1.crc16-Modbus计算方法
-
crc16-modbus标准
多项式x16+x15+x2+1(0x8005),初始值0xFFFF,低位在前,高位在后,结果与0x0000异或
0x8005 = 0001 1000 0000 0000 0101取低16位 -
CRC16的算法原理:
1.根据CRC16的标准选择初值CRCIn的值。
2.将数据的第一个字节与CRCIn高8位异或。
3.判断最高位,若该位为 0 左移一位,若为 1 左移一位再与多项式Hex码异或。
4.重复第3步,直至8位全部移位计算结束。
5.重复将所有输入数据操作完成以上步骤,所得16位数即16位CRC校验码。
2.C语言实现
2.1 直接计算CRC
CRC算法参数模型解释:
NAME:参数模型名称。
WIDTH:宽度,即CRC比特数。
POLY:生成项的简写,以16进制表示。例如:CRC-32即是0x04C11DB7,忽略了最高位的"1",即完整的生 成项是0x104C11DB7。
INIT:这是算法开始时寄存器(crc)的初始化预置值,十六进制表示。
REFIN:待测数据的每个字节是否按位反转,True或False。
REFOUT:在计算后之后,异或输出之前,整个数据是否按位反转,True或False。
XOROUT:计算结果与此参数异或后得到最终的CRC值。
Alias:别名及其应用范围。
/****************************Info**********************************************
* Name: CRC-16/MODBUS x16+x15+x2+1
* Width: 16
* Poly: 0x8005
* Init: 0xFFFF
* Refin: True
* Refout: True
* Xorout: 0x0000
* Note:
*****************************************************************************/
#if 0
unsigned short CRC16_MODBUS(unsigned char *data, unsigned int datalen)
{
unsigned short wCRCin = 0xFFFF;
unsigned short wCPoly = 0x8005;
unsigned char wChar = 0;
while (datalen--)
{
wChar = *(data++);
InvertUint8(&wChar,&wChar);
wCRCin ^= (wChar << 8);
for(int i = 0;i < 8;i++)
{
if(wCRCin & 0x8000)
wCRCin = (wCRCin << 1) ^ wCPoly;
else
wCRCin = wCRCin << 1;
}
}
InvertUint16(&wCRCin,&wCRCin);
return (wCRCin);
}
#else
unsigned short CRC16_MODBUS(unsigned char *data, unsigned int datalen)
{
unsigned short wCRCin = 0xFFFF;
unsigned short wCPoly = 0x8005;
InvertUint16(&wCPoly,&wCPoly);
while (datalen--)
{
wCRCin ^= *(data++);
for(int i = 0;i < 8;i++)
{
if(wCRCin & 0x01)
wCRCin = (wCRCin >> 1) ^ wCPoly;
else
wCRCin = wCRCin >> 1;
}
}
return (wCRCin);
}
#endif
/****************************Info**********************************************
* Name: InvertUint8
* Note: 把字节颠倒过来,如0x12变成0x48
0x12: 0001 0010
0x48: 0100 1000
*****************************************************************************/
void InvertUint8(unsigned char *dBuf,unsigned char *srcBuf)
{
int i;
unsigned char tmp[4]={0};
for(i=0;i< 8;i++)
{
if(srcBuf[0]& (1 << i))
tmp[0]|=1<<(7-i);
}
dBuf[0] = tmp[0];
}
void InvertUint16(unsigned short *dBuf,unsigned short *srcBuf)
{
int i;
unsigned short tmp[4]={0};
for(i=0;i< 16;i++)
{
if(srcBuf[0]& (1 << i))
tmp[0]|=1<<(15 - i);
}
dBuf[0] = tmp[0];
}
void InvertUint32(unsigned int *dBuf,unsigned int *srcBuf)
{
int i;
unsigned int tmp[4]={0};
for(i=0;i< 32;i++)
{
if(srcBuf[0]& (1 << i))
tmp[0]|=1<<(31 - i);
}
dBuf[0] = tmp[0];
}
测试.c文件
#include <stdio.h>
/****************************Info**********************************************
* Name: InvertUint8
* Note: 把字节颠倒过来,如0x12变成0x48
0x12: 0001 0010
0x48: 0100 1000
*****************************************************************************/
void InvertUint8(unsigned char *dBuf,unsigned char *srcBuf)
