ThreadLocal简单使用案例

        业务场景：保存业务数据表的时候，同时记录下日志。

import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;


public class DBUtil {
    // 数据库配置
    private static final String driver = "com.mysql.jdbc.Driver";
    private static final String url = "jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test";
    private static final String username = "root";
    private static final String password = "root";
 
    private static Connection conn = null;
    
    public static Connection getDbConnection() {
        try {
            Class.forName(driver);
            conn = DriverManager.getConnection(url, username, password);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return conn;
    }

    // 关闭数据库连接
    public static void closeDbConnection() {
        try {
            if (conn != null) {
                conn.close();
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

import com.example.springboottest.util.DBUtil;

import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.PreparedStatement;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Date;

public class ThreadLocalTest3 {

    private static final String UPDATE_SQL = "update t_test set num = ? where id = ?";
    private static final String INSERT_SQL = "insert into log (id, desc) values (?, ?)";

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        ThreadLocalTest3 service = new ThreadLocalTest3();
        service.updateBusiness(1, 3000);
    }

    public void updateBusiness(int id, int num) {
        try {
            // 获取连接
            Connection conn = DBUtil.getDbConnection();
            conn.setAutoCommit(false); // 关闭自动提交事务（开启事务）
            // 执行操作
            updateBizData(conn, UPDATE_SQL, id, num);
            // 插入日志
            insertLog(conn, INSERT_SQL, "描述"); 
            // 提交事务
            conn.commit();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            // 关闭连接
            DBUtil.closeDbConnection();
        }
    }

    private void updateBizData(Connection conn, String updateSQL, int id, int num) throws Exception {
        PreparedStatement pstmt = conn.prepareStatement(updateSQL);
        pstmt.setInt(1, id);
        pstmt.setLong(2, num);
        int rows = pstmt.executeUpdate();
        if (rows != 0) {
            System.out.println("业务数据更新成功!");
        }
    }

    private void insertLog(Connection conn, String insertSQL, String desc) throws Exception {
        PreparedStatement pstmt = conn.prepareStatement(insertSQL);
        pstmt.setString(1, new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss SSS").format(new Date()));
        pstmt.setString(2, desc);
        int rows = pstmt.executeUpdate();
        if (rows != 0) {
            System.out.println("日志插入成功!");
        }
    }
}

        上面的代码直接运行肯定是没有问题的，但是如果在多线程下面去跑，就会报数据库连接关闭的错误。原因很简单，多线程下执行，可能一个线程刚获取到连接另一个线程就已经把连接关闭了，所以就会导致这样的问题，要解决这个问题，ThreaLocal就是一个很好的选择，只需要改调整下DBUtil里面获取连接的代码即可。如下代码所示：

import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.SQLException;


public class DBUtil {
    // 数据库配置
    private static final String driver = "com.mysql.jdbc.Driver";
    private static final String url = "jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test";
    private static final String username = "root";
    private static final String password = "root";
    private static ThreadLocal<Connection> connContainer = new ThreadLocal<Connection>(){
        //初始化connContainer里面的值，如果不重写则为null；
        @Override
        protected Connection initialValue() {
            try {
                Class.forName(driver);
                return  DriverManager.getConnection(url, username, password);
            } catch (SQLException e) {
                throw new RuntimeException(e);
            }
        }
    };
    // 获取连接
    public static Connection getDbConnection() {
        Connection conn = connContainer.get();
        try {
            if (conn == null) {
                Class.forName(driver);
                conn = DriverManager.getConnection(url, username, password);
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            connContainer.set(conn);
        }
        return conn;
    }
    // 关闭连接
    public static void closeDbConnection() {
        Connection conn = connContainer.get();
        try {
            if (conn != null) {
                conn.close();
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            connContainer.remove();
        }
    }
}