Swift 通用类型AnyObject与Any的使用

//
//  AnyObjectType.swift
//  SwiftCode
//
//  Created by Alisa on 2022/4/12.
//  Copyright © 2022 Alisa. All rights reserved.
//

import Foundation

/*
    在实际开发中，开发者经常会使用一些通用类型。例如在ios的Cocoa框架中，NSObject类是大部分类的基类，在Objective-C语言中，使用id类型来描述通用的对象类型，在某些情况下，使用通用类型将为开发带来很大的方便
 
    在Swift中，通用类型有两种：AnyObject、Any
 
** AnyObject
    AnyObject来作为引用类型的通用类型，它不可以用来描述值的类型。比如不可以用于结构体、枚举等
 
 
** Any
    Any可以用来描述任意类型，包括值类型和引用类型
    
*/

//枚举：门店的类型
enum StoreType{
    case Food
    case Daily
    case Other
}

//结构体：门店的牌子
struct Brand{
    var color:String
    let hasLamp:Bool
    let type:StoreType
    
    //展示晚上的灯光效果
    func showTheNightStyle(){
        print("showTheNightStyle, the color is: \(self.color)")
    }
}

class Street{
    
    var stores:Array<AnyObject>     //这里使用AnyObject来定义数组中每个元素为引用的通用类型
    init() {
        self.stores = []
    }
    deinit{
        print("Street Deinit!")
    }
}

class FoodStore{
    var name:String
    init() {
        self.name = "Food Store"
    }
    deinit{
        print("FoodStoren Deinit!")
    }
}

class DailyExpensesStore{
    var name:String
    init() {
        self.name = "Daily Expenses Store"
    }
    deinit{
        print("DailyExpensesStore Deinit!")
    }
}

class AnyObjectType{
    
    //AnyObject通用类型的使用
    func useAnyObject(){
        
        let f_store = FoodStore()
        let de_store = DailyExpensesStore()
        
        let street = Street()
        street.stores.append(f_store)
        street.stores.append(de_store)
        street.stores.append(de_store)
        street.stores.append(f_store)
        
        for storeOne in street.stores{
            if storeOne is DailyExpensesStore{
                print("current store type is DelayedExecution")
            }
            if storeOne is FoodStore{
                print("current store type is FoodStore")
            }
        }
        /* 打印信息：
         current store type is FoodStore
         current store type is DelayedExecution
         current store type is DelayedExecution
         current store type is FoodStore
         Street Deinit!
         DailyExpensesStore Deinit!
         FoodStoren Deinit!
        */
        
    }
    
    //Any通用类型的使用
    func useAny(){
        
        let f_store = FoodStore()
        let de_store = DailyExpensesStore()
        
        let street = Street()
        
        let brandOne = Brand(color: "yellow", hasLamp: true, type: StoreType.Food)
        let brandTwo = Brand(color: "blue", hasLamp: false, type: StoreType.Food)
        
        let typeOne = StoreType.Daily
        let typeTwo = StoreType.Other
        
        let things:Array<Any> = [f_store, de_store, street, brandTwo, brandOne, typeOne, typeTwo]
        
        for one in things{
            if one is FoodStore{
                print("FoodStore!")
            }
            if one is Street{
                print("Street!")
            }
            if one is Brand{
                print("Brand")
                let oneThing:Brand = one as! Brand
                oneThing.showTheNightStyle()
            }
            if one is StoreType{
                let oneThing:StoreType = one as! StoreType
                print("this store type is: \(oneThing)")
            }
        }
        
        /* 打印信息：
         FoodStore!
         Street!
         Brand
         showTheNightStyle, the color is: blue
         Brand
         showTheNightStyle, the color is: yellow
         this store type is: Daily
         this store type is: Other
         Street Deinit!
         DailyExpensesStore Deinit!
         FoodStoren Deinit!
        */
    }
}