Android焦点分发基础

目录(?)[+]
本文转载自：http://www.cnblogs.com/myzh/p/3664544.html?utm_source=tuicool&utm_medium=referral 请尊重原创

焦点处理相关记录
以下所涉及的焦点部分，只是按键移动部分，不明确包含Touch Focus部分

需解决问题
控件的下一个焦点是哪？

分析思路
当用户通过按键（遥控器等）触发焦点切换时，事件指令会通过底层进行一系列处理。
在ViewRootImpl.java中有一个方法,deliverKeyEventPostIme(…),因为涉及到底层代码，所以没有详细的跟踪分析此方法的调用逻辑,根据网上的资料,按键相关的处理会经过此方法。

private void deliverKeyEventPostIme(QueuedInputEvent q) {
    ...
    // Handle automatic focus changes.
    if (event.getAction() == KeyEvent.ACTION_DOWN) {
        int direction = 0;
        switch (event.getKeyCode()) {
            case KeyEvent.KEYCODE_DPAD_LEFT:
                if (event.hasNoModifiers()) {
                    direction = View.FOCUS_LEFT;
                }
                break;
            case KeyEvent.KEYCODE_DPAD_RIGHT:
                if (event.hasNoModifiers()) {
                    direction = View.FOCUS_RIGHT;
                }
                break;
            ...
        }
        if (direction != 0) {
            View focused = mView.findFocus();
            if (focused != null) {
                View v = focused.focusSearch(direction);
                if (v != null && v != focused) {
                   .....
                    if (v.requestFocus(direction, mTempRect)) {
                        ...finishInputEvent(q, true);
                        return;
                    }
                }
                ...
            }
        }

由此方法可以看出，最主要的两个核心过程：

View v = focused.focusSearch(direction);
v.requestFocus(direction, mTempRect)

接下来详细的分析下，看看过程中进行了什么操作

具体分析
在具体分析前,首先我们先明确下相关变量的定义

View mView : 主体View[DecorView]

    //一般把主View“DecorView”添加到WindowManagerImpl中(通过addView)
    //WindowManagerImpl.java
        private void addView(View view...) {
            ViewRootImpl root;
            root = new ViewRootImpl(view.getContext());
            ...
            root.setView(view, wparams, panelParentView);
            ...
        }        
    //ViewRootImpl.java
    public void setView(View view....) {
        synchronized (this) {
            if (mView == null) {
                mView = view;
                ...
            }
        ...
        }
    }

所以mView是一个DecorView类型的变量.

View focused :

    View focused = mView.findFocus();        
    //PhoneWindow.java
    private final class DecorView extends FrameLayout implements RootVie.... {
        ...
    }        
    //FrameLayout.java
    public class FrameLayout extends ViewGroup {
        ...
    }        
    //ViewGroup.java
    //mFocused记录的是当前被焦点选中的view
    @Override
    public View findFocus() {
    if (DBG) {
        System.out.println("Find focus in " + this + ": flags="
                + isFocused() + ", child=" + mFocused);
    }
    if (isFocused()) {
        return this;
    }
    if (mFocused != null) {
        return mFocused.findFocus();
    }
    return null;
}

所以最终得到的focused为当前页面中得到焦点的view.

在明确的相关变量后,我们开始View v = focused.focusSearch(direction)的具体分析.

//View.java
public View focusSearch(int direction) {
//如果存在父控件,则执行父控件的focusSearch方法
if (mParent != null) {
return mParent.focusSearch(this, direction);
} else {
return null;
}
}
//ViewGroup.java
public View focusSearch(View focused, int direction) {
//判断是否为顶层布局,若是则执行对应方法,若不是则继续向上寻找,说明会从内到外的一层层进行判断，直到最外层的布局为止
if (isRootNamespace()) {
return FocusFinder.getInstance().findNextFocus(this, focused, direction);
} else if (mParent != null) {
return mParent.focusSearch(focused, direction);
}
return null;
}
说明在这个过程中,其实是从里层开始一直遍历到最外层布局，然后在最外层布局将处理交给了FocusFinder中的方法.

