linux实战小笔记（十五）Centos7下静默安装Oracle 11g(无图形化界面)

8. 重启下系统

=========

reboot

9. 解压下载好的两个Oracle数据库文件

=======================

unzip -q linux.x64_11gR2_database_1of2.zip -d /data

unzip -q linux.x64_11gR2_database_2of2.zip -d /data

mkdir -p /data/etc

cp /data/database/response/* /data/etc/

在/data/etc/db_install.rsp修改以下变量的值

oracle.install.option=INSTALL_DB_SWONLY

DECLINE_SECURITY_UPDATES=true

UNIX_GROUP_NAME=oinstall

INVENTORY_LOCATION=/data/app/oracle/inventory

SELECTED_LANGUAGES=en,zh_CN

ORACLE_HOSTNAME=oracledb

ORACLE_HOME=/data/app/oracle/product/11.2.0

ORACLE_BASE=/data/app/oracle

oracle.install.db.InstallEdition=EE

oracle.install.db.isCustomInstall=true

oracle.install.db.DBA_GROUP=dba

oracle.install.db.OPER_GROUP=dba

10. 开始安装

=========

su - oracle

cd /data/database

./runInstaller -silent -responseFile /data/etc/db_install.rsp -ignorePrereq

安装期间可以使用tail命令监看oracle的安装日志

#日志文件名称根据自己的实际执行时间变更

tail -f /data/app/oracle/inventory/logs/installActions2019-01-02_06-03-30PM.log

安装完成后有如下提示，如果有类似如下提示，说明安装完成

The following configuration scripts need to be executed as the “root” user.

#!/bin/sh

#Root scripts to run

/u01/app/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh

/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/root.sh

To execute the configuration scripts:

1. Open a terminal window

2. Log in as “root”

3. Run the scripts

4. Return to this window and hit “Enter” key to continue

Successfully Setup Software.

11. 使用root用户执行脚本

===================

su - root

sh /data/app/oracle/inventory/orainstRoot.sh

sh /data/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/root.sh

12. 配置监听程序

===========

su - oracle

netca /silent /responsefile /data/etc/netca.rsp

#输出结果

[oracle@oracledb ~]$ netca /silent /responsefile /data/etc/netca.rsp

Parsing command line arguments:

Parameter “silent” = true

Parameter “responsefile” = /data/etc/netca.rsp

Done parsing command line arguments.

Oracle Net Services Configuration:

Profile configuration complete.

Oracle Net Listener Startup:

Running Listener Control:

/data/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/bin/lsnrctl start LISTENER

Listener Control complete.

Listener started successfully.

Listener configuration complete.

Oracle Net Services configuration successful. The exit code is 0

查看监听端口

netstat -tnpl | grep 1521

13. 静默创建数据库

============

编辑应答文件/data/etc/dbca.rsp

[GENERAL]

RESPONSEFILE_VERSION = “11.2.0”

OPERATION_TYPE = “createDatabase”

[CREATEDATABASE]

GDBNAME = “orcl”

SID = “orcl”

SYSPASSWORD = “oracle”

SYSTEMPASSWORD = “oracle”

SYSMANPASSWORD = “oracle”

DBSNMPPASSWORD = “oracle”

DATAFILEDESTINATION =/data/app/oracle/oradata

RECOVERYAREADESTINATION=/data/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area

CHARACTERSET = “AL32UTF8”

TOTALMEMORY = “1638”

执行静默建库

su - oracle

dbca -silent -responseFile /data/etc/dbca.rsp

执行过程如下

[oracle@oracledb ~]$ dbca -silent -responseFile /data/etc/dbca.rsp

Copying database files

1% complete

3% complete

11% complete

18% complete

26% complete

37% complete

Creating and starting Oracle instance

40% complete

45% complete

50% complete

55% complete

56% complete

60% complete

62% complete

Completing Database Creation

66% complete

70% complete

73% complete

85% complete

96% complete

100% complete

Look at the log file “/data/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/dbca/orcl/orcl.log” for further details.

