Elasticsearch(三) Java API操作

 Java API操作

    Elasticsearch的Java客户端非常强大;它可以建立一个嵌入式实例并在必要时运行管理任务。

    运行一个Java应用程序和Elasticsearch时,有两种操作模式可供使用。该应用程序可在Elasticsearch集群中扮演更加主动或更加被动的角色。在更加主动的情况下(称为Node Client),应用程序实例将从集群接收请求,确定哪个节点应处理该请求,就像正常节点所做的一样。(应用程序甚至可以托管索引和处理请求。)另一种模式称为Transport Client,它将所有请求都转发到另一个Elasticsearch节点,由后者来确定最终目标

3.1.1 操作环境准备

1)创建maven工程

 

2)添加pom文件

       <dependencies>

              <dependency>

                     <groupId>junit</groupId>

                     <artifactId>junit</artifactId>

                     <version>3.8.1</version>

                     <scope>test</scope>

              </dependency>

              <dependency>

                     <groupId>org.elasticsearch</groupId>

                     <artifactId>elasticsearch</artifactId>

                     <version>5.2.2</version>

              </dependency>

 

              <dependency>

                     <groupId>org.elasticsearch.client</groupId>

                     <artifactId>transport</artifactId>

                     <version>5.2.2</version>

              </dependency>

 

              <dependency>

                     <groupId>org.apache.logging.log4j</groupId>

                     <artifactId>log4j-core</artifactId>

                     <version>2.9.0</version>

              </dependency>

       </dependencies>

3)等待依赖的jar包下载完成

 

当直接在ElasticSearch 建立文档对象时,如果索引不存在的,默认会自动创建,映射采用默认方式

3.1.2 获取Transport Client

(1)ElasticSearch服务默认端口9300。

(2)Web管理平台端口9200。

       private TransportClient client;

 

       @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")

       @Before

       public void getClient() throws Exception {

 

              // 1 设置连接的集群名称

              Settings settings = Settings.builder().put("cluster.name", "my-application").build();

 

              // 2 连接集群

              client = new PreBuiltTransportClient(settings);

              client.addTransportAddress(new InetSocketTransportAddress(InetAddress.getByName("hadoop102"), 9300));

 

              // 3 打印集群名称

              System.out.println(client.toString());

       }

3.1.3 创建索引

1)源代码

       @Test

       public void createIndex_blog(){

              // 1 创建索引

              client.admin().indices().prepareCreate("blog2").get();

             

              // 2 关闭连接

              client.close();

       }

2)查看结果

{"blog2":{"aliases":{},"mappings":{},"settings":{"index":{"creation_date":"1507466730030","number_of_shards":"5","number_of_replicas":"1","uuid":"lec0xYiBSmStspGVa6c80Q","version":{"created":"5060299"},"provided_name":"blog2"}}}}

3.1.4 删除索引

1)源代码

       @Test

       public void deleteIndex(){

              // 1 删除索引

              client.admin().indices().prepareDelete("blog2").get();

             

              // 2 关闭连接

              client.close();

       }

2)查看结果

浏览器查看http://hadoop102:9200/blog2

没有blog2索引了。

{"error":{"root_cause":[{"type":"index_not_found_exception","reason":"no such index","resource.type":"index_or_alias","resource.id":"blog2","index_uuid":"_na_","index":"blog2"}],"type":"index_not_found_exception","reason":"no such index","resource.type":"index_or_alias","resource.id":"blog2","index_uuid":"_na_","index":"blog2"},"status":404}

3.1.5 新建文档(源数据json串)

当直接在ElasticSearch建立文档对象时,如果索引不存在的,默认会自动创建,映射采用默认方式。

ElasticSearch服务默认端口9300

Web管理平台端口9200

1)源代码

       @Test

       public void createIndexByJson() throws UnknownHostException {

 

              // 1 文档数据准备

              String json = "{" + "\"id\":\"1\"," + "\"title\":\"基于Lucene的搜索服务器\","

                            + "\"content\":\"它提供了一个分布式多用户能力的全文搜索引擎,基于RESTful web接口\"" + "}";

 

              // 2 创建文档

              IndexResponse indexResponse = client.prepareIndex("blog", "article", "1").setSource(json).execute().actionGet();

