SSM框架入门配置流程(IDEA版本，适合初学者)

最新推荐文章于 2024-08-06 23:39:43 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2024-08-06 23:39:43 发布

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分类专栏： Spring 文章标签： java ssm idea

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/jiebaHZ/article/details/88873282

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一、代码目录结构

首先需要在IDEA下创建一个maven web项目，此处不再赘述，直接给出创建完成的图。

在这里插入图片描述

java(源码目录)

pojo: 实体层。对应的是实体类
mapper: mapper层。对应的是mybatis的mapper代理开发(可以和以前开发的dao层作类比)
service: 服务层。调用mapper层，实现相应的业务
controller:控制层。对应的是springmvc(相当于对servlet的封装)

resources(配置文件的目录)

二、添加maven依赖包

加入maven依赖：pom.xml

  <!--Maven依赖-->
    <dependencies>
        <!--单元测试依赖包-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>4.11</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>

        <!--数据库依赖包-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <version>5.1.6</version>
        </dependency>

        <!--数据库连接池-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
            <artifactId>commons-dbcp2</artifactId>
            <version>2.1.1</version>
        </dependency>

        <!--jackson依赖包，用于后面往前端发送json数据-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
            <artifactId>jackson-core</artifactId>
            <version>2.9.8</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
            <artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
            <version>2.9.8</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
            <artifactId>jackson-annotations</artifactId>
            <version>2.9.8</version>
        </dependency>

        <!--日志框架依赖包-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>commons-logging</groupId>
            <artifactId>commons-logging</artifactId>
            <version>1.2</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>log4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
            <version>1.2.17</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
            <version>1.7.25</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
            <version>1.7.25</version>
            <scope>compile</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.logging.log4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>log4j-api</artifactId>
            <version>2.3</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.logging.log4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>log4j-core</artifactId>
            <version>2.3</version>
        </dependency>

        <!--Spring依赖包-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
            <version>4.3.18.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
            <version>4.3.18.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
            <version>4.3.18.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-expression</artifactId>
            <version>4.3.18.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>
            <version>4.3.18.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
            <version>4.3.18.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
            <version>4.3.18.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
            <version>4.3.18.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>

        <!--Mybatis的依赖包-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
            <version>3.4.6</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.ant</groupId>
            <artifactId>ant</artifactId>
            <version>1.9.6</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.ant</groupId>
            <artifactId>ant-launcher</artifactId>
            <version>1.9.6</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>asm</groupId>
            <artifactId>asm</artifactId>
            <version>5.2</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>cglib</groupId>
            <artifactId>cglib</artifactId>
            <version>3.2.5</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.javassist</groupId>
            <artifactId>javassist</artifactId>
            <version>3.22.0-GA</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>ognl</groupId>
            <artifactId>ognl</artifactId>
            <version>3.1.16</version>
        </dependency>

        <!--Mybatis逆向工程-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mybatis.generator</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis-generator-core</artifactId>
            <version>1.3.5</version>
        </dependency>

        <!--Mybatis整合Spring依赖包-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
            <version>1.3.2</version>
        </dependency>

        <!--SpringMVC依赖包-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
            <version>4.3.18.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>jstl</groupId>
            <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
            <version>1.2</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

注意：这里需要在pom.xml的build标签下添加下面一段代码，否则可能会找不到配置文件

    <build>
        <!--如果不配置扫描文件夹，则检测不到配置文件-->
        <resources>
            <resource>
                <directory>src/main/java</directory>
                <includes>
                    <include>**/*.properties</include>
                    <include>**/*.xml</include>
                </includes>
                <filtering>false</filtering>
            </resource>
            <resource>
                <directory>src/main/resources</directory>
                <includes>
                    <include>**/*.properties</include>
                    <include>**/*.xml</include>
                </includes>
                <filtering>false</filtering>
            </resource>
        </resources>
    </build>

三、配置文件

首先看配置文件的目录：（配置文件最重要的就是把路径写对，还有就是名称要对应）

在这里插入图片描述

log4j.properties日志的配置文件

# Global logging configuration 开发时候建议使用 debug
log4j.rootLogger=DEBUG, stdout
# Console output...
log4j.appender.stdout=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender
log4j.appender.stdout.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.stdout.layout.ConversionPattern=%5p [%t] - %m%n

db.properties数据库配置文件要注意命名

#这里命名时最好加上jdbc.这个前缀来唯一标识这些属性名，否则可能和数据库字段名发生冲突
jdbc.driver=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/teachers_cluster?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8
jdbc.username=root
jdbc.password=root

mybatis-config.xml 这里mybatis采用mapper代理方式配置。动态代理会自动实现接口。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>
<!--这里配置mapper对应包的路径-->
    <mappers>
        <package name="com.han.mapper"/>
    </mappers>
</configuration>

xxxMapper.xml 这里mybatis采用mapper代理方式配置，该方式必须遵循一些规范：1.Mapper接口的名称要和xml文件一致；2.且必须在同一文件夹下；3.xxxMapper.xml文件中的statement的id必须和Mapper接口对应的方法名一致；4.xxxMapper.xml文件中的statement的返回值类型必须和Mapper接口对应方法的返回值类型一致。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">