查看进程

ps -ef | grep ora_ | grep -v grep

执行结果

[oracle@oracledb ~]$ ps -ef | grep ora_ | grep -v grep

oracle 19304 1 0 18:33 ? 00:00:00 ora_pmon_orcl

oracle 19306 1 0 18:33 ? 00:00:00 ora_vktm_orcl

oracle 19310 1 0 18:33 ? 00:00:00 ora_gen0_orcl

oracle 19312 1 0 18:33 ? 00:00:00 ora_diag_orcl

oracle 19314 1 0 18:33 ? 00:00:00 ora_dbrm_orcl

oracle 19316 1 0 18:33 ? 00:00:00 ora_psp0_orcl

oracle 19318 1 0 18:33 ? 00:00:00 ora_dia0_orcl

oracle 19320 1 0 18:33 ? 00:00:00 ora_mman_orcl

oracle 19322 1 0 18:33 ? 00:00:00 ora_dbw0_orcl

oracle 19324 1 0 18:33 ? 00:00:00 ora_lgwr_orcl

oracle 19326 1 0 18:33 ? 00:00:00 ora_ckpt_orcl

oracle 19328 1 0 18:33 ? 00:00:00 ora_smon_orcl

oracle 19330 1 0 18:33 ? 00:00:00 ora_reco_orcl

oracle 19332 1 0 18:33 ? 00:00:00 ora_mmon_orcl

oracle 19334 1 0 18:33 ? 00:00:00 ora_mmnl_orcl

oracle 19336 1 0 18:33 ? 00:00:00 ora_d000_orcl

oracle 19338 1 0 18:33 ? 00:00:00 ora_s000_orcl

oracle 19361 1 0 18:34 ? 00:00:00 ora_qmnc_orcl

oracle 19376 1 0 18:34 ? 00:00:00 ora_cjq0_orcl

oracle 19396 1 0 18:34 ? 00:00:00 ora_q000_orcl

oracle 19398 1 0 18:34 ? 00:00:00 ora_q001_orcl

查看监听状态

$ lsnrctl status

#结果

[oracle@oracledb ~]$ lsnrctl status

LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on 02-JAN-2019 18:36:15

Copyright © 1991, 2009, Oracle. All rights reserved.

Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=IPC)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))

STATUS of the LISTENER

---

Alias LISTENER

Version TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production

Start Date 02-JAN-2019 18:20:21

Uptime 0 days 0 hr. 15 min. 54 sec

Trace Level off

Security ON: Local OS Authentication

SNMP OFF

Listener Parameter File /data/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/network/admin/listener.ora

Listener Log File /data/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/oracledb/listener/alert/log.xml

Listening Endpoints Summary…

(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))

(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=oracledb)(PORT=1521)))

Services Summary…

Service “orcl” has 1 instance(s).

Instance “orcl”, status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service…

Service “orclXDB” has 1 instance(s).

Instance “orcl”, status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service…

The command completed successfully

[oracle@oracledb ~]$

14. 至此数据库就安装成功了，下面我们登录下数据库

===========================

su - oracle

sqlplus / as sysdba

select status from v$instance;

执行select时，全出现以下情况

SQL> select status from v$instance;

select status from v$instance

ERROR at line 1:

ORA-01034: ORACLE not available

Process ID: 0

Session ID: 0 Serial number: 0

解决方式：

输入startup

#startup的输出提示：

SQL> statup

SP2-0042: unknown command “statup” - rest of line ignored.

SQL> startup

ORA-01078: failure in processing system parameters

LRM-00109: could not open parameter file ‘/data/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbs/initORCL.ora’

根据提示，将ORACLEBASE/admin/数据库名称/pfile目录下的init.ora.xxx形式的文件copy到ORACLE_BASE/admin/数据库名称/pfile目录下的init.ora.xxx形式的文件copy到ORACLE_HOME/dbs目录下initOracle.ora（根据startup提示）即可

cp /data/app/oracle/admin/orcl/pfile/init.ora.022019183329 initORCL.ora

查看数据库编码

select userenv(‘language’) from dual;

输出结果：

SQL> select userenv(‘language’) from dual;

USERENV(‘LANGUAGE’)

---

AMERICAN_AMERICA.AL32UTF8

SQL>

查看数据库版本

select * from v$version;

#结果

SQL> select * from v$version;

BANNER

---

Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production

PL/SQL Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production

CORE 11.2.0.1.0 Production

TNS for Linux: Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production

NLSRTL Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production

激活scott用户

alter user scott account unlock;

alter user scott identified by tiger;

select username,account_status from dba_users;

15. 设置Oracle开机启动

=================

修改/data/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/bin/dbstart

ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER=$ORACLE_HOME

修改/data/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/bin/dbshut

ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER=$ORACLE_HOME

修改vi /etc/oratab

orcl:/data/app/oracle/product/11.2.0:Y

新建文件/etc/rc.d/init.d/oracle

#! /bin/bash

oracle: Start/Stop Oracle Database 11g R2

chkconfig: 345 90 10

description: The Oracle Database is an Object-Relational Database Management System.

processname: oracle

. /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions

LOCKFILE=/var/lock/subsys/oracle

ORACLE_HOME=/data/app/oracle/product/11.2.0

ORACLE_USER=oracle

case “$1” in

‘start’)

if [ -f $LOCKFILE ]; then

echo $0 already running.

exit 1

fi

echo -n $“Starting Oracle Database:”

su - $ORACL{E}_{U}SER-c"$ORACLE_HOME/bin/lsnrctl start"

su - $ORACL{E}_{U}SER-c"$ORACLE_HOME/bin/dbstart $ORACLE_HOME"

su - $ORACL{E}_{U}SER-c"$ORACLE_HOME/bin/emctl start dbconsole"

touch $LOCKFILE

;;

‘stop’)

if [ ! -f $LOCKFILE ]; then

echo $0 already stopping.

exit 1

fi

echo -n $“Stopping Oracle Database:”

su - $ORACL{E}_{U}SER-c"$ORACLE_HOME/bin/lsnrctl stop"

su - $ORACL{E}_{U}SER-c"$ORACLE_HOME/bin/dbshut"

su - $ORACL{E}_{U}SER-c"$ORACLE_HOME/bin/emctl stop dbconsole"

rm -f $LOCKFILE

;;

‘restart’)

$0 stop

$0 start

;;

‘status’)

if [ -f $LOCKFILE ]; then

echo $0 started.

else

echo $0 stopped.

fi

;;

*)

echo “Usage: $0 [start|stop|status]”

exit 1

esac

exit 0

给/etc/init.d/oracle添加执行权限

chmod +x /etc/init.d/oracle

开机启动oracle

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