{
int i;
unsigned char tmp[4]={0};
for(i=0;i< 8;i++)
{
if(srcBuf[0]& (1 << i))
tmp[0]|=1<<(7-i);
}
dBuf[0] = tmp[0];
}
void InvertUint16(unsigned short *dBuf,unsigned short *srcBuf)
{
int i;
unsigned short tmp[4]={0};
for(i=0;i< 16;i++)
{
if(srcBuf[0]& (1 << i))
tmp[0]|=1<<(15 - i);
}
dBuf[0] = tmp[0];
}
/****************************Info**********************************************
* Name: CRC-16/MODBUS x16+x15+x2+1
* Width: 16
* Poly: 0x8005
* Init: 0xFFFF
* Refin: True
* Refout: True
* Xorout: 0x0000
* Note:
*****************************************************************************/
#if 0
unsigned short CRC16_MODBUS(unsigned char *data, unsigned int datalen)
{
unsigned short wCRCin = 0xFFFF;
unsigned short wCPoly = 0x8005;
unsigned char wChar = 0;
while (datalen--)
{
wChar = *(data++);
InvertUint8(&wChar,&wChar);
wCRCin ^= (wChar << 8);
for(int i = 0;i < 8;i++)
{
if(wCRCin & 0x8000)
wCRCin = (wCRCin << 1) ^ wCPoly;
else
wCRCin = wCRCin << 1;
}
}
InvertUint16(&wCRCin,&wCRCin);
return (wCRCin);
}
#else
unsigned short CRC16_MODBUS(unsigned char *data, unsigned int datalen)
{
unsigned short wCRCin = 0xFFFF;
unsigned short wCPoly = 0x8005;
InvertUint16(&wCPoly,&wCPoly);
while (datalen--)
{
wCRCin ^= *(data++);
for(int i = 0;i < 8;i++)
{
if(wCRCin & 0x01)
wCRCin = (wCRCin >> 1) ^ wCPoly;
else
wCRCin = wCRCin >> 1;
}
}
return (wCRCin);
}
#endif
unsigned char buf[8] = {0x04,0x01,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x04}; //16位数据的高字节在低位,低字节在高位
unsigned short crc16ModbusResult_u16Data;
int main(void)
{
printf("primary data : %02X %02X %02X %02X %02X %02X\r\n",buf[0],buf[1],buf[2],buf[3],buf[4],buf[5]);
crc16ModbusResult_u16Data = CRC16_MODBUS(buf,6);
printf("crc16 Modbus Result: %04X\r\n",crc16ModbusResult_u16Data);
buf[6] = (unsigned char)(crc16ModbusResult_u16Data&0x00FF);
buf[7] = (unsigned char)((crc16ModbusResult_u16Data&0xFF00)>>8);
printf("a frame of data : %02X %02X %02X %02X %02X %02X %02X %02X\r\n",buf[0],buf[1],buf[2],buf[3],buf[4],buf[5],buf[6],buf[7]);
return 0;
}
2.2 查长表法
- 用空间换时间
测试.c文件
#include <stdio.h>
/* Table of CRC values for high–order byte */
const unsigned char auchCRCHi[] = {
0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41, 0x00, 0xC1, 0x81,
0x40, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41, 0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x01, 0xC0,
0x80, 0x41, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41, 0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x01,
0xC0, 0x80, 0x41, 0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41,
0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41, 0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x00, 0xC1, 0x81,
