2.3 数据结构-数据类型

# coding=utf-8

__author__ = 'liuyb'


#########
# tuple #
#########

# 元组
def fuc_tuple():
    # 元组定义
    t = 12345, 54321, "hello"
    print t
    # 元组是可嵌套的
    u = t, (1, 2, 3, 4, 5)
    print u
    # 元组是不可变的
    # t[0] = 888

    # 单元元组可以包含可变对象
    v = ([1, 2, 3], [3, 2, 1])
    print v
    print v[0]
    # 元组的长度
    print len(t)
    # list和tuple区别
    t = "hello"
    t1 = "hello",
    print t
    print t1
    # 定义
    x, y, z = t


########
# sets #
########

# 集，无序，无重复
# sets 标准操作
def fuc_sets_stander():
    a = set('abracadabra')
    b = set('alacazam')
    print a
    print b
    # 求差集
    print a - b
    # 并集
    print a | b
    # 交集
    print a & b
    # 对称差集（元素在a或b中，但不会同时出现在二者之间）
    print a ^ b


def fuc_sets_operate():
    a = set('abracadabra')
    b = set('alacazam')

    a.add("x")
    print a
    a.update(["1", "2", "3"])
    print a
    a.remove("1")
    print a
    print "len of a is :", len(a)
    print "'3' in a is:", "3" in a


########
# 字典 #
########
def fuc_dict_stander():
    person = {"name":"pony", "sex":"man"}
    person["age"] = "20"
    print person
    print person["name"]

    del person["sex"]
    print person

    print person.keys()

    print "name" in person


# list转字典
def fuc_dict_list():
    return dict([("name","bob"), ("sex", "man")])


# tuple转字典
def fuc_dict_tuple():
    return dict(sape = 1234, guido = 2345, jack = 3456)


# 字典解析
def fuc_dict_for():
    return {x : x**2 for x in range(2, 7, 2)}



###########
# 循环技术 #
###########

# enumerate() 获取索引和对应的值
def fuc_enumerate():
    for k , v in enumerate(["tic", "tac", "tbc"]):
        print k , v



# iteritems() 获取字典的索引和对应的值
def fuc_iteritems():
    knights = {'gallahad': 'the pure', 'robin': 'the brave'}
    for k, v in knights.iteritems():
        print k, v



# zip() 同事遍历两个或以上的参数列表
def fuc_zip():
    questions = ['name', 'quest', 'favorite color']
    answers = ['TOM', 'the holy grail', 'blue']
    for q, a in zip(questions, answers):
        print "what is your {0}? It is {1}." .format(q, a)



# reversed() 取相反的序列
def fuc_reversed():
    for i in reversed(xrange(1, 10 , 2)):
        print i


# sorted() 序列排序,从小到大
def fuc_sorted():
    basket = ['apple', 'orange', 'apple', 'pear', 'orange', 'banana']
    for f in sorted(set(basket)):
        print f



# sorted（reverse = True） 顺序排列，从大到小
def fuc_sorted_reverse():
    basket = ['apple', 'orange', 'apple', 'pear', 'orange', 'banana']
    for f in sorted(set(basket),reverse=True):
        print f

if __name__=="__main__":
    print fuc_iteritems()