在MailSenderAutoConfiguration自动配置类中,创建了一个Bean,其类为JavaMailSenderImpl,它是Spring专门用来发送Mail邮件的服务类,SpringBoot也使用它来发送邮件。它是JavaMailSender接口的实现类,通过它的send()方法来发送不同类型的邮件,主要分为两类,一类是简单的文本邮件,不带任何html格式,不带附件,不带图片等简单邮件,还有一类则是带有html格式文本或者链接,有附件或者图片的复杂邮件。
1.添加依赖
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-mail</artifactId>
</dependency>
2.添加配置
#jms
设置邮箱主机smtp.qq.com,smtp.163.com
spring.mail.host=smtp.163.com
# 设置用户名
spring.mail.username=bjgz1022@163.com
# 设置密码,主机若是qq,该处的密码是QQ邮箱开启SMTP的授权码而非QQ密码
spring.mail.password=
spring.mail.port=25
spring.mail.protocol=smtp
spring.mail.default-encoding=UTF-8
# 设置是否需要认证,如果为true,那么用户名和密码就必须的,
# 如果设置false,可以不设置用户名和密码,当然也得看你的对接的平台是否支持无密码进行访问的。
spring.mail.properties.mail.smtp.auth=true
# STARTTLS[1] 是对纯文本通信协议的扩展。它提供一种方式将纯文本连接升级为加密连接(TLS或SSL),而不是另外使用一个端口作加密通信。
spring.mail.properties.mail.smtp.starttls.enable=true
spring.mail.properties.mail.smtp.starttls.required=true
mail.from=${spring.mail.username}
mail.to=yyyyyy@qq.com
password密码信息填写。
3.实现
service接口
public interface MailService {
public void sendTxtMail(String subject, String text) throws Exception;
public void sendHtmlMail(String subject, String text, Map<String, String> attachmentMap) throws Exception;
public void sendAttachedImageMail() throws Exception;
public void sendAttendedFileMail() throws Exception;
public void sendTemplateMail(String subject, Map<String, Object> params) throws Exception;
}
实现类
@Service("mailService")
public class MailServiceImpl implements MailService {
@Autowired
private JavaMailSenderImpl mailSender;
@Override
public void sendTxtMail(String subject, String text) throws Exception {
SimpleMailMessage simpleMailMessage = new SimpleMailMessage();
// 设置收件人,寄件人,此处内容可配置
simpleMailMessage.setTo(new String[] {"bjxxx@163.com"});
simpleMailMessage.setFrom("bjxxx@163.com");
simpleMailMessage.setSubject(subject);
simpleMailMessage.setText(text);
// 发送邮件
mailSender.send(simpleMailMessage);
}
@Override
public void sendHtmlMail(String subject, String text, Map<String, String> attachmentMap) throws Exception {
MimeMessage mimeMessage = mailSender.createMimeMessage();
//是否发送的邮件是富文本(附件,图片,html等)
MimeMessageHelper mimeMessageHelper = new MimeMessageHelper(mimeMessage,true);
mimeMessageHelper.setTo("bjxxx@163.com");
mimeMessageHelper.setFrom("bjxxx@163.com");
mimeMessageHelper.setSubject(subject);
/*StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
sb.append("<html><head></head>");
sb.append("<body><h1>spring 邮件测试</h1><p>hello!this is spring mail test。</p></body>");
sb.append("</html>");*/
// 启用html
mimeMessageHelper.setText(/*sb.toString()*/text, true);//默认为false,显示原始html代码,无效果
// 发送邮件
mailSender.send(mimeMessage);
}
@Override
public void sendAttachedImageMail() throws Exception {
MimeMessage mimeMessage = mailSender.createMimeMessage();
// multipart模式
MimeMessageHelper mimeMessageHelper = new MimeMessageHelper(mimeMessage, true);
mimeMessageHelper.setTo("bjxxx@163.com");
mimeMessageHelper.setFrom("bjxxx@163.com");
mimeMessageHelper.setSubject("Spring Boot Mail 邮件测试【图片】");
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
sb.append("<html><head></head>");
sb.append("<body><h1>spring 邮件测试</h1><p>hello!this is spring mail test。</p>");
// cid为固定写法,imageId指定一个标识
sb.append("<img src=\"cid:imageId\"/></body>");
sb.append("</html>");
// 启用html
mimeMessageHelper.setText(sb.toString(), true);
// 设置imageId
FileSystemResource img = new FileSystemResource(new File("E:/1.jpg"));
mimeMessageHelper.addInline("imageId", img);
// 发送邮件
mailSender.send(mimeMessage);
}
@Override
public void sendAttendedFileMail() throws Exception {
MimeMessage mimeMessage = mailSender.createMimeMessage();
// multipart模式
MimeMessageHelper mimeMessageHelper = new MimeMessageHelper(mimeMessage, true, "utf-8");
mimeMessageHelper.setTo("bjxxx@163.com");
mimeMessageHelper.setFrom("bjxxx@163.com");
mimeMessageHelper.setSubject("Spring Boot Mail 邮件测试【附件】");
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
sb.append("<html><head></head>");
sb.append("<body><h1>spring 邮件测试</h1><p>hello!this is spring mail test。</p></body>");
sb.append("</html>");
// 启用html
mimeMessageHelper.setText(sb.toString(), true);
// 设置附件
FileSystemResource img = new FileSystemResource(new File("E:/1.jpg"));
mimeMessageHelper.addAttachment("image.jpg", img);
// 发送邮件
mailSender.send(mimeMessage);
}
@Override
public void sendTemplateMail(String subject, Map<String, Object> params) throws Exception {
MimeMessage mimeMessage = mailSender.createMimeMessage();
MimeMessageHelper helper = new MimeMessageHelper(mimeMessage, true);
helper.setFrom("bjxxx@163.com");
helper.setTo("bjxxx@163.com");
Configuration configuration = new Configuration(Configuration.VERSION_2_3_28);
configuration.setClassForTemplateLoading(this.getClass(), "/templates");
String html = FreeMarkerTemplateUtils.processTemplateIntoString(configuration.getTemplate("mail.ftl"), params);
helper.setSubject(subject);
helper.setText(html, true);//重点,默认为false,显示原始html代码,无效果
mailSender.send(mimeMessage);
}
}
4.测试
@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest
public class MailServiceImplTest {
@Autowired
private MailService mailService;
@Test
public void sendMail() throws Exception{
mailService.sendTxtMail("测试Springboot发送邮件", "发送邮件...");
}
@Test
public void send1Mail() throws Exception{
Map<String, String> attachmentMap = new HashMap<>();
attachmentMap.put("附件", "file.txt的绝对路径");
mailService.sendHtmlMail("测试Springboot发送带附件的邮件", "欢迎进入<a href=\"http://www.baidu.com\">百度首页</a>", attachmentMap);
}
@Test
public void testFreemarkerMail() throws Exception {
Map<String, Object> params = new HashMap<>();
params.put("username", "Cay");
mailService.sendTemplateMail("测试Springboot发送模版邮件", params);
}
}