生成树协议STP

STP生成树理论#

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STP实验

实验需求：

1、将交换机所有互联接口配置为trunk，保证pc之间的通信

2、将三台交换机生成树模式修改为stp，修改优先级，并找出阻塞端口

[Huawei]stp mode stp

[Huawei]stp priority 4096

3、断掉任意交换端口，不会影响pc之间通信，延时大概为30s4、修改优先级，指定sw6为根桥，抓包查看网桥优先级变化过程

eNSP拓扑图

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PC配置

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交换机配置

SW1

[Huawei]sysname SW1
[SW1]vlan 10
[SW1-vlan10]q
[SW1]inter g0/0/24
[SW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/24]port link-type access
[SW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/24]port de	
[SW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/24]port default vlan 10
[SW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/24]q
[SW1]inter g0/0/1
[SW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]port link-type trunk
[SW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]p t a v 10
[SW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]q
[SW1]inter g0/0/2
[SW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]p l t
[SW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]p t a v 10
[SW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]int g0/0/3
[SW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]p l t
[SW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]p t a v 10
[SW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]q
[SW1]dis stp brief
[SW1]stp priority 4096

SW2

[Huawei]sysname SW2
[SW2]vlan 10
[SW2-vlan10]q
[SW2]inter g0/0/24
[SW2-GigabitEthernet0/0/24]p l a
[SW2-GigabitEthernet0/0/24]p d v 10
[SW2-GigabitEthernet0/0/24]q
[SW2]inter g0/0/1
[SW2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]p l t
[SW2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]p t a v 10
[SW2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]q
[SW2]int g0/0/2
[SW2-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]p l t
[SW2-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]p t a v 10
[SW2-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]q
[SW2]int g0/0/4
[SW2-GigabitEthernet0/0/4]p l t
[SW2-GigabitEthernet0/0/4]p t a v 10
[SW2-GigabitEthernet0/0/4]q
[SW2]stp mode stp
Info: This operation may take a few seconds. Please wait for a moment...done.
[SW2]stp priority 8192

SW3

[Huawei]sysname SW3
[SW3]vlan 10
[SW3-vlan10]q
[SW3]inter g0/0/3
[SW3-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]p l t
[SW3-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]p t a v 10
[SW3-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]q
[SW3]inter g0/0/4
[SW3-GigabitEthernet0/0/4]p l t 
[SW3-GigabitEthernet0/0/4]p t a v 10
[SW3-GigabitEthernet0/0/4]q
[SW3]stp mode stp
Info: This operation may take a few seconds. Please wait for a moment...done.

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验证配置

SW1（看STP模式）

[SW1]dis stp
-------[CIST Global Info][Mode STP]-------
CIST Bridge         :4096 .4c1f-ccb8-78c5
Config Times        :Hello 2s MaxAge 20s FwDly 15s MaxHop 20
Active Times        :Hello 2s MaxAge 20s FwDly 15s MaxHop 20
CIST Root/ERPC      :4096 .4c1f-ccb8-78c5 / 0
CIST RegRoot/IRPC   :4096 .4c1f-ccb8-78c5 / 0
CIST RootPortId     :0.0
BPDU-Protection     :Disabled
TC or TCN received  :51
TC count per hello  :0
STP Converge Mode   :Normal 
Time since last TC  :0 days 0h:0m:11s
Number of TC        :12
Last TC occurred    :GigabitEthernet0/0/2

SW2（查看堵塞端口，Role为ALTE）

[SW2]dis stp brief
 MSTID  Port                        Role  STP State     Protection
   0    GigabitEthernet0/0/1        ROOT  FORWARDING      NONE
   0    GigabitEthernet0/0/2        ALTE  DISCARDING      NONE
   0    GigabitEthernet0/0/4        DESI  FORWARDING      NONE
   0    GigabitEthernet0/0/24       DESI  FORWARDING      NONE

SW3（查看堵塞端口，Role为ALTE）

[SW3]dis stp brief 
 MSTID  Port                        Role  STP State     Protection
   0    GigabitEthernet0/0/3        ROOT  FORWARDING      NONE
   0    GigabitEthernet0/0/4        ALTE  DISCARDING      NONE

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抓包#

PC1 ping PC2 -t（一直Ping）

PC>ping 192.168.1.2 -t

Ping 192.168.1.2: 32 data bytes, Press Ctrl_C to break
From 192.168.1.2: bytes=32 seq=36 ttl=128 time=79 ms
From 192.168.1.2: bytes=32 seq=37 ttl=128 time=46 ms
From 192.168.1.2: bytes=32 seq=38 ttl=128 time=94 ms
From 192.168.1.2: bytes=32 seq=39 ttl=128 time=32 ms
From 192.168.1.2: bytes=32 seq=40 ttl=128 time=78 ms
From 192.168.1.2: bytes=32 seq=41 ttl=128 time=47 ms
Request timeout!
Request timeout!
Request timeout!
Request timeout!
Request timeout!
Request timeout!
From 192.168.1.2: bytes=32 seq=101 ttl=128 time=47 ms
From 192.168.1.2: bytes=32 seq=102 ttl=128 time=78 ms
From 192.168.1.2: bytes=32 seq=103 ttl=128 time=47 ms
From 192.168.1.2: bytes=32 seq=104 ttl=128 time=109 ms
From 192.168.1.2: bytes=32 seq=105 ttl=128 time=62 ms
From 192.168.1.2: bytes=32 seq=106 ttl=128 time=79 ms

PIng的时候我们更改SW2为根网桥

[SW2]stp priority 0

就会出现上面的ping通后又ping不通，后面又ping通