通过Socket来模拟Http交互过程

通过前一章的学习，我们基本了解了Http协议，本章将通过具体实例来演示一下Http的交互，在这之前，有必要了解一下Socket.套接字是网络连接的一个端点。要通过互联网进行通信，至少需要一对套接字一个运行于客户端，另一个运行于服务器端.在java中分别用java.net.Socket和java.net.ServerSokcet来创建

客户端socket可以通过

public Socket(java.lang.String host,int port)

来创建，一旦成功创建了一个Socket类的实例，我们就可以使用它来发送和接受字节流.ServerSocket和Socket不同，它是用来等待客户端的连接请求。一旦服务器套接字获得一个连接请求，它将创建一个Socket实例来与客户端进行通信。服务端ServerSocket可以通过

public ServerSokcet(int port,int backLog,InetAddress bindingAddress)

来创建,一旦成功创建了ServerSocket实例，那么它就在所绑定地址的端口等待传入的连接请求，我们可以通过调用ServerSocket类的accept方法做到这点，这个方法只会在有连接请求时才会返回，并且返回一个Socket类的实例.

了解了上面的基础知识后，我们开始用Socket来实现Http交互过程

public class Request {
	private InputStream input;
	private String uri;

	public InputStream getInput() {
		return input;
	}

	public void setInput(InputStream input) {
		this.input = input;
	}

	public String getUri() {
		return uri;
	}

	public void setUri(String uri) {
		this.uri = uri;
	}

	public Request(InputStream input) {
		this.input = input;
	}
	public void parse(){
		StringBuffer request=new StringBuffer(2048);
		int i;
		byte[]buffer=new byte[2048];
		try{
			i=input.read(buffer);
		}catch(IOException e){
			e.printStackTrace();
			i=-1;
		}
		for(int j=0;j<i;j++){
			request.append((char)buffer[j]);
		}
		System.out.println(request.toString());
		uri=parseUri(request.toString());
	}
	private String parseUri(String requestString){
		int index1,index2;
		index1=requestString.indexOf(' ');
		if(index1!=-1){
			index2=requestString.indexOf(' ',index1+1);
			if(index2>index1){
				return requestString.substring(index1+1,index2);
			}
		}
		return null;
	}
}

public class Response {
	private Request request;
	private OutputStream output;
	private static final int BUFFER_SIZE = 1024;

	public Request getRequest() {
		return request;
	}

	public void setRequest(Request request) {
		this.request = request;
	}

	public OutputStream getOutput() {
		return output;
	}

	public void setOutput(OutputStream output) {
		this.output = output;
	}

	public Response(OutputStream output) {
		this.output = output;
	}

	public void sendStaticResource() throws IOException {
		byte[] bytes = new byte[BUFFER_SIZE];
		FileInputStream fis = null;
		try {
			File file = new File(HttpServer.WEB_ROOT, request.getUri());
			if (file.exists()) {
				fis = new FileInputStream(file);
				int ch = fis.read(bytes, 0, BUFFER_SIZE);
				while (ch != -1) {
					output.write(bytes, 0, ch);
					ch = fis.read(bytes, 0, BUFFER_SIZE);
				}
			} else {
				String errorMessage = "HTTP/1.1 404 File Not Found\r\n"
						+ "Content-Type:text/html\r\n"
						+ "Content-Length:23\r\n" + "\r\n"
						+ "<h1>File Not Found</h1>";
				output.write(errorMessage.getBytes());
			}
		} catch (Exception e) {

		}finally{
			if(fis!=null)
				fis.close();
		}
	}
}

public class HttpServer {

	private boolean shutdown=false;
	private static final String SHUTDOWN_COMMAND="/SHUTDOWN";
	public static final String WEB_ROOT=System.getProperty("user.dir")+File.separator+"webroot";
	/**
	 * @param args
	 */
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		HttpServer server=new HttpServer();
		server.await();
	}
	public void await(){
		ServerSocket serverSokcet=null;
		int port=8080;
		try {
			serverSokcet=new ServerSocket(port,1,InetAddress.getByName("127.0.0.1"));
		} catch (Exception e) {
			System.exit(1);
		}
		while(!shutdown){
			Socket socket=null;
			InputStream input=null;
			OutputStream output=null;
			try {
				socket=serverSokcet.accept();
				input=socket.getInputStream();
				output=socket.getOutputStream();
				Request request=new Request(input);
				request.parse();
				Response response=new Response(output);
				response.setRequest(request);
				response.sendStaticResource();
				socket.close();
				shutdown=request.getUri().equals(SHUTDOWN_COMMAND);
			} catch (IOException e) {
				
				e.printStackTrace();
				continue;
			}
		}
	}

}

request类根据http协议解析出客户端的请求URL，response根据请求的url去找相应的文件，如果找到就读取该文件，并返回给客户端，如果没有找到就返回404页面，HttpServer则是一直监听是否有客户端连接