访问Excel的方式有多种，开发中本人使用过两种方式：一种是基于Excel COM进行的访问，可以实现全方位控制，但这种方式适合桌面程序，另一种使用基于<Table>的格式化输出，这种可定适合Web开发，一下代码摘自别人的博客：
一、基于COM组件方式
asp教程.net 导出excel并设置格式
添加引用：microsoft excel 11.0 object library ;
添加：using microsoft.office.interop.excel;
一、打开excel文件＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝
microsoft.office.interop.excel.application excel1 = new microsoft.office.interop.excel.application();
workbook workbook1 = excel1.workbooks.open(@"e:aaa.xls", type.missing, type.missing, type.missing, type.missing, type.missing, type.missing, type.missing, type.missing, type.missing, type.missing, type.missing, type.missing, type.missing, type.missing);
excel1.visible = true;
二、新建excel对象＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝
microsoft.office.interop.excel.application excel1 = new microsoft.office.interop.excel.application();
workbook workbook1 = excel1.workbooks.add(xlwbatemplate.xlwbatworksheet或true);
worksheet1.activate();//激活sheet1表
excel1.visible = true;
三、新建excel表＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝
microsoft.office.interop.excel.application excel1 = new microsoft.office.interop.excel.application();
workbook workbook1 = excel1.workbooks.add(true);
worksheet worksheet1 = (worksheet)workbook1.worksheets["sheet1"];
worksheet worksheet1 =(worksheet)workbook1.worksheets.add(type.missing,workbook1.worksheets[1], 1, type.missing);
excel1.visible = true;
四、重命名excel表名＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝
microsoft.office.interop.excel.application excel1 = new microsoft.office.interop.excel.application();
workbook workbook1 = excel1.workbooks.add(true);
worksheet worksheet1 = (worksheet)workbook1.worksheets["sheet1"或1];
worksheet1.name = "工作计划表";
excel1.visible = true;
五、设置或修改excel表单元格内容＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝
microsoft.office.interop.excel.application excel1 = new microsoft.office.interop.excel.application();
workbook workbook1 = excel1.workbooks.add(true);
worksheet worksheet1 = (worksheet)workbook1.worksheets["sheet1"];
worksheet1.cells[1, 1] = "姓名";
worksheet1.cells[1, 2] = "性别";
excel1.visible = true;
六、设置excel表行宽和列高＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝
microsoft.office.interop.excel.application excel1 = new microsoft.office.interop.excel.application();
workbook workbook1 = excel1.workbooks.add(true);
worksheet worksheet1 = (worksheet)workbook1.worksheets["sheet1"];
worksheet1.columns.columnwidth = 20;//全局行宽
worksheet1.columns.rowheight = 20;//全局列高
range range1 = (range) worksheet1.cells[2, 1];
range1.columns.columnwidth = 40;//单元格行宽
range1.columns.rowheight = 40;//单元格列高
excel1.visible = true;
七、设置excel表单元格边框＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝
microsoft.office.interop.excel.application excel1 = new microsoft.office.interop.excel.application();
workbook workbook1 = excel1.workbooks.add(true);
worksheet worksheet1 = (worksheet)workbook1.worksheets["sheet1"];
range range1 = (range)worksheet1.cells[2, 2];
range1.borders.color = system.drawing.colortranslator.toole(color.red);
range1.borders.get_item(xlbordersindex.xledgetop).linestyle = xllinestyle.xlcontinuous;
range1.borders.get_item(xlbordersindex.xledgeright).linestyle = xllinestyle.xlcontinuous;
range1.borders.get_item(xlbordersindex.xledgebottom).linestyle = xllinestyle.xlcontinuous;
range1.borders.get_item(xlbordersindex.xledgeleft).linestyle = xllinestyle.xlcontinuous;
//也可用后面的代码代替上面四项range1.borderaround(xllinestyle.xlcontinuous, xlborderweight.xlthin, xlcolorindex.xlcolorindexautomatic,null);
range1.borders.get_item(xlbordersindex.xldiagonaldown).linestyle = xllinestyle.xlcontinuous;//斜杠
range1.borders.get_item(xlbordersindex.xldiagonalup).linestyle = xllinestyle.xlcontinuous;//反斜杠
range1.borders.get_item(xlbordersindex.xldiagonaldown).color = system.drawing.colortranslator.toole(color.gold);
excel1.visible = true;
