Android常用的存储数据方式(四) —— Content providers

例子：利用ContentProvider 对 SQLite 数据库进行增删改查操作，见下图：

项目结构：

MyDatabaseOpenHelper.java 定义SQLite数据库

public class MyDatabaseOpenHelper extends SQLiteOpenHelper {
    //database name
    private static final String DB_NAME =  "jereTest.db";
    //database version
    private static final int DB_VERSION = 1;

    //table name
    public static final String TABLE_USER = "user";
    public static final String TABLE_SCORE = "score";

    //user table columns
    public static final String USER_ID = "_id";
    public static final String USER_NAME = "name";
    public static final String USER_AGE = "age";
    public static final String USER_HEIGHT = "height";
    public static final String USER_ADDRESS = "address";

    public static final String[] USER_ALL_COLUMNS = new String[] {
            USER_ID,
            USER_NAME,
            USER_AGE,
            USER_HEIGHT,
            USER_ADDRESS
    };

    //score table columns
    public static final String SCORE_ID = "_id";
    public static final String SCORE_STUDENT_NAME = "name";
    public static final String SCORE_MATH = "math";
    public static final String SCORE_CHINESE = "chinese";
    public static final String SCORE_ENGLISH = "english";
    public static final String SCORE_SCIENCE = "science";

    public static final String[] SCORE_ALL_COLUMNS = new String[] {
            SCORE_ID,
            SCORE_STUDENT_NAME,
            SCORE_MATH,
            SCORE_CHINESE,
            SCORE_ENGLISH,
            SCORE_SCIENCE
    };

    //create user table sql
    private static final String CREATE_USER_TABLE = "create table " + TABLE_USER + "(" + USER_ID
            + " INTEGER PRIMARY KEY AUTOINCREMENT, " + USER_NAME + " TEXT, " + USER_AGE + " INT, "
            + USER_HEIGHT + " INT, " + USER_ADDRESS + " TEXT);";

    //create work table sq;
    private static final String CREATE_SCORE_TABLE = "create table " + TABLE_SCORE + "("
            + SCORE_ID + " INTEGER PRIMARY KEY AUTOINCREMENT, " + SCORE_STUDENT_NAME + " TEXT, " + SCORE_MATH + " INT, " + SCORE_CHINESE
            + " INT, " + SCORE_ENGLISH + " INT, " + SCORE_SCIENCE + " INT);";

    public MyDatabaseOpenHelper(Context context) {
        super(context, DB_NAME, null, DB_VERSION);
    }

    @Override
    public void onCreate(SQLiteDatabase db) {
        db.execSQL(CREATE_USER_TABLE);
        db.execSQL(CREATE_SCORE_TABLE);
    }

    @Override
    public void onUpgrade(SQLiteDatabase db, int oldVersion, int newVersion) {
        db.execSQL("DROP TABLE IF EXISTS " + TABLE_USER);
        db.execSQL("DROP TABLE IF EXISTS " + TABLE_SCORE);
        onCreate(db);
    }
}

MyContentProvider定义我们的ContentProvider

package com.jere.android_contentprovider_learning;

import android.content.ContentProvider;
import android.content.ContentUris;
import android.content.ContentValues;
import android.content.UriMatcher;
import android.database.Cursor;
import android.database.sqlite.SQLiteDatabase;
import android.database.sqlite.SQLiteException;
import android.net.Uri;

import androidx.annotation.NonNull;
import androidx.annotation.Nullable;

/**
 * @author jere
 */
public class MyContentProvider extends ContentProvider {
    private static final String AUTHORITY = "com.jere.android_contentprovider_learning";
    public static final Uri USER_TABLE_CONTENT_URI = Uri.parse("content://" + AUTHORITY + "/" + MyDatabaseOpenHelper.TABLE_USER);
    public static final Uri SCORE_TABLE_CONTENT_URI = Uri.parse("content://" + AUTHORITY + "/" + MyDatabaseOpenHelper.TABLE_SCORE);

    public static final int USER_TABLE_CODE = 1;
    public static final int SCORE_TABLE_CODE = 2;

    private static final UriMatcher uriMatch = new UriMatcher(UriMatcher.NO_MATCH);
    static {
        uriMatch.addURI(AUTHORITY, MyDatabaseOpenHelper.TABLE_USER, USER_TABLE_CODE);
        uriMatch.addURI(AUTHORITY, MyDatabaseOpenHelper.TABLE_SCORE, SCORE_TABLE_CODE);
    }

    private SQLiteDatabase sqLiteDatabase;

    /**
     * 创建 ContentProvider
     *
     * @return 如果成功加载provider会返回true, 否则返回false
     */
    @Override
    public boolean onCreate() {
        MyDatabaseOpenHelper myDatabaseOpenHelper = new MyDatabaseOpenHelper(getContext());
        sqLiteDatabase = myDatabaseOpenHelper.getWritableDatabase();
        return sqLiteDatabase != null;
    }

