servlet 的使用和创建

使用Maven 下载servlet-api包到仓库

在project内，写入： 

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
            <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
            <version>4.0.1</version>
            <scope>provided</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

在maven仓库内有的话会自动导入，没有的话点击刷新，进行下载

 下载成功后，在src目录下的main目录下创建一个java目录  ----  然后标记为源码

之后在其中创建站点，或者随便一个目录都行 ---  

在里面创建java项目 --- 然后继承HttpServlet 并且重写里面的doGet和doPost方法 

package com.servlet;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;

public class HelloServlet extends HttpServlet {
    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        super.doGet(req,resp);
    }

    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        super.doPost(req, resp);
    }
}

我们再进一步测试

package com.servlet;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;

public class HelloServlet extends HttpServlet {
    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        PrintWriter writer =  resp.getWriter();
        writer.print("<h1>Hello,Servlet</h1>");
    }

    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        super.doPost(req, resp);
    }
}

这样就保证到时候创建时，能显示出Hello，Servlet

现在找到main/webapp/WEB-INF/web.xml文件，并且打开

 删除掉全部，替换如下

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee
                         http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"
         version="4.0"
         metadata-complete="true">

    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>hello</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>com.servlet.HelloServlet</servlet-class>
    </servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>hello</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/hello</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>

</web-app>

值得注意的地方是<servlet>内是java文件包地址，<servlet-mapping>内多为访问路径

 之后打开Tomcat进入到网页，在url下添加hello，即可访问