docker安装MySQL

1、查找MySQL镜像：

docker search mysql 

root@lchHostName:~# docker search mysql 
NAME                                                   DESCRIPTION                                     STARS     OFFICIAL   AUTOMATED
mysql                                                  MySQL is a widely used, open-source relati...   7224      [OK]       
mariadb                                                MariaDB is a community-developed fork of M...   2314      [OK]       
mysql/mysql-server                                     Optimized MySQL Server Docker images. Crea...   534                  [OK]
zabbix/zabbix-server-mysql                             Zabbix Server with MySQL database support       136                  [OK]
hypriot/rpi-mysql                                      RPi-compatible Docker Image with Mysql          99                   
zabbix/zabbix-web-nginx-mysql                          Zabbix frontend based on Nginx web-server ...   74                   [OK]
centurylink/mysql                                      Image containing mysql. Optimized to be li...   59                   [OK]
1and1internet/ubuntu-16-nginx-php-phpmyadmin-mysql-5   ubuntu-16-nginx-php-phpmyadmin-mysql-5          48                   [OK]
centos/mysql-57-centos7                                MySQL 5.7 SQL database server                   39                   
mysql/mysql-cluster                                    Experimental MySQL Cluster Docker images. ...   33                   
tutum/mysql                                            Base docker image to run a MySQL database ...   31                   
schickling/mysql-backup-s3                             Backup MySQL to S3 (supports periodic back...   23                   [OK]
bitnami/mysql                                          Bitnami MySQL Docker Image                      19                   [OK]
linuxserver/mysql                                      A Mysql container, brought to you by Linux...   17                   
zabbix/zabbix-proxy-mysql                              Zabbix proxy with MySQL database support        16                   [OK]
centos/mysql-56-centos7                                MySQL 5.6 SQL database server                   10                   
circleci/mysql                                         MySQL is a widely used, open-source relati...   7                    
openshift/mysql-55-centos7                             DEPRECATED: A Centos7 based MySQL v5.5 ima...   6                    
mysql/mysql-router                                     MySQL Router provides transparent routing ...   5                    
dsteinkopf/backup-all-mysql                            backup all DBs in a mysql server                5                    [OK]
jelastic/mysql                                         An image of the MySQL database server main...   1                    
openzipkin/zipkin-mysql                                Mirror of https://quay.io/repository/openz...   1                    
cloudfoundry/cf-mysql-ci                               Image used in CI of cf-mysql-release            0                    
cloudposse/mysql                                       Improved `mysql` service with support for ...   0                    [OK]
ansibleplaybookbundle/mysql-apb                        An APB which deploys RHSCL MySQL                0                    [OK]
root@lchHostName:~# 

2、拉取仓库中的镜像：

docker pull mysql:5.6

3、运行容器：

root@lchHostName:~#  docker run -p 3306:3306 --name mymysql -v $PWD/conf:/etc/mysql/conf.d -v $PWD/logs:/logs -v $PWD/data:/var/lib/mysql -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=123456 -d mysql:5.6
Unable to find image 'mysql:5.6' locally

5.6: Pulling from library/mysql
f17d81b4b692: Already exists 
c691115e6ae9: Pull complete 
41544cb19235: Pull complete 
254d04f5f66d: Pull complete 
4fe240edfdc9: Pull complete 
b79c3b745cc6: Pull complete 
c6ebcbee59b1: Pull complete 
e9bb65297d95: Pull complete 
2a7c8492496e: Pull complete 
6af69434adbe: Pull complete 
54bc8b20381b: Pull complete 
Digest: sha256:b56c3109f09a90c045ebe991e085fcaab5008cd6dbb8ab5ad1d6101fc0f87fcf
Status: Downloaded newer image for mysql:5.6
50a9de172ac5742257180faec2f2a46d0450a9ee893c1736601bd7fe8f94946d
root@lchHostName:~# 

参数说明：

-p 3306:3306      将容器中的3306端口映射到主机的3306端口。

-v $PWD/conf:/etc/mysql/conf.d   将主机当前目录下的conf目录，挂载到容器的/etc/mysql/my.cnf

-v $PWD/data:/var/lib/mysql       将主机当前目录下的data目录挂载到容器的/var/lib/mysql目录下。

-e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=123456：初始化 root 用户的密码。