    @Nullable
    @Override
    public Cursor query(@NonNull Uri uri, @Nullable String[] projection, @Nullable String selection, @Nullable String[] selectionArgs, @Nullable String sortOrder) {
        Cursor cursor = null;
        switch (uriMatch.match(uri)) {
            case USER_TABLE_CODE:
                cursor = sqLiteDatabase.query(MyDatabaseOpenHelper.TABLE_USER,
                        MyDatabaseOpenHelper.USER_ALL_COLUMNS,
                        selection,
                        selectionArgs,
                        sortOrder,
                        null, null);
                break;
            case SCORE_TABLE_CODE:
                cursor = sqLiteDatabase.query(MyDatabaseOpenHelper.TABLE_SCORE,
                        MyDatabaseOpenHelper.SCORE_ALL_COLUMNS,
                        selection,
                        selectionArgs,
                        sortOrder,
                        null, null);
                break;
            default:
                throw new IllegalArgumentException("unKnow uri : " + uri);
        }
        return cursor;
    }

    @Nullable
    @Override
    public String getType(@NonNull Uri uri) {
        return null;
    }

    @Nullable
    @Override
    public Uri insert(@NonNull Uri uri, @Nullable ContentValues values) {
        String tableName = getTableNameByUri(uri);
        long rowId = sqLiteDatabase.insert(tableName, "" , values);
        if (rowId > 0) {
            Uri uri1 = ContentUris.withAppendedId(USER_TABLE_CONTENT_URI, rowId);
            getContext().getContentResolver().notifyChange(uri1, null);
            return uri1;
        }
        throw new SQLiteException("failed to add a record into: " + uri);
    }

    @Override
    public int delete(@NonNull Uri uri, @Nullable String selection, @Nullable String[] selectionArgs) {
        int count = 0;
        switch (uriMatch.match(uri)) {
            case USER_TABLE_CODE:
                count = sqLiteDatabase.delete(MyDatabaseOpenHelper.TABLE_USER, selection, selectionArgs);
                break;
            case SCORE_TABLE_CODE:
                count = sqLiteDatabase.delete(MyDatabaseOpenHelper.TABLE_SCORE, selection, selectionArgs);
                break;
            default:
                throw new IllegalArgumentException("unknow uri: " + uri);
        }
        return count;
    }

    @Override
    public int update(@NonNull Uri uri, @Nullable ContentValues values,
                      @Nullable String selection, @Nullable String[] selectionArgs) {
        int count = 0;
        switch (uriMatch.match(uri)) {
            case USER_TABLE_CODE:
                count = sqLiteDatabase.update(MyDatabaseOpenHelper.TABLE_USER, values, selection, selectionArgs);
                break;
            case SCORE_TABLE_CODE:
                count = sqLiteDatabase.update(MyDatabaseOpenHelper.TABLE_SCORE, values, selection, selectionArgs);
                break;
            default:
                throw new IllegalArgumentException("unknow uri: " + uri);
        }

        return count;
    }

    private String getTableNameByUri(Uri uri) {
        String tableName;
        switch (uriMatch.match(uri)) {
            case USER_TABLE_CODE:
                tableName = MyDatabaseOpenHelper.TABLE_USER;
                break;
            case SCORE_TABLE_CODE:
                tableName = MyDatabaseOpenHelper.TABLE_SCORE;
                break;
            default:
                throw new IllegalArgumentException("unknow uri: " + uri);
        }
        return tableName;
    }
}

MainActivity.java 

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements View.OnClickListener {

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

        initLayout();

    }

    private void initLayout() {
        Button insertBtn = findViewById(R.id.insert_btn);
        Button updateBtn = findViewById(R.id.update_btn);
        Button deleteBtn = findViewById(R.id.delete_btn);
        Button queryBtn = findViewById(R.id.query_btn);
        Button insertScoreBtn = findViewById(R.id.insert_score_btn);
        Button queryScoreBtn = findViewById(R.id.query_score_btn);
        insertBtn.setOnClickListener(this);
        updateBtn.setOnClickListener(this);
        deleteBtn.setOnClickListener(this);
        queryBtn.setOnClickListener(this);
        insertScoreBtn.setOnClickListener(this);
        queryScoreBtn.setOnClickListener(this);
    }

