] .data             PROGBITS        8083efb4 046fb4 004390 00  WA  0   0  4
  [ 9] .got.plt          PROGBITS        80843344 04b344 00000c 04  WA  0   0  4
  [10] .u_boot_list      PROGBITS        80843350 04b350 00073c 00  WA  0   0  4
  [11] .rel.dyn          REL             80843a8c 04ba8c 0083a0 08   A 15   0  4
  [12] .bss_start        PROGBITS        80843a8c 053f1c 000000 00   W  0   0  1
  [13] .bss              NOBITS          80843a8c 000000 04e4d8 00  WA  0   0 64
  [14] .bss_end          PROGBITS        80891f64 053f1c 000000 00   W  0   0  1
  [15] .dynsym           DYNSYM          8084be2c 053e2c 000030 10   A 16   3  4
  [16] .dynstr           STRTAB          8084be5c 053e5c 000001 00   A  0   0  1
  [17] .dynamic          DYNAMIC         8084be60 053e60 000090 08  WA 16   0  4
  [18] .interp           PROGBITS        8084bef0 053ef0 000011 00   A  0   0  1
  [19] .gnu.hash         GNU_HASH        8084bf04 053f04 000018 04   A 15   0  4
  [20] .ARM.attributes   ARM_ATTRIBUTES  00000000 053f1c 00002d 00      0   0  1
  [21] .comment          PROGBITS        00000000 053f49 00002d 01  MS  0   0  1
  [22] .debug_line       PROGBITS        00000000 053f76 0227ad 00      0   0  1
  [23] .debug_info       PROGBITS        00000000 076723 103f86 00      0   0  1
  [24] .debug_abbrev     PROGBITS        00000000 17a6a9 0257f4 00      0   0  1
  [25] .debug_aranges    PROGBITS        00000000 19fea0 003ef0 00      0   0  8
  [26] .debug_str        PROGBITS        00000000 1a3d90 0167a0 01  MS  0   0  1
  [27] .debug_frame      PROGBITS        00000000 1ba530 00ada4 00      0   0  4
  [28] .debug_loc        PROGBITS        00000000 1c52d4 04d62e 00      0   0  1
  [29] .debug_ranges     PROGBITS        00000000 212908 008628 00      0   0  8
  [30] .symtab           SYMTAB          00000000 21af30 0126f0 10     31 3744  4
  [31] .strtab           STRTAB          00000000 22d620 007749 00      0   0  1
  [32] .shstrtab         STRTAB          00000000 234d69 000143 00      0   0  1
Key to Flags:
  W (write), A (alloc), X (execute), M (merge), S (strings), I (info),
  L (link order), O (extra OS processing required), G (group), T (TLS),
  C (compressed), x (unknown), o (OS specific), E (exclude),
  y (purecode), p (processor specific)

HZero.chen

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Hi3556v200 u-boot+Liteos方案编译流程分析-4. u-boot.bin编译过程

目录1.前言2.目标依赖3. 编译过程3.1 include/config/%.conf目标(主Makefile)include/config/%.conf编译规则1include/config/%.conf编译规则2include/config/%.conf编译规则33.2 include/config/uboot.release目标（主Makefile）3.3 $(timestamp_h)目标（主Makefile）3.4 $(version_h)目标（主Makefile）3.5 prepare0目标（主
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