八、excel表块操作＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝
microsoft.office.interop.excel.application excel1 = new microsoft.office.interop.excel.application();
workbook workbook1 = excel1.workbooks.add(true);
worksheet worksheet1 = (worksheet)workbook1.worksheets["sheet1"];
range range1 = worksheet1.get_range("a2", "e8");//选择操作块
range1.font.bold = true;//设置黑体
range1.font.size = 18;//设置字体大小
range1.font.name = "仿宋";//设置字体
range1.font.color = system.drawing.colortranslator.toole(color.blue);//设置字体颜色
range1.horizontalalignment = xlhalign.xlhaligncenter;//设置水平对齐方式
range1.verticalalignment = xlvalign.xlvaligncenter;//设置垂直对齐方式
range1.value2 = "123rn456";
range1.borders.get_item(xlbordersindex.xledgetop).linestyle = xllinestyle.xlcontinuous;
range1.borders.get_item(xlbordersindex.xledgeright).linestyle = xllinestyle.xlcontinuous;
range1.borders.get_item(xlbordersindex.xledgebottom).linestyle = xllinestyle.xlcontinuous;
range1.borders.get_item(xlbordersindex.xledgeleft).linestyle = xllinestyle.xlcontinuous;
//也可用后面的代码代替上面四项range1.borderaround(xllinestyle.xlcontinuous, xlborderweight.xlthin, xlcolorindex.xlcolorindexautomatic,null);
range1.borders.get_item(xlbordersindex.xlinsidehorizontal).linestyle = xllinestyle.xlcontinuous;//块内竖线
range1.borders.get_item(xlbordersindex.xlinsidevertical).linestyle = xllinestyle.xlcontinuous;//块内横线
excel1.visible = true;
九、excel表单元格合并＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝
microsoft.office.interop.excel.application excel1 = new microsoft.office.interop.excel.application();
workbook workbook1 = excel1.workbooks.add(true);
worksheet worksheet1 = (worksheet)workbook1.worksheets["sheet1"];
range range1 = worksheet1.get_range("a2", "e8");//选择操作块
range1.value2 = "123rn456";
excel1.application.displayalerts = false;//使合并操作不提示警告信息
range1.merge(false);//参数为true则为每一行合并为一个单元格
excel1.application.displayalerts = true;
excel1.visible = true;
十、复制excel表＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝
microsoft.office.interop.excel.application excel1 = new microsoft.office.interop.excel.application();
workbook workbook1 = excel1.workbooks.add(true);
worksheet worksheet1 = (worksheet)workbook1.worksheets["sheet1"];
worksheet1.cells[1, 1] = "123";
worksheet1.copy(type.missing, worksheet1);
worksheet worksheet2 =(worksheet)worksheet1.next;
//worksheet2.name = "sheet2";
excel1.visible = true;
十一、页面设置＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝
microsoft.office.interop.excel.application excel1 = new microsoft.office.interop.excel.application();
workbook workbook1 = excel1.workbooks.add(true);
excel1.caption = "我的报表";
worksheet worksheet1 = (worksheet)workbook1.worksheets["sheet1"];
worksheet1.pagesetup.papersize = xlpapersize.xlpapera3;//纸张大小
worksheet1.pagesetup.printtitlerows = "$1:$3";//顶端标题行
worksheet1.pagesetup.orientation = xlpageorientation.xllandscape;//页面方向为横向
worksheet1.pagesetup.topmargin = excel1.centimeterstopoints(2);//上边距为２厘米(厘米转像素)
worksheet1.pagesetup.bottommargin = excel1.centimeterstopoints(2);//下边距为2厘米(厘米转像素)
worksheet1.pagesetup.leftmargin = excel1.centimeterstopoints(1.5);//左边距为1.5厘米(厘米转像素)
worksheet1.pagesetup.rightmargin = excel1.centimeterstopoints(1.5);//右边距为1.5厘米(厘米转像素)
worksheet1.pagesetup.headermargin = excel1.centimeterstopoints(1.2);//页眉边距为1.2厘米(厘米转像素)
worksheet1.pagesetup.footermargin = excel1.centimeterstopoints(1);//页脚边距为1厘米(厘米转像素)
worksheet1.pagesetup.centerhorizontally = true;//页面水平居中
worksheet1.pagesetup.centervertically = false;//页面不垂直居中
worksheet1.pagesetup.centerfooter = "第&p页，共&n页";//中间页脚内容
excel1.visible = true;
二、基于<Table>格式化输出
以下function可以傳入DataTable後輕易的做到Excel下載的功能，主要是透過<Table>的方式來配置每個欄位，因此只要Html Table可以做到的設定，這個function可以做的出來喔：
/**/
/// <summary> 02
/// 傳入DataTable後，透過Response.Write將資料寫到client端，並指定為Excel格式 03
/// </summary> 04
/// <param name="pDataTable">資料來源</param>
0 5
public
void ExportDataTableToExcel(DataTable pDataTable)
0 6
...
