JUC高并发编程(10) -- 多线程锁 -- 死锁

最新推荐文章于 2024-07-21 22:27:18 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2024-07-21 22:27:18 发布

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JUC高并发编程

六、多线程锁

6.4）死锁

6.4.1）什么是死锁

死锁：两个或者两个以上进程在执行过程中，因为争夺资源而造成一种互相等待的现象，如果没有外力干涉，它们就无法在执行下去，会卡在这里，如下图所示：

线程A持有锁A试图获取锁B，线程B持有锁B试图获取锁A，代码实现如下：

/**
 * 演示死锁
 */
public class DeadLock {
    //创建两个对象
    static Object a = new Object();
    static Object b = new Object();

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new Thread(()->{
            synchronized (a) {
                System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+" 持有锁a，试图获取锁b");
                try {
                    TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(1);
                } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
                synchronized (b) {
                    System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+" 获取锁b");
                }
            }
        },"A").start();

        new Thread(()->{
            synchronized (b) {
                System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+" 持有锁b，试图获取锁a");
                try {
                    TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(1);
                } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
                synchronized (a) {
                    System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+" 获取锁a");
                }
            }
        },"B").start();
    }
}

输出：

A 持有锁a，试图获取锁b B 持有锁b，试图获取锁a

6.4.2）验证是否死锁

6.4.2.1）查看运行的Java进程

命令： jps -l

E:\StudyCode\JUC\JucStudy>jps -l
1556 sun.tools.jps.Jps
9992
11884 com.study.sync.DeadLock
13964 org.jetbrains.jps.cmdline.Launcher
8188 org.jetbrains.jps.cmdline.Launcher

6.4.2.2）查看堆栈信息

查看DeadLock的堆栈信息，命令：jstack 进程号

E:\StudyCode\JUC\JucStudy>jstack 11884
2022-05-11 15:35:29
Full thread dump Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (25.211-b12 mixed mode):

"DestroyJavaVM" #14 prio=5 os_prio=0 tid=0x0000000003063800 nid=0x984 waiting on condition [0x0000000000000000]
   java.lang.Thread.State: RUNNABLE

"B" #13 prio=5 os_prio=0 tid=0x000000001ad5d800 nid=0x3b6c waiting for monitor entry [0x000000001b72f000]
   java.lang.Thread.State: BLOCKED (on object monitor)
        at com.study.sync.DeadLock.lambda$main$1(DeadLock.java:38)
        - waiting to lock <0x00000000d63fde08> (a java.lang.Object)
        - locked <0x00000000d63fde18> (a java.lang.Object)
        at com.study.sync.DeadLock$$Lambda$2/1078694789.run(Unknown Source)
        at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:748)

"A" #12 prio=5 os_prio=0 tid=0x000000001ad5b800 nid=0x498c waiting for monitor entry [0x000000001b62f000]
   java.lang.Thread.State: BLOCKED (on object monitor)
        at com.study.sync.DeadLock.lambda$main$0(DeadLock.java:24)
        - waiting to lock <0x00000000d63fde18> (a java.lang.Object)
        - locked <0x00000000d63fde08> (a java.lang.Object)
        at com.study.sync.DeadLock$$Lambda$1/1324119927.run(Unknown Source)
        at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:748)

"Service Thread" #11 daemon prio=9 os_prio=0 tid=0x0000000019f9a000 nid=0x3b00 runnable [0x0000000000000000]
   java.lang.Thread.State: RUNNABLE

"C1 CompilerThread3" #10 daemon prio=9 os_prio=2 tid=0x0000000019f48800 nid=0x4988 waiting on condition [0x0000000000000000]
   java.lang.Thread.State: RUNNABLE

"C2 CompilerThread2" #9 daemon prio=9 os_prio=2 tid=0x0000000019f10800 nid=0x6c0 waiting on condition [0x0000000000000000]
   java.lang.Thread.State: RUNNABLE

"C2 CompilerThread1" #8 daemon prio=9 os_prio=2 tid=0x0000000019f0b000 nid=0x450c waiting on condition [0x0000000000000000]
   java.lang.Thread.State: RUNNABLE

"C2 CompilerThread0" #7 daemon prio=9 os_prio=2 tid=0x0000000019f02800 nid=0x47a0 waiting on condition [0x0000000000000000]
   java.lang.Thread.State: RUNNABLE

"Monitor Ctrl-Break" #6 daemon prio=5 os_prio=0 tid=0x0000000019f09000 nid=0x840 runnable [0x000000001a72f000]
   java.lang.Thread.State: RUNNABLE
        at java.net.SocketInputStream.socketRead0(Native Method)
        at java.net.SocketInputStream.socketRead(SocketInputStream.java:116)
        at java.net.SocketInputStream.read(SocketInputStream.java:171)
        at java.net.SocketInputStream.read(SocketInputStream.java:141)
        at sun.nio.cs.StreamDecoder.readBytes(StreamDecoder.java:284)
        at sun.nio.cs.StreamDecoder.implRead(StreamDecoder.java:326)
        at sun.nio.cs.StreamDecoder.read(StreamDecoder.java:178)
        - locked <0x00000000d63883f8> (a java.io.InputStreamReader)
        at java.io.InputStreamReader.read(InputStreamReader.java:184)
        at java.io.BufferedReader.fill(BufferedReader.java:161)
        at java.io.BufferedReader.readLine(BufferedReader.java:324)
        - locked <0x00000000d63883f8> (a java.io.InputStreamReader)
        at java.io.BufferedReader.readLine(BufferedReader.java:389)
        at com.intellij.rt.execution.application.AppMainV2$1.run(AppMainV2.java:47)