 

              // 3 打印返回的结果

              System.out.println("index:" + indexResponse.getIndex());

              System.out.println("type:" + indexResponse.getType());

              System.out.println("id:" + indexResponse.getId());

              System.out.println("version:" + indexResponse.getVersion());

              System.out.println("result:" + indexResponse.getResult());

 

              // 4 关闭连接

              client.close();

       }

2)结果查看

 

3.1.6 新建文档(源数据map方式添加json)

1)源代码

@Test

       public void createIndexByMap() {

 

              // 1 文档数据准备

              Map<String, Object> json = new HashMap<String, Object>();

              json.put("id", "2");

              json.put("title", "基于Lucene的搜索服务器");

              json.put("content", "它提供了一个分布式多用户能力的全文搜索引擎,基于RESTful web接口");

 

              // 2 创建文档

              IndexResponse indexResponse = client.prepareIndex("blog", "article", "2").setSource(json).execute().actionGet();

 

              // 3 打印返回的结果

              System.out.println("index:" + indexResponse.getIndex());

              System.out.println("type:" + indexResponse.getType());

              System.out.println("id:" + indexResponse.getId());

              System.out.println("version:" + indexResponse.getVersion());

              System.out.println("result:" + indexResponse.getResult());

 

              // 4 关闭连接

              client.close();

       }

2)结果查看

 

3.1.7 新建文档(源数据es构建器添加json)

1)源代码

@Test

       public void createIndex() throws Exception {

 

              // 1 通过es自带的帮助类,构建json数据

              XContentBuilder builder = XContentFactory.jsonBuilder().startObject().field("id", 3)

                            .field("title", "基于Lucene的搜索服务器").field("content", "它提供了一个分布式多用户能力的全文搜索引擎,基于RESTful web接口。")

                            .endObject();

 

              // 2 创建文档

              IndexResponse indexResponse = client.prepareIndex("blog", "article", "3").setSource(builder).get();

 

              // 3 打印返回的结果

              System.out.println("index:" + indexResponse.getIndex());

              System.out.println("type:" + indexResponse.getType());

              System.out.println("id:" + indexResponse.getId());

              System.out.println("version:" + indexResponse.getVersion());

              System.out.println("result:" + indexResponse.getResult());

 

              // 4 关闭连接

              client.close();

       }

2)结果查看

 

3.1.8 搜索文档数据(单个索引)

1)源代码

       @Test

       public void getData() throws Exception {

             

              // 1 查询文档

              GetResponse response = client.prepareGet("blog", "article", "1").get();

             

              // 2 打印搜索的结果

              System.out.println(response.getSourceAsString());

             

              // 3 关闭连接

              client.close();

       }

2)结果查看

 

3.1.9 搜索文档数据(多个索引)

1)源代码

@Test

       public void getMultiData() {

             

              // 1 查询多个文档

              MultiGetResponse response = client.prepareMultiGet().add("blog", "article", "1").add("blog", "article", "2", "3")

                            .add("blog", "article", "2").get();

             

              // 2 遍历返回的结果

              for(MultiGetItemResponse itemResponse:response){

                     GetResponse getResponse = itemResponse.getResponse();

                    

                     // 如果获取到查询结果

                     if (getResponse.isExists()) {

                            String sourceAsString = getResponse.getSourceAsString();

                            System.out.println(sourceAsString);

                     }

              }

             

              // 3 关闭资源

              client.close();

       }

2)结果查看

{"id":"1","title":"基于Lucene的搜索服务器","content":"它提供了一个分布式多用户能力的全文搜索引擎,基于RESTful web接口"}

{"content":"它提供了一个分布式多用户能力的全文搜索引擎,基于RESTful web接口","id":"2","title":"基于Lucene的搜索服务器"}

{"id":3,"titile":"ElasticSearch是一个基于Lucene的搜索服务器","content":"它提供了一个分布式多用户能力的全文搜索引擎,基于RESTful web接口。"}

{"content":"它提供了一个分布式多用户能力的全文搜索引擎,基于RESTful web接口","id":"2","title":"基于Lucene的搜索服务器"}

3.1.10 更新文档数据(update)

