服务间的通讯

概念之类的不做多的介绍，直接百度就行了大把的有，这里主要介绍服务开启、服务绑定、数据同步、数据通讯的代码实现

首先在开启服务之前必须的先创建服务代码后面给出，开启服务之后要在AndroidManifest.xml文件中声明。声明代码如下

        //服务声明
        <service
            android:name=".MyService"
            android:enabled="true"
            android:exported="true" >
        </service>

开启服务和开启Activity用法一样都是通过Intent开启

        //服务开启
        Intent intent = new Intent(MainActivity.this, MyService.class);
        intent.putExtra("data", etServiceData.getText().toString());//传递数据
        startService(intent);
        //停止服务
        stopService(intent);
        //绑定服务
        bindService(intent, this, Context.BIND_AUTO_CREATE);
        //解除绑定
        unbindService(this);

在绑定服务和解除绑定服务的时候，所在的类要实现ServiceConnection接口。之后就是数据同步这里直接上完整的代码如下

<!--activity_main.xml-->
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    android:paddingBottom="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
    android:paddingLeft="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
    android:paddingRight="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
    android:paddingTop="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
    tools:context=".MainActivity">


    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/tvCallbackData"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content" />

    <EditText
        android:id="@+id/etServiceData"
        android:text="default message、、、、、"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content" />

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/btnStartService"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="打开服务" />

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/btnStopService"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="停止服务" />

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/btnBindService"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="绑定服务" />

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/btnUnbindService"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="解除绑定" />

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/btnSyscData"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="同步数据" />
</LinearLayout>

//MyService.java

public class MyService extends Service {
    private boolean running = false;
    private String data = "";

    public MyService() {

    }

    @Override
    public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {
        return new Binder();
    }


    public class Binder extends android.os.Binder {
        public void setData(String _data) {
            MyService.this.data = _data;
        }
        public MyService getService(){
            return MyService.this;
        }
    }

    @Override
    public int onStartCommand(Intent intent, int flags, int startId) {
        data = intent.getStringExtra("data");
        return super.onStartCommand(intent, flags, startId);
    }

    @Override
    public void onCreate() {
        super.onCreate();
        running = true;
        new Thread() {
            public void run() {
                super.run();
                int i=0;
                while (running) {
                    i++;
                    String str=i+"---service is runing---data:" + data;
                    System.out.println(str);
                    if (callback!=null){
                        callback.onDataChange(str);
                    }
                    try {
                        sleep(1000);
                    } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                        e.printStackTrace();
                    }
                }
            }
        }.start();
    }

    @Override
    public void onDestroy() {
        super.onDestroy();
        running = false;
    }

    private Callback callback=null;

    public void setCallback(Callback callback) {
        this.callback = callback;
    }

    public Callback getCallback() {
        return callback;
    }

    public  static interface  Callback{
        void onDataChange(String data);
    }
}

//MainActivity.java
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements View.OnClickListener, ServiceConnection {

    private Button btnStartService;
    private Button btnStopService;
    private Button btnBindService;
    private Button btnUnbindService;
    private Button btnSyscData;
    private EditText etServiceData;
    private TextView tvCallbackData;
    private Intent intent;
    private MyService.Binder binder = null;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

        btnStartService = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btnStartService);
        btnStopService = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btnStopService);
        btnBindService = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btnBindService);
        btnUnbindService = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btnUnbindService);
        btnSyscData = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btnSyscData);
        etServiceData = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.etServiceData);
        tvCallbackData = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.tvCallbackData);
        btnStartService.setOnClickListener(this);
        btnStopService.setOnClickListener(this);
        btnBindService.setOnClickListener(this);
        btnUnbindService.setOnClickListener(this);
        btnSyscData.setOnClickListener(this);

        intent = new Intent(MainActivity.this, MyService.class);
    }

    @Override
    public void onClick(View v) {
        switch (v.getId()) {
            case R.id.btnStartService:
                intent.putExtra("data", etServiceData.getText().toString());
                startService(intent);
                break;
            case R.id.btnStopService:
                stopService(intent);
                break;
            case R.id.btnBindService:
                intent.putExtra("data", etServiceData.getText().toString());
                bindService(intent, this, Context.BIND_AUTO_CREATE);
                break;
            case R.id.btnUnbindService:
                unbindService(this);
                break;
            case R.id.btnSyscData:
                if (binder != null) {
                    Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "jamie", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                    binder.setData(etServiceData.getText().toString());
                } else {
                    Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "jamie---------------1", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                }

                break;
        }
    }

    private Handler handler = new Handler() {
        @Override
        public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
            super.handleMessage(msg);
            tvCallbackData.setText(msg.getData().toString());
        }
    };

    @Override
    public void onServiceConnected(ComponentName name, IBinder service) {
        binder = (MyService.Binder) service;
        binder.getService().setCallback(new MyService.Callback() {
            @Override
            public void onDataChange(String _data) {
                Message message = new Message();
                Bundle bundle = new Bundle();
                bundle.putString("backData", _data);
                message.setData(bundle);
                handler.sendMessage(message);
            }
        });
    }

    @Override
    public void onServiceDisconnected(ComponentName name) {
    }
}

在将数据从Service服务传递到Activity时用的是回调的方法，同时因为Android的机制是其他线程不能处理界面线程，所以在Activity界面也需要用Handler实现不同进程的通讯。

完整的项目代码地址 点击打开链接