{ 07
int tRowCount = pDataTable.Rows.Count; 08
int tColumnCount = pDataTable.Columns.Count; 09
10
Response.Expires = 0; 11
Response.Clear(); 12
Response.Buffer = true; 13
Response.Charset = "utf-8"; 14
Response.ContentEncoding = System.Text.Encoding.UTF8; 15
Response.ContentType = "application/vnd.ms-excel"; 16
Response.AddHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment; filename=Excel.xls"); 17
Response.Write("<meta http-equiv=Content-Type content=text/html;charset=utf-8>"); 18
19
Response.Write("<Table borderColor=black border=1>"); 20
Response.Write("/n <TR>"); 21
for (int i = 0; i < tColumnCount; i++) 22
...{ 23
Response.Write("/n <TD bgcolor = #fff8dc>"); 24
Response.Write(pDataTable.Columns[i].ColumnName); 25
Response.Write("/n </TD>"); 26
} 27
Response.Write("/n </TR>"); 28
for (int j = 0; j < tRowCount; j++) 29
...{ 30
Response.Write("/n <TR>"); 31
for (int k = 0; k < tColumnCount; k++) 32
...{ 33
Response.Write("/n <TD align=/"right/" x:num>"); 34
Response.Write(pDataTable.Rows[j][k].ToString()); 35
Response.Write("/n </TD>"); 36
} 37
Response.Write("/n </TR>"); 38
} 39
40
Response.Write("</Table>"); 41
42
Response.End(); 43
}
拿Northwind的Products資料表簡單的測試一下，發現果然如我們所預期，將Products整個Table的資料都匯出來囉：
也可以做欄位加總：
但我們發現UnitPrice這個欄位所存的值跟資料庫的值有所差異，資料庫中設定是小數位數4位，但匯出後小數點後的數值都不見了，如果我們要保留UnitPrice的小數點位數該怎麼做呢？
Step1.先取得欄位的schema小數位數，透過以下的SQL指令可取得Products欄位的schema
FROM syscolumns WHERE (id = ( SELECT objid=id FROM sysobjects WHERE id= object_id( 'Products')))
看到UnitPrice這個欄位是小數點四位數，接著小改一下前面的code：
/**/
/// <summary> 02
/// 傳入DataTable後，透過Response.Write將資料寫到client端，並指定為Excel格式 03
/// </summary> 04
/// <param name="pDataTable">資料來源</param>
0 5
public
void ExportDataTableToExcel(DataTable pDataTable)
0 6
...
{ 07
int tRowCount = pDataTable.Rows.Count; 08
int tColumnCount = pDataTable.Columns.Count; 09
10
Response.Expires = 0; 11
Response.Clear(); 12
Response.Buffer = true; 13
Response.Charset = "utf-8"; 14
Response.ContentEncoding = System.Text.Encoding.UTF8; 15
Response.ContentType = "application/vnd.ms-excel"; 16
Response.AddHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment; filename=Excel.xls"); 17
Response.Write("<meta http-equiv=Content-Type content=text/html;charset=utf-8>"); 18
19
Response.Write("<Table borderColor=black border=1>"); 20
Response.Write("/n <TR>"); 21
for (int i = 0; i < tColumnCount; i++) 22
...{ 23
Response.Write("/n <TD bgcolor = #fff8dc>"); 24
Response.Write(pDataTable.Columns[i].ColumnName); 25
Response.Write("/n </TD>"); 26
} 27
Response.Write("/n </TR>"); 28
for (int j = 0; j < tRowCount; j++) 29
...{ 30
Response.Write("/n <TR>"); 31
for (int k = 0; k < tColumnCount; k++) 32
...{ 33
//如果是UnitPrice的話就補滿小數位數，小數位數部分可透過取得欄位的xscale來取得 34
if (pDataTable.Columns[k].ColumnName == "UnitPrice") 35
...{ 36
Response.Write("/n<TD style='mso-number-format:/"0//." + "0".PadLeft(4, '0') + "/";'>"); 37
} 38
else 39
...{ 40
Response.Write("/n <TD align=/"right/" x:num>"); 41
} 42
Response.Write(pDataTable.Rows[j][k].ToString()); 43
Response.Write("/n </TD>"); 44
} 45
Response.Write("/n </TR>"); 46
} 47
48
Response.Write("</Table>"); 49
50
Response.End(); 51
}
再匯出一次，我們發現UnitPrice欄位的小數位數出來囉，
這個方法或許不是最快的，但用到現在我覺得他彈性算是最大的，因為格式、顏色都可以自行定義
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