1)源代码

@Test

       public void updateData() throws Throwable {

 

              // 1 创建更新数据的请求对象

              UpdateRequest updateRequest = new UpdateRequest();

              updateRequest.index("blog");

              updateRequest.type("article");

              updateRequest.id("3");

 

              updateRequest.doc(XContentFactory.jsonBuilder().startObject()

                            // 对没有的字段添加, 对已有的字段替换

                            .field("title", "基于Lucene的搜索服务器")

                            .field("content",

                                          "它提供了一个分布式多用户能力的全文搜索引擎,基于RESTful web接口。大数据前景无限")

                            .field("createDate", "2017-8-22").endObject());

 

              // 2 获取更新后的值

              UpdateResponse indexResponse = client.update(updateRequest).get();

             

              // 3 打印返回的结果

              System.out.println("index:" + indexResponse.getIndex());

              System.out.println("type:" + indexResponse.getType());

              System.out.println("id:" + indexResponse.getId());

              System.out.println("version:" + indexResponse.getVersion());

              System.out.println("create:" + indexResponse.getResult());

 

              // 4 关闭连接

              client.close();

       }

2)结果查看

 

3.1.11 更新文档数据(upsert)

设置查询条件, 查找不到则添加IndexRequest内容,查找到则按照UpdateRequest更新。

@Test

       public void testUpsert() throws Exception {

 

              // 设置查询条件, 查找不到则添加

              IndexRequest indexRequest = new IndexRequest("blog", "article", "5")

                            .source(XContentFactory.jsonBuilder().startObject().field("title", "搜索服务器").field("content","它提供了一个分布式多用户能力的全文搜索引擎,基于RESTful web接口。Elasticsearch是用Java开发的,并作为Apache许可条款下的开放源码发布,是当前流行的企业级搜索引擎。设计用于云计算中,能够达到实时搜索,稳定,可靠,快速,安装使用方便。").endObject());

             

              // 设置更新, 查找到更新下面的设置

              UpdateRequest upsert = new UpdateRequest("blog", "article", "5")

                            .doc(XContentFactory.jsonBuilder().startObject().field("user", "李四").endObject()).upsert(indexRequest);

 

              client.update(upsert).get();

              client.close();

       }

第一次执行

hadoop102:9200/blog/article/5

 

第二次执行

hadoop102:9200/blog/article/5

 

3.1.12 删除文档数据(prepareDelete)

1)源代码

       @Test

       public void deleteData() {

             

              // 1 删除文档数据

              DeleteResponse indexResponse = client.prepareDelete("blog", "article", "5").get();

 

              // 2 打印返回的结果

              System.out.println("index:" + indexResponse.getIndex());

              System.out.println("type:" + indexResponse.getType());

              System.out.println("id:" + indexResponse.getId());

              System.out.println("version:" + indexResponse.getVersion());

              System.out.println("found:" + indexResponse.getResult());

 

              // 3 关闭连接

              client.close();

       }

2)结果查看

 

3.2 条件查询QueryBuilder

3.2.1 查询所有(matchAllQuery)

1)源代码

@Test

       public void matchAllQuery() {

             

              // 1 执行查询

              SearchResponse searchResponse = client.prepareSearch("blog").setTypes("article")

                            .setQuery(QueryBuilders.matchAllQuery()).get();

 

              // 2 打印查询结果

              SearchHits hits = searchResponse.getHits(); // 获取命中次数,查询结果有多少对象

              System.out.println("查询结果有:" + hits.getTotalHits() + "条");

 

              Iterator<SearchHit> iterator = hits.iterator();

 

              while (iterator.hasNext()) {

                     SearchHit searchHit = iterator.next(); // 每个查询对象

 

                     System.out.println(searchHit.getSourceAsString()); // 获取字符串格式打印

              }

 

              // 3 关闭连接

              client.close();

       }

2)结果查看

 

3.2.2 对所有字段分词查询(queryStringQuery)

1)源代码

       @Test

       public void query() {

              // 1 条件查询

              SearchResponse searchResponse = client.prepareSearch("blog").setTypes("article")

                            .setQuery(QueryBuilders.queryStringQuery("全文")).get();

 

