PHY寄存器解读

以太网PHY寄存器分析    1

1、以太网PHY标准寄存器分析    2

1.1 Control Register    2

1.2 Status register    5

1.3 PHY Identifier Register    8

1.4 Auto-Negotiation Advertisement Register    8

1.5 Auto-Negotiation Link Partner Base Page Ability Register    9

1.6 Auto-Negotiation Expansion Register    10

1.7 AN next page Register/AN Link Partner Received Next Page    10

1.8 MASTER-SLAVE Control Register    10

1.9 MASTER-SLAVE Status Register    12

1.10 Extended Status Register    13

2、PHY扩展寄存器分析    13

2.1 工作模式控制器    14

2.2端口驱动模式    15

2.3 预加重配置    15

2.4自动协商降格    16

2.5 Auto-Crossover配置    17

2.6 MDI信号边沿速率调整    18

2.7 错误指示寄存器    18

1、以太网PHY标准寄存器分析

PHY是IEEE802.3中定义的一个标准模块，STA（station management entity，管理实体，一般为MAC或CPU）通过SMI（Serial Manage Interface）对PHY的行为、状态进行管理和控制，而具体管理和控制动作是通过读写PHY内部的寄存器实现的。PHY寄存器的地址空间为5位，从0到31最多可以定义32个寄存器（随着芯片功能不断增加，很多PHY芯片采用分页技术来扩展地址空间以定义更多的寄存器，在此不作讨论），IEEE802.3定义了地址为0-15这16个寄存器的功能，地址16-31的寄存器留给芯片制造商自由定义，如表1所示。以下结合实际应用，对IEEE802.3定义的寄存器各项功能进行分析。

表1 PHY 管理寄存器集
Register address	Register name	Basic/Extended MII GMII
0	Control	B	B
1	Status	B	B
2,3	PHY Identifier	E	E
4	Auto-Negotiation Advertisement	E	E
5	Auto-Negotiation Link Partner Base Page Ability	E	E
6	Auto-Negotiation Expansion	E	E
7	Auto-Negotiation Next Page Transmit	E	E
8	Auto-Negotiation Link Partner Received Next Page	E	E
9	MASTER-SLAVE Control Register	E	E
10	MASTER-SLAVE Status Register	E	E
11 through 14	Reserved	E	E
15	Extended Status	Reserved	B
16 through 31	Vendor Specific	E	E

1.1 Control Register

寄存器0是PHY控制寄存器，通过Control Register可以对PHY的主要工作状态进行设置。Control Register的每一位完成的功能见表2。

表2 Control Register
Bit(s)	Name	Description	R/Wa
0.15	Reset	1 = PHY reset  0 = normal operation	R/W SC
0.14	Loopback	1 = enable loopback mode  0 = disable loopback mode	R/W
0.13	Speed Selection (LSB)	0.6 0.13  1 1 = Reserved  1 0 = 1000 Mb/s  0 1 = 100 Mb/s  0 0 = 10 Mb/s	R/W
0.12	Auto-Negotiation Enable	1 = Enable Auto-Negotiation Process  0 = Disable Auto-Negotiation Process	R/W
0.11	Power Down	1 = power down 0 = normal operation	R/W
0.10	Isolate	1 = electrically Isolate PHY from MII or GMII  0 = normal operation	R/W
0.9	Restart Auto-Negotiation	1 = Restart Auto-Negotiation Process  0 = normal operation	R/W SC
0.8	Duplex Mode	1 = Full Duplex  0 = Half Duplex	R/W
0.7	Collision Test	1 = enable COL signal test  0 = disable COL signal test	R/W
0.6	Speed Selection (MSB)	0.6 0.13  1 1 = Reserved  1 0 = 1000 Mb/s  0 1 = 100 Mb/s  0 0 = 10 Mb/s	R/W
0.5:0	Reserved	Write as 0, ignore on Read	R/W