0x40, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41, 0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41, 0x01, 0xC0,
0x80, 0x41, 0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41, 0x01,
0xC0, 0x80, 0x41, 0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41, 0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40,
0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41, 0x00, 0xC1, 0x81,
0x40, 0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41, 0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x01, 0xC0,
0x80, 0x41, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41, 0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x01,
0xC0, 0x80, 0x41, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41, 0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41,
0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41, 0x00, 0xC1, 0x81,
0x40, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41, 0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x01, 0xC0,
0x80, 0x41, 0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41, 0x01,
0xC0, 0x80, 0x41, 0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41,
0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41, 0x00, 0xC1, 0x81,
0x40
};
/* Table of CRC values for low–order byte */
const unsigned char auchCRCLo[] = {
0x00, 0xC0, 0xC1, 0x01, 0xC3, 0x03, 0x02, 0xC2, 0xC6, 0x06, 0x07, 0xC7, 0x05, 0xC5, 0xC4,
0x04, 0xCC, 0x0C, 0x0D, 0xCD, 0x0F, 0xCF, 0xCE, 0x0E, 0x0A, 0xCA, 0xCB, 0x0B, 0xC9, 0x09,
0x08, 0xC8, 0xD8, 0x18, 0x19, 0xD9, 0x1B, 0xDB, 0xDA, 0x1A, 0x1E, 0xDE, 0xDF, 0x1F, 0xDD,
0x1D, 0x1C, 0xDC, 0x14, 0xD4, 0xD5, 0x15, 0xD7, 0x17, 0x16, 0xD6, 0xD2, 0x12, 0x13, 0xD3,
0x11, 0xD1, 0xD0, 0x10, 0xF0, 0x30, 0x31, 0xF1, 0x33, 0xF3, 0xF2, 0x32, 0x36, 0xF6, 0xF7,
0x37, 0xF5, 0x35, 0x34, 0xF4, 0x3C, 0xFC, 0xFD, 0x3D, 0xFF, 0x3F, 0x3E, 0xFE, 0xFA, 0x3A,
0x3B, 0xFB, 0x39, 0xF9, 0xF8, 0x38, 0x28, 0xE8, 0xE9, 0x29, 0xEB, 0x2B, 0x2A, 0xEA, 0xEE,
0x2E, 0x2F, 0xEF, 0x2D, 0xED, 0xEC, 0x2C, 0xE4, 0x24, 0x25, 0xE5, 0x27, 0xE7, 0xE6, 0x26,
0x22, 0xE2, 0xE3, 0x23, 0xE1, 0x21, 0x20, 0xE0, 0xA0, 0x60, 0x61, 0xA1, 0x63, 0xA3, 0xA2,
0x62, 0x66, 0xA6, 0xA7, 0x67, 0xA5, 0x65, 0x64, 0xA4, 0x6C, 0xAC, 0xAD, 0x6D, 0xAF, 0x6F,
0x6E, 0xAE, 0xAA, 0x6A, 0x6B, 0xAB, 0x69, 0xA9, 0xA8, 0x68, 0x78, 0xB8, 0xB9, 0x79, 0xBB,
0x7B, 0x7A, 0xBA, 0xBE, 0x7E, 0x7F, 0xBF, 0x7D, 0xBD, 0xBC, 0x7C, 0xB4, 0x74, 0x75, 0xB5,
0x77, 0xB7, 0xB6, 0x76, 0x72, 0xB2, 0xB3, 0x73, 0xB1, 0x71, 0x70, 0xB0, 0x50, 0x90, 0x91,
0x51, 0x93, 0x53, 0x52, 0x92, 0x96, 0x56, 0x57, 0x97, 0x55, 0x95, 0x94, 0x54, 0x9C, 0x5C,
0x5D, 0x9D, 0x5F, 0x9F, 0x9E, 0x5E, 0x5A, 0x9A, 0x9B, 0x5B, 0x99, 0x59, 0x58, 0x98, 0x88,
