Android定义常量的三种方式

Class定义常量

public class Constant {

    public static final int SUNDAY = 0;
    public static final int MONDAY = 1;
    public static final int TUESDAY = 2;
    public static final int WEDNESDAY = 3;
    public static final int THURSDAY = 4;
    public static final int FRIDAY = 5;
    public static final int SATURDAY = 6;
}

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        printDay(Constant.FRIDAY);
    }

    private void printDay(int value){
        System.out.println(value);
    }
}

Enum定义常量

public class Constant {
    
    public enum WeekDays {
        SUNDAY, MONDAY, TUESDAY, WEDNESDAY, THURSDAY, FRIDAY, SATURDAY
    }
}

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        printDay(Constant.WeekDays.FRIDAY);
    }

    private void printDay(Constant.WeekDays value){
        System.out.println(value);
    }
}

Annotation定义常量

public class Constant {

    @IntDef({
            WeekDays.SUNDAY,
            WeekDays.MONDAY,
            WeekDays.TUESDAY,
            WeekDays.WEDNESDAY,
            WeekDays.THURSDAY,
            WeekDays.FRIDAY,
            WeekDays.SATURDAY
    })
    @Retention(RetentionPolicy.SOURCE)
    public @interface WeekDays{

        int SUNDAY = 0;
        int MONDAY = 1;
        int TUESDAY = 2;
        int WEDNESDAY = 3;
        int THURSDAY = 4;
        int FRIDAY = 5;
        int SATURDAY = 6;
    }
}

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        
        printDay(Constant.WeekDays.FRIDAY);
    }

	//可以通过注解入参做非法输入值的校验
    private void printDay(@Constant.WeekDays int value){
        System.out.println(value);
    }
}

对比

1. Enum定义常量相对于Class定义常量能够将常量进行分组；
2. Annotation定义常量相比于Enum定义常量不仅可以通过@Retention注解使得注解在源文件有效，不参与编译消耗内存空间而且通过Android中的@IntDef注解还可做入参非法输入值的校验。

Tip

1. switch下使用@IntDef注解的tip