本次的springData学习全部是给予springboot框架的。
首先搭建一个springboot+springData环境。
pom文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<version>2.1.3.RELEASE</version>
<relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
</parent>
<groupId>com.jpa</groupId>
<artifactId>springJpa</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<name>springJpa</name>
<description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>
<properties>
<java.version>1.8</java.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/mysql/mysql-connector-java -->
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>5.1.26</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/com.google.code.gson/gson -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.google.code.gson</groupId>
<artifactId>gson</artifactId>
<version>2.8.5</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
yml文件:
spring:
datasource:
url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/shiro?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8"。
driver-class-name: com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
username: root
password:
jpa:
show-sql: true
database: MYSQL
1.Repository是springData的核心接口,不提供任何方法。
2.public interface Repository<T , ID extends Serializable>
创建一个实体类:
@Entity
@Table(name = "stu")
public class Student implements Serializable{
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
@Id
@GeneratedValue(strategy= GenerationType.AUTO)
private Integer id;
private String name;
private Double score;
private Integer age;
public Integer getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(Integer id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public Double getScore() {
return score;
}
public void setScore(Double score) {
this.score = score;
}
public Integer getAge() {
return age;
}
public void setAge(Integer age) {
this.age = age;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Student [id=" + id + ", name=" + name + ", score=" + score + ", age=" + age + "]";
}
}
实现Repository接口并创建一个findByName方法:
public interface StudentRepository extends Repository<Student, Integer>{
public Student findByName(String name);
}
创建测试类:
@Autowired
private StudentRepository studentRepositoryl;
@Test
public void findByName() {
Student s = studentRepositoryl.findByName("王麻子");
System.out.println(s.toString());
}
控制台打印结果:说明查询成功。
通过注解方式实现Repository,修改StudentRepository类如下。
@RepositoryDefinition(domainClass = Student.class,idClass = Integer.class)
public interface StudentRepository{
public Student findByName(String name);
}
同样能够获取到结果,说明使用注解的方式也可以实现。
Repository子接口:
CrudRepository: 继承 Repository,实现了一组 CRUD 相关的方法
PagingAndSortingRepository: 继承 CrudRepository,实现了一组分页排序相关的方法
JpaRepository: 继承 PagingAndSortingRepository,实现一组 JPA 规范相关的方法
自定义的 XxxxRepository 需要继承 JpaRepository,这样的 XxxxRepository 接口就具备了通用的数据访问控制层的能力。
springData查询的命名规则
Spring Data 的方法必须严格按照它的规范进行编写,如果写错了就不行
接下来测试几个:
如果我们将方法中的score的类型从Double改为Sting类型呢?
测试结果发现查询任何不到信息。
结论我们查询的条件的类型必须和实体类的类型保持一致
- 查询年级大于87的
控制台打印结果:public List<Student> findByScoreGreaterThan(Double score); 测试类: @Test public void testFindByScoreGreaterThan() { List<Student> sList = studentRepositoryl.findByScoreGreaterThan(87.0); sList.forEach(System.out::println); //System.out.println(s.toString()); }