    @Override
    public void onClick(View v) {
        switch (v.getId()) {
            case R.id.insert_btn:
                ContentValues values = new ContentValues();
                values.put(MyDatabaseOpenHelper.USER_NAME, "JereChen");
                values.put(MyDatabaseOpenHelper.USER_AGE, "24");
                values.put(MyDatabaseOpenHelper.USER_HEIGHT, "150");
                values.put(MyDatabaseOpenHelper.USER_ADDRESS, "China HZ");
                getContentResolver().insert(MyContentProvider.USER_TABLE_CONTENT_URI, values);
                break;
            case R.id.update_btn:
                ContentValues updateValue = new ContentValues();
                updateValue.put(MyDatabaseOpenHelper.USER_NAME, "Jere");
                updateValue.put(MyDatabaseOpenHelper.USER_AGE, "10000000");
                getContentResolver().update(MyContentProvider.USER_TABLE_CONTENT_URI,
                        updateValue,
                        MyDatabaseOpenHelper.USER_NAME + "=? ",
                        new String[]{"JereChen"});
                break;
            case R.id.delete_btn:
                getContentResolver().delete(MyContentProvider.USER_TABLE_CONTENT_URI,
                        MyDatabaseOpenHelper.USER_NAME + "=? ",
                        new String[]{"Jere"});
                break;
            case R.id.query_btn:
                Cursor cursor = getContentResolver().query(MyContentProvider.USER_TABLE_CONTENT_URI,
                        MyDatabaseOpenHelper.USER_ALL_COLUMNS,
                        null, null, null);
                StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
                if (cursor != null) {
                    while (cursor.moveToNext()) {
                        String name = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex(MyDatabaseOpenHelper.USER_NAME));
                        int age = cursor.getInt(cursor.getColumnIndex(MyDatabaseOpenHelper.USER_AGE));
                        int height = cursor.getInt(cursor.getColumnIndex(MyDatabaseOpenHelper.USER_HEIGHT));
                        String address = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex(MyDatabaseOpenHelper.USER_ADDRESS));
                        sb.append("name:").append(name).append(" ")
                                .append("age:").append(age).append(" ")
                                .append("height:").append(height).append(" ")
                                .append("address:").append(address).append(" ")
                                .append("\n");
                    }
                    cursor.close();
                }

                TextView userTableTv = findViewById(R.id.user_table_tv);
                userTableTv.setText(sb.toString());
                break;
            case R.id.insert_score_btn:
                ContentValues scoreValues = new ContentValues();
                scoreValues.put(MyDatabaseOpenHelper.SCORE_STUDENT_NAME, "JereChen");
                scoreValues.put(MyDatabaseOpenHelper.SCORE_MATH, 100);
                scoreValues.put(MyDatabaseOpenHelper.SCORE_ENGLISH, 80);
                scoreValues.put(MyDatabaseOpenHelper.SCORE_CHINESE, 60);
                scoreValues.put(MyDatabaseOpenHelper.SCORE_SCIENCE, 100);
                getContentResolver().insert(MyContentProvider.SCORE_TABLE_CONTENT_URI, scoreValues);
                break;
            case R.id.query_score_btn:
                Cursor queryScoreCursor = getContentResolver().query(MyContentProvider.SCORE_TABLE_CONTENT_URI,
                        MyDatabaseOpenHelper.SCORE_ALL_COLUMNS,
                        MyDatabaseOpenHelper.SCORE_STUDENT_NAME + "=? ",
                        new String[] {"JereChen"},
                        null);
                StringBuilder scoreSb = new StringBuilder();
                if (queryScoreCursor != null) {
                    while(queryScoreCursor.moveToNext()) {
                        String name = queryScoreCursor.getString(queryScoreCursor.getColumnIndex(MyDatabaseOpenHelper.SCORE_STUDENT_NAME));
                        int math = queryScoreCursor.getInt(queryScoreCursor.getColumnIndex(MyDatabaseOpenHelper.SCORE_MATH));
                        int english = queryScoreCursor.getInt(queryScoreCursor.getColumnIndex(MyDatabaseOpenHelper.SCORE_ENGLISH));
                        int chinese = queryScoreCursor.getInt(queryScoreCursor.getColumnIndex(MyDatabaseOpenHelper.SCORE_CHINESE));
                        int science = queryScoreCursor.getInt(queryScoreCursor.getColumnIndex(MyDatabaseOpenHelper.SCORE_SCIENCE));
                        scoreSb.append("name:").append(name).append(" ")
                                .append("math:").append(math).append(" ")
                                .append("english:").append(english).append(" ")
                                .append("chinese:").append(chinese).append(" ")
                                .append("science:").append(science).append(" ")
                                .append("\n");
                    }
                    queryScoreCursor.close();
                }
                TextView scoreTableTv = findViewById(R.id.score_table_tv);
                scoreTableTv.setText(scoreSb.toString());
                break;
            default:
                break;
        }
    }
}

 

完整例子见 -> https://github.com/JereChen11/Android_ContentProvider_Learning