操作系统实验五实验报告

实验五：用户进程管理

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练习0：填写已有实验

使用meld可以简单地将前几个lab的代码填入lab5中，但是要注意在这次实验中，部分代码需要做出修改，如下，主要是idt_init、trap_dispatch、alloc_proc、do_fork这四个函数

• kern/trap/trap.c中lab1的部分代码

/* LAB5 YOUR CODE */
//you should update your lab1 code (just add ONE or TWO lines of code), let user app to use syscall to get the service of ucore
//so you should setup the syscall interrupt gate in here
extern uintptr_t __vectors[];
for(int i = 0; i < sizeof(idt) / sizeof(struct gatedesc); i++){
    SETGATE(idt[i], 0, GD_KTEXT, __vectors[i], DPL_KERNEL);
}
SETGATE(idt[T_SYSCALL], 1, GD_KTEXT, __vectors[T_SYSCALL], DPL_USER);        //设置系统调用的中断门，特权级为用户级，则允许用户进程通过系统调用来完成不同的系统调用服务
lidt(&idt_pd);
...
/* LAB5 YOUR CODE */
/* you should upate you lab1 code (just add ONE or TWO lines of code):
 *    Every TICK_NUM cycle, you should set current process's current->need_resched = 1
 */
ticks++;
if(ticks % TICK_NUM == 0){
    assert(current != NULL);         //注意，LAB1中这里还有一行print_ticks()，必须去掉，否在在make grade中会由于spin和waitkill函数耗时过长导致这里print_ticks()输出的信息被当作错误处理
    current->need_resched = 1;       //每当时钟走过TICK_NUM次，就将当前进程切换掉（设置被需要被调度），意为时间片已用完
}

• kern/process/proc.c中lab4的部分代码

//LAB5 YOUR CODE : (update LAB4 steps)
/*
 * below fields(add in LAB5) in proc_struct need to be initialized
 *       uint32_t wait_state;                        // waiting state
 *       struct proc_struct *cptr, *yptr, *optr;     // relations between processes
 */
proc->wait_state = 0;                             //初始化等待状态为0
proc->cptr = proc->yptr = proc->optr = NULL;      //相关进程设置为NULL，cptr为子线程children，yptr和optr为兄弟线程younger/older
...
//LAB5 YOUR CODE : (update LAB4 steps)
/* Some Functions
 *    set_links:  set the relation links of process.  ALSO SEE: remove_links:  lean the relation links of process
 *    -------------------
 *    update step 1: set child proc's parent to current process, make sure current process's wait_state is 0
 *    update step 5: insert proc_struct into hash_list && proc_list, set the relation links of process
 */
proc->parent = current;                           //设置进程为当前进程的子进程
assert(current->wait_state == 0);                 //确保当前进程在等待
bool intr_flag;                                   //锁的作用参考lab4实验报告
local_intr_save(intr_flag);
{
    proc->pid = get_pid();
    hash_proc(proc);
    set_links(proc);                              //单独的计数不满足调度的要求，使用set_links来设置进程关系（父子/兄弟）并加入到链表中
}
local_intr_restore(intr_flag);

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练习1：加载应用程序并执行

1、应用程序的组成和编译

由于文件系统尚未实现，在本实验中make的最后一步通过一个ld命令将应用程序的执行码在生成kernel时直接链接到kernel的末端，并且将程序的位置和大小记录在两个全局变量中，供内核后续通过全局变量加载并执行应用程序

2、虚拟地址空间

tools/user.ld中记录了用户虚拟空间的执行入口虚拟地址，tools/kernel.ld中记录了内核虚拟空间的起始入口虚拟地址，kern\mm\memlayout.h中描述了虚拟地址空间的分配

SECTIONS {
   
    /* Load programs at this address: "." means the current address */
    . = 0x800020;

SECTIONS {
   
    /* Load the kernel at this address: "." means the current address */
    . = 0xC0100000;

/* *
 * Virtual memory map:                                          Permissions
 *                                                              kernel/user
 *
 *     4G ------------------> +---------------------------------+
 *                            |                                 |
 *                            |         Empty Memory (*)        |
 *                            |                                 |
 *                            +---------------------------------+ 0xFB000000
 *                            |   Cur. Page Table (Kern, RW)    | RW/-- PTSIZE
 *     VPT -----------------> +---------------------------------+ 0xFAC00000
 *                            |        Invalid Memory (*)       | --/--
 *     KERNTOP -------------> +--------------------