ofNullable和of (Java 8)
仅能验证null,两者基本相同
区别:如果你将 null 值作为参数传入 of() 方法,那么该方法会抛出一个 空指针异常。
Map<String,String> map = null;//仅能验证null,new HashMap<>();不行
System.out.println("m = " + Optional.ofNullable(map).isPresent());//返回false
Map<String,String> map = null;
System.out.println("m = " + Optional.of(map).isPresent());//NullPointerException
orElse和orElseGet(Java 8)
都表示当Optional对象里面的值为空的时候,返回一个默认的值。
区别:orElse必定触发,而orElseGet在optional的值为空时才触发
public static void main(String[] args) {
Map<String,String> map = new HashMap<>();
map.put("t1","t2");
// Map<String,String> m = Optional.ofNullable(map).orElseGet(() -> createMap());//不执行createMap(),仅map==null时执行
Map<String,String> m = Optional.ofNullable(map).orElse(createMap());//必定执行createMap()
System.out.println("m = " + m);
}
public static Map<String,String> createMap(){
Map<String,String> map = new HashMap<>();
map.put("test","123");
System.out.println(" ======= ");
return map;
}
or (Java 9)
和orElseGet一样,在对象为空时提供替换功能
Map<String,String> map = null;
Map<String,String> m = Optional.ofNullable(map).or(() -> Optional.of(createMap())).get();
ifPresentOrElse (Java 9)
对象不为空输出值,为空输出map is null
Map<String,String> map = null;
Optional.ofNullable(map)
.ifPresentOrElse(u -> System.out.println("map = " + u),() -> System.out.println("map is null"));
stream (Java 9)
可以在Optional判断非空后用stream API
Map<String,String> map = new HashMap<>();
map.put("t1","t2");
List<String> o1 = Optional.ofNullable(map)
.stream()
.filter(m -> m.containsKey("t1"))
.map(m -> m.get("t1"))
.collect(Collectors.toList());
System.out.println("o1 = " + o1);
Supplier(Java 8)
//创建Supplier容器,声明为TestSupplier类型,此时并不会调用对象的构造方法,即不会创建对象
Supplier<RobotUser> user=RobotUser::new;
//调用get()方法,此时会调用对象的构造方法,即获得到真正对象
RobotUser user1 = user.get();