<!-- namespace命名空间，作用就是对sql进行分类化管理，理解sql隔离
注意：使用mapper代理方法开发，namespace有特殊重要的作用，namespace等于mapper接口地址
-->
<mapper namespace="com.han.mapper.UserMapper">
	<!--这里是需要写sql的地方，要注意id和mapper接口方法名要一致-->
    <select id="findUserByName" parameterType="java.lang.String" resultType="com.han.pojo.User">
		select * from teacher_info where name like '%${value}%'
	</select>
</mapper>

applicationContext-mapper.xml 该配置文件是spring整合mybatis的配置文件，主要是配置一些数据库信息，加载mybatis配置文件，开启mapper扫描器。当spring容器加载以后，会自动创建相应的Mapper实现类并且执行sql语句。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
       xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
                        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
                        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
                        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd">

    <!-- 加载数据库连接的资源文件 -->
    <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:db.properties"/>

    <!-- 配置数据源   dbcp数据库连接池 -->
    <bean id="dataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp2.BasicDataSource" destroy-method="close">
        <property name="driverClassName" value="${jdbc.driver}"/>
        <property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}"/>
        <property name="username" value="${jdbc.username}"/>
        <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"/>
        <property name="maxTotal" value="10"/>
        <property name="maxIdle" value="5"/>
    </bean>

    <!-- 配置sqlSessionFactory -->
    <bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
        <!-- 数据库连接池 -->
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
        <!-- 加载Mybatis全局配置文件 -->
        <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:mybatis/mybatis-config.xml"/>
    </bean>

    <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property>
    </bean>
    <!--支持注解驱动的事务管理，指定事务管理器 -->
    <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager"/>

    <!-- 配置mapper扫描器 -->
    <bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
        <!-- 扫描包路径，如果需要扫描多个包中间用半角逗号隔开 -->
        <property name="basePackage" value="com.han.mapper"></property>
        <property name="sqlSessionFactoryBeanName" value="sqlSessionFactory"/>
    </bean>

</beans>

applicationContext-service.xml 该文件主要是配置serviceBean，可以采用配置文件的方式，也可以采用注解的方式。（此处采用注解方式）

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xsi:schemaLocation="
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
    <!--开启注解扫描-->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.han.service">
    </context:component-scan>
</beans>

springmvc-config.xml 该文件是springmvc的核心配置文件，配置控制器(此处使用扫描注解的方式)、适配器、映射器(此处使用注解驱动方式)和视图解析器。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd">

    <!--扫描Controller-->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.han.controller"></context:component-scan>

    <!--配置注解方式的映射器和适配器-->
    <mvc:annotation-driven></mvc:annotation-driven>

    <!--配置视图解析器，jsp解析，默认使用jstl标签，classpath下的有jstl的包-->
    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <!-- 配置jsp路径的前缀 -->
        <property name="prefix" value="WEB-INF/jsp/"/>
        <!-- 配置jsp路径的后缀 -->
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
    </bean>
</beans>

web.xml 一定不要忘记配置web.xml。它的作用就是在web服务器启动时加载相应的配置，加载spring容器(会自动生成前面配置的所有bean)，加载前端控制器。(相应的加载适配器、映射器和视图解析器等)

<!DOCTYPE web-app PUBLIC "-//Sun Microsystems, Inc.//DTD Web Application 2.3//EN"
        "http://java.sun.com/dtd/web-app_2_3.dtd" >
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"
         version="4.0">
    <display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name>

    <!-- 编码过滤器 -->
    <filter>
        <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
        <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>encoding</param-name>
            <param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
        </init-param>
    </filter>
    <filter-mapping>
        <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
    </filter-mapping>

    <!--加载Spring容器-->
    <context-param>
        <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
        <param-value>classpath:spring/applicationContext*.xml</param-value>
    </context-param>
    <listener>
        <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
    </listener>
    <!--加载SpringMVC前端控制器-->
    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
        <!--配置处理器映射器、适配器、视图解析器等-->
        <init-param>
            <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
            <param-value>classpath:springmvc/springmvc-config.xml</param-value>
        </init-param>
    </servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>

</web-app>