最 近需要修改一个管理系统，一段用到insertAdjacentHTML的javascript代码有奇怪的表现，最后在论坛上得到答案是管理系统的 HTML代码没有遵守标签嵌套规则，具体是以前的代码中在ul标签下嵌套了div，但这是不允许的，根据嵌套规则，ul中只能嵌套li标签，在li标签中 可以嵌套div标签。
在http://www.cs.tut.fi/~jkorpela/html/nesting.html找到了一份很明了的嵌套规则，贴在下面：
Allowed nesting of elements in HTML 4 (and XHTML 1.0)
Legend
- An uppercase word stands for the corresponding element. (Note that by XHTML rules, element names must be written in lower case, e.g.
<html>, not<HTML>.) - A lowercase word is a term which describes a collection of HTML elements.
- Each entry is followed by a list of elements which may appear within the elements specified by the entry. If there is no such list, no nested elements are allowed. This means that only text (#PCDATA, see next item) is allowed inside the element; but if the note (empty) is given, it means that no content whatsoever is allowed. However, for flow , inline , block , OBJECT , and BODY the allowed contents are described separately under the main entries for them.
- #PCDATA means "parsed character data", which is plain text (without HTML tags, but "escape sequences " such as
äandäare allowed) - CDATA means "character data", which is plain text where even "escape sequences" aren't interpreted; for a much better explanation, see the article CDATA Confusion by Joe English
- excluding ... means that the element must not contain any of the listed elements, directly or indirectly.
Nesting rules for HTML 4.01 Transitional
HTML
- HEAD
- TITLE (required)
- SCRIPT, STYLE
- CDATA
- ISINDEX, BASE, META, LINK (empty)
- OBJECT (see content model below)
- BODY
- INS, DEL (special rules apply)
- flow
- flow
- block
- P, H1, H2, H3, H4, H5, H6
- inline
- UL, OL
- LI
- flow
- LI
- DIR, MENU
- LI
- inline exluding block
- LI
- DL
- DT
- inline
- DD
- flow
- DT
- PRE
- inline excluding IMG, OBJECT, APPLET, BIG, SMALL, SUB, SUP, FONT, BASEFONT
- DIV, CENTER, BLOCKQUOTE, IFRAME
- flow
- NOSCRIPT
- flow
- NOFRAMES
- flow
- FORM
- flow excluding an enclosed FORM
- ISINDEX, HR (empty)
- TABLE
- CAPTION
- inline
- COLGROUP
- COL (empty)
- COL (empty)
- THEAD, TBODY, TBODY
- TR
- TH, TD
- flow
- TH, TD
- TR
- CAPTION
- ADDRESS
- inline
- P
- inline
- FIELDSET
- #PCDATA
- flow
- LEGEND
- inline
- P, H1, H2, H3, H4, H5, H6
- inline
- #PCDATA
- TT, I, B, U, S, STRIKE, BIG, SMALL, FONT, EM, STRONG, DFN, CODE, SAMP, KBD, VAR, CITE, ABBR, ACRONYM, SUB, SUP, Q, SPAN, BDO
- inline
- A
- inline excluding an enclosed A element
- OBJECT , APPLET
- PARAM (empty)
- flow
- IMG, BASEFONT, BR (empty)
- SCRIPT
- CDATA
- MAP
- AREA (empty)
- block
- INPUT (empty)
- SELECT
- OPTGROUP
- OPTION
- OPTION
- OPTGROUP
- TEXTAREA
- LABEL
- LABEL excluding enclosed LABEL
- BUTTON
- flow excluding A, INPUT, SELECT, TEXTAREA, LABEL, BUTTON, FORM, ISINDEX, FIELDSET, IFRAME
- block
- INS, DEL (special rules apply)
Nesting rules for HTML 4.01 Frameset
HTML
- HEAD (content model as above)
- FRAMESET
- FRAMESET (note recursion)
- FRAME (empty)
- NOFRAMES
- BODY (see content model above) excluding NOFRAMES
In HTML 4.01 Frameset, the content model for NOFRAMES applies inside the BODY too, instead of the content model for NOFRAMES in HTML 4.01 Transitional.
The information here is based on the DTDs, basically the transitional DTD , in the 1999-12-24 version of the HTML 4.01 Specification .
Note that XHTML 1.0 is, as its subtitle says, "A Reformulation of HTML 4 in XML 1.0", so the nesting rules are the same as in HTML 4.01. However, there are the following differences that affect the nesting rules:
- The content of
scriptandstyleelements is CDATA in HTML 4 but #PCDATA in XHTML. - In XHTML, a
tableelement may have atrelement as its direct constituent. In HTML 4.01, that's not allowed, but note that since the start and end tags of atbodyelement are omissible in HTML 4.01, this is not a big difference. However, note that when atableelement directly contains atrelement, an interveningtbodyelement is implied by HTML 4.01 rules but not by XHTML rules, and this matters e.g. when you have a style sheet which usestbodyas a selector.
Moreover, some of the restrictions on nesting are expressed differently; due to metalanguage differences, some limitations are described in prose only in the XHTML specification, and this implies that a validator will not catch such violations of the limitations when validating against XHTML DOCTYPE but will catch them when an HTML DOCTYPE is used. See section Differences with HTML 4 in the XHTML 1.0 Specification .
Date of last update: 2001-04-06
Interested in related documents? See a list of documents about WWW written or recommended by me.
Specifically, this document has a sister: Allowed nesting of elements in HTML 4 Strict (and XHTML 1.0 Strict) , which describes the rules for the Strict versions, which include all elements and attributes that have not been deprecated or do not appear in frameset documents.
Jukka Korpela .
558
被折叠的 条评论
为什么被折叠?
到【灌水乐园】发言