"Attach Listener" #5 daemon prio=5 os_prio=2 tid=0x0000000019e6c800 nid=0x3a48 waiting on condition [0x0000000000000000]
   java.lang.Thread.State: RUNNABLE

"Signal Dispatcher" #4 daemon prio=9 os_prio=2 tid=0x0000000019ec0000 nid=0x170 runnable [0x0000000000000000]
   java.lang.Thread.State: RUNNABLE

"Finalizer" #3 daemon prio=8 os_prio=1 tid=0x0000000019e51800 nid=0x1ecc in Object.wait() [0x000000001a42f000]
   java.lang.Thread.State: WAITING (on object monitor)
        at java.lang.Object.wait(Native Method)
        - waiting on <0x00000000d6208ed0> (a java.lang.ref.ReferenceQueue$Lock)
        at java.lang.ref.ReferenceQueue.remove(ReferenceQueue.java:144)
        - locked <0x00000000d6208ed0> (a java.lang.ref.ReferenceQueue$Lock)
        at java.lang.ref.ReferenceQueue.remove(ReferenceQueue.java:165)
        at java.lang.ref.Finalizer$FinalizerThread.run(Finalizer.java:216)

"Reference Handler" #2 daemon prio=10 os_prio=2 tid=0x0000000019e50800 nid=0x40ac in Object.wait() [0x000000001a32e000]
   java.lang.Thread.State: WAITING (on object monitor)
        at java.lang.Object.wait(Native Method)
        - waiting on <0x00000000d6206bf8> (a java.lang.ref.Reference$Lock)
        at java.lang.Object.wait(Object.java:502)
        at java.lang.ref.Reference.tryHandlePending(Reference.java:191)
        - locked <0x00000000d6206bf8> (a java.lang.ref.Reference$Lock)
        at java.lang.ref.Reference$ReferenceHandler.run(Reference.java:153)

"VM Thread" os_prio=2 tid=0x0000000018059000 nid=0x4abc runnable

"GC task thread#0 (ParallelGC)" os_prio=0 tid=0x0000000003079000 nid=0x1110 runnable

"GC task thread#1 (ParallelGC)" os_prio=0 tid=0x000000000307a800 nid=0x320c runnable

"GC task thread#2 (ParallelGC)" os_prio=0 tid=0x000000000307c000 nid=0xdd8 runnable

"GC task thread#3 (ParallelGC)" os_prio=0 tid=0x000000000307e800 nid=0x2920 runnable

"GC task thread#4 (ParallelGC)" os_prio=0 tid=0x0000000003081000 nid=0x3b08 runnable

"GC task thread#5 (ParallelGC)" os_prio=0 tid=0x0000000003082000 nid=0x3e18 runnable

"GC task thread#6 (ParallelGC)" os_prio=0 tid=0x0000000003085000 nid=0x3ab0 runnable

"GC task thread#7 (ParallelGC)" os_prio=0 tid=0x0000000003086800 nid=0x4578 runnable

"VM Periodic Task Thread" os_prio=2 tid=0x0000000019f9b800 nid=0x4644 waiting on condition

JNI global references: 317


Found one Java-level deadlock:
=============================
"B":
  waiting to lock monitor 0x000000000315bca8 (object 0x00000000d63fde08, a java.lang.Object),
  which is held by "A"
"A":
  waiting to lock monitor 0x000000000315e5e8 (object 0x00000000d63fde18, a java.lang.Object),
  which is held by "B"

Java stack information for the threads listed above:
===================================================
"B":
        at com.study.sync.DeadLock.lambda$main$1(DeadLock.java:38)
        - waiting to lock <0x00000000d63fde08> (a java.lang.Object)
        - locked <0x00000000d63fde18> (a java.lang.Object)
        at com.study.sync.DeadLock$$Lambda$2/1078694789.run(Unknown Source)
        at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:748)
"A":
        at com.study.sync.DeadLock.lambda$main$0(DeadLock.java:24)
        - waiting to lock <0x00000000d63fde18> (a java.lang.Object)
        - locked <0x00000000d63fde08> (a java.lang.Object)
        at com.study.sync.DeadLock$$Lambda$1/1324119927.run(Unknown Source)
        at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:748)

Found 1 deadlock.

发现在堆栈信息中 Found 1 deadlock ，说明确实发生了死锁

6.4.3）产生死锁的原因

产生死锁的原因有以下三点：