0x48, 0x49, 0x89, 0x4B, 0x8B, 0x8A, 0x4A, 0x4E, 0x8E, 0x8F, 0x4F, 0x8D, 0x4D, 0x4C, 0x8C,
0x44, 0x84, 0x85, 0x45, 0x87, 0x47, 0x46, 0x86, 0x82, 0x42, 0x43, 0x83, 0x41, 0x81, 0x80,
0x40
};
unsigned short ModBusCRC16(unsigned char *puchMsg,unsigned short usDataLen)
{
unsigned char uchCRCHi = 0xFF ; /* high byte of CRC initialized */
unsigned char uchCRCLo = 0xFF ; /* low byte of CRC initialized */
unsigned char uIndex ; /* will index into CRC lookup table */
while (usDataLen--) /* pass through message buffer */
{
uIndex = uchCRCHi ^ *puchMsg++ ; /* calculate the CRC */
uchCRCHi = uchCRCLo ^ auchCRCHi[uIndex] ;
uchCRCLo = auchCRCLo[uIndex] ;
}
return (uchCRCLo << 8 | uchCRCHi) ;
}
unsigned char buf[8] = {0x04,0x01,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x04}; //16位数据的高字节在低位,低字节在高位
unsigned short crc16ModbusResult_u16Data;
int main(void)
{
printf("primary data : %02X %02X %02X %02X %02X %02X\r\n",buf[0],buf[1],buf[2],buf[3],buf[4],buf[5]);
crc16ModbusResult_u16Data = ModBusCRC16(buf,6);
printf("crc16 Modbus Result: %04X\r\n",crc16ModbusResult_u16Data);
buf[6] = (unsigned char)(crc16ModbusResult_u16Data&0x00FF);
buf[7] = (unsigned char)((crc16ModbusResult_u16Data&0xFF00)>>8);
printf("a frame of data : %02X %02X %02X %02X %02X %02X %02X %02X\r\n",buf[0],buf[1],buf[2],buf[3],buf[4],buf[5],buf[6],buf[7]);
return 0;
}
2.3 查短表法
#include<stdio.h>
const unsigned short crc16ModbusShortTable[] =
{
0x0000, 0xCC01, 0xD801, 0x1400, 0xF001, 0x3C00, 0x2800, 0xE401,
0xA001, 0x6C00, 0x7800, 0xB401, 0x5000, 0x9C01, 0x8801, 0x4400,
};
unsigned short crc16Modbus_searchShortTable(const unsigned char* pchMsg, const unsigned short wDataLen)
{
unsigned short wCRC = 0xFFFF;
unsigned short i;
unsigned char ch;
for (i = 0; i < wDataLen; i++)
{
ch = *pchMsg++;
wCRC = crc16ModbusShortTable[(ch ^ wCRC) & 15] ^ (wCRC >> 4);
wCRC = crc16ModbusShortTable[((ch >> 4) ^ wCRC) & 15] ^ (wCRC >> 4);
}
return wCRC;
}
unsigned char buf[8] = {0x04,0x01,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x04}; //16位数据的高字节在低位,低字节在高位
unsigned short crc16ModbusResult_u16Data;
int main(void)
{
printf("primary data : %02X %02X %02X %02X %02X %02X\r\n",buf[0],buf[1],buf[2],buf[3],buf[4],buf[5]);
crc16ModbusResult_u16Data = crc16Modbus_searchShortTable(buf,6);
printf("crc16 Modbus Result: %04X\r\n",crc16ModbusResult_u16Data);
buf[6] = (unsigned char)(crc16ModbusResult_u16Data&0x00FF);
buf[7] = (unsigned char)((crc16ModbusResult_u16Data&0xFF00)>>8);
printf("a frame of data : %02X %02X %02X %02X %02X %02X %02X %02X\r\n",buf[0],buf[1],buf[2],buf[3],buf[4],buf[5],buf[6],buf[7]);
return 0;
}
3.参考
- https://blog.csdn.net/leumber/article/details/54311811
- https://blog.csdn.net/zgrjkflmkyc/article/details/41073435
- https://zhuanlan.zhihu.com/p/143076567