              // 2 打印查询结果

              SearchHits hits = searchResponse.getHits(); // 获取命中次数,查询结果有多少对象

              System.out.println("查询结果有:" + hits.getTotalHits() + "条");

             

              Iterator<SearchHit> iterator = hits.iterator();

             

              while (iterator.hasNext()) {

                     SearchHit searchHit = iterator.next(); // 每个查询对象

                    

                     System.out.println(searchHit.getSourceAsString()); // 获取字符串格式打印

              }

             

              // 3 关闭连接

              client.close();

       }

2)结果查看

 

3.2.3 通配符查询(wildcardQuery)

*:表示多个字符(任意的字符)

?:表示单个字符

1)源代码

@Test

       public void wildcardQuery() {

 

              // 1 通配符查询

              SearchResponse searchResponse = client.prepareSearch("blog").setTypes("article")

                            .setQuery(QueryBuilders.wildcardQuery("content", "*全*")).get();

 

              // 2 打印查询结果

              SearchHits hits = searchResponse.getHits(); // 获取命中次数,查询结果有多少对象

              System.out.println("查询结果有:" + hits.getTotalHits() + "条");

 

              Iterator<SearchHit> iterator = hits.iterator();

 

              while (iterator.hasNext()) {

                     SearchHit searchHit = iterator.next(); // 每个查询对象

 

                     System.out.println(searchHit.getSourceAsString()); // 获取字符串格式打印

              }

 

              // 3 关闭连接

              client.close();

       }

2)结果查看

 

3.2.4 词条查询(TermQuery)

1)源代码

@Test

       public void termQuery() {

             

              // 1 第一field查询

              SearchResponse searchResponse = client.prepareSearch("blog").setTypes("article")

                            .setQuery(QueryBuilders.termQuery("content", "全")).get();

             

              // 2 打印查询结果

              SearchHits hits = searchResponse.getHits(); // 获取命中次数,查询结果有多少对象

              System.out.println("查询结果有:" + hits.getTotalHits() + "条");

 

              Iterator<SearchHit> iterator = hits.iterator();

 

              while (iterator.hasNext()) {

                     SearchHit searchHit = iterator.next(); // 每个查询对象

 

                     System.out.println(searchHit.getSourceAsString()); // 获取字符串格式打印

              }

 

              // 3 关闭连接

              client.close();

       }

2)结果查看

 

 

3.2.5 模糊查询(fuzzy)

 

@Test

       public void fuzzy() {

             

              // 1 模糊查询

              SearchResponse searchResponse = client.prepareSearch("blog").setTypes("article")

                            .setQuery(QueryBuilders.fuzzyQuery("title", "lucene")).get();

             

              // 2 打印查询结果

              SearchHits hits = searchResponse.getHits(); // 获取命中次数,查询结果有多少对象

              System.out.println("查询结果有:" + hits.getTotalHits() + "条");

 

              Iterator<SearchHit> iterator = hits.iterator();

 

              while (iterator.hasNext()) {

                     SearchHit searchHit = iterator.next(); // 每个查询对象

 

                     System.out.println(searchHit.getSourceAsString()); // 获取字符串格式打印

              }

 

              // 3 关闭连接

              client.close();

       }

3.3 映射相关操作

1)源代码

@Test

       public void createMapping() throws Exception {

             

              // 1设置mapping

              XContentBuilder builder = XContentFactory.jsonBuilder()

                            .startObject()

                                   .startObject("article")

                                          .startObject("properties")

                                                 .startObject("id1")

                                                        .field("type", "string")

                                                        .field("store", "yes")

                                                 .endObject()

                                                 .startObject("title2")

                                                        .field("type", "string")

                                                        .field("store", "no")

                                                 .endObject()

                                                 .startObject("content")

                                                        .field("type", "string")

                                                        .field("store", "yes")

                                                 .endObject()

                                          .endObject()

                                   .endObject()

                            .endObject();

 

              // 2 添加mapping

              PutMappingRequest mapping = Requests.putMappingRequest("blog4").type("article").source(builder);

             

              client.admin().indices().putMapping(mapping).get();

             

              // 3 关闭资源

              client.close();

       }

 

2)查看结果

 

 

申明:内容来自网络,仅供学习使用

 

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