新建Servlet应用

使用servlet之前需先添加tomcat服务器：
IDEA之配置和使用Tomcat

引入依赖

在pom.xml中添加Servlet依赖包

<!-- servlet依赖的jar包start -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
      <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
      <version>3.1.0</version>
    </dependency>
    <!-- servlet依赖的jar包start -->
    <!-- jsp依赖jar包start -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
      <artifactId>javax.servlet.jsp-api</artifactId>
      <version>2.3.1</version>
    </dependency>
    <!-- jsp依赖jar包end -->
    <!--jstl标签依赖的jar包start -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
      <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
      <version>1.2</version>
    </dependency>
    <!--jstl标签依赖的jar包end -->

Servlet样例

编写servlet源文件

package com.tung.servlet;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;

public class HelloServlet extends HttpServlet {
    private String message;

    //初始化方法
    @Override
    public void init() throws ServletException {
        message = "Why so serious?!";
    }

    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        //设置响应内容类型
        response.setContentType("text/html");

        //设置逻辑实现
        PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();
        out.println("<h1>" + message + "</h1>");
    }

    @Override
    public void destroy() {
        super.destroy();
    }
}

部署Servlet

配置文件中部署

在webapp文档下的web.xml中部署Servlet

<!DOCTYPE web-app PUBLIC
 "-//Sun Microsystems, Inc.//DTD Web Application 2.3//EN"
 "http://java.sun.com/dtd/web-app_2_3.dtd" >

<web-app>
  <display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name>
  <servlet>
    <servlet-name>HelloServlet</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>com.tung.servlet.HelloServlet</servlet-class>
  </servlet>

  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>HelloServlet</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/Hello</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>
</web-app>

注解部署

在HelloServlet前添加注解

@WebServlet("/Hello")

运行结果

启动服务器，访问对应路径，结果如下：