FocusFinder.getInstance().findNextFocus(this, focused, direction);

那我们来看看此方法具体做了什么操作

//FocusFinder.java
public final View findNextFocus(ViewGroup root, View focused, int direction) {
    return findNextFocus(root, focused, null, direction);
}
//FocusFinder.java
private View findNextFocus(ViewGroup root, View focused, Rect focusedRect, int direction) {
    View next = null;
    if (focused != null) {
        next = findNextUserSpecifiedFocus(root, focused, direction);
    }
    if (next != null) {
        return next;
    }
    ArrayList<View> focusables = mTempList;
    try {
        focusables.clear();
        root.addFocusables(focusables, direction);
        if (!focusables.isEmpty()) {
            next = findNextFocus(root, focused, focusedRect, direction, focusables);
        }
    } finally {
        focusables.clear();
    }
    return next;
}

发现在findNextFocus的执行过程的开始，先执行了findNextUserSpecifiedFocus(…)方法,由代码可以看出，此方法先去判断特定Id值是否存在,若存在则查询出Id对应的view.其实这些Id就是xml里通过android:nextFocusUp=”…”等或者代码特别指定的焦点顺序.所以在此过程先判断，若存在,说明下个焦点已经找到,直接返回.

//FocusFinder.java
private View findNextUserSpecifiedFocus(ViewGroup root, View focused, int direction) {
    // check for user specified next focus
    View userSetNextFocus = focused.findUserSetNextFocus(root, direction);
    if (userSetNextFocus != null && userSetNextFocus.isFocusable()
            && (!userSetNextFocus.isInTouchMode()
                    || userSetNextFocus.isFocusableInTouchMode())) {
        return userSetNextFocus;
    }
    return null;
}    
//View.java
View findUserSetNextFocus(View root, int direction) {
    switch (direction) {
        case FOCUS_LEFT:
            if (mNextFocusLeftId == View.NO_ID) return null;
            return findViewInsideOutShouldExist(root, mNextFocusLeftId);
        case FOCUS_RIGHT:
            if (mNextFocusRightId == View.NO_ID) return null;
            return findViewInsideOutShouldExist(root, mNextFocusRightId);
        case FOCUS_UP:
            if (mNextFocusUpId == View.NO_ID) return null;
            return findViewInsideOutShouldExist(root, mNextFocusUpId);
        case FOCUS_DOWN:
            if (mNextFocusDownId == View.NO_ID) return null;
            return findViewInsideOutShouldExist(root, mNextFocusDownId);
        case FOCUS_FORWARD:
            if (mNextFocusForwardId == View.NO_ID) return null;
            return findViewInsideOutShouldExist(root, mNextFocusForwardId);
        case FOCUS_BACKWARD: {
            if (mID == View.NO_ID) return null;
            final int id = mID;
            return root.findViewByPredicateInsideOut(this, new Predicate<View>() {
                @Override
                public boolean apply(View t) {
                    return t.mNextFocusForwardId == id;
                }
            });
        }
    }
    return null;
}

如果上面过程没有查询到，则会执行到findNextFocus(…)方法.在这个方法中，先通过offsetDescendantRectToMyCoords(…)方法获得焦点控件的位置矩阵.然后通过比较得到下一个焦点的控件。具体的比较规则可以查看findNextFocusInRelativeDirection(…)方法与findNextFocusInAbsoluteDirection(…)方法.

//FocusFinder.java
private View findNextFocus(ViewGroup root, View focused, Rect focusedRect,
        int direction, ArrayList<View> focusables) {
    if (focused != null) {
        if (focusedRect == null) {
            focusedRect = mFocusedRect;
        }
        // fill in interesting rect from focused
        focused.getFocusedRect(focusedRect);
        root.offsetDescendantRectToMyCoords(focused, focusedRect);
    } else {
        if (focusedRect == null) {
            focusedRect = mFocusedRect;
            // make up a rect at top left or bottom right of root
            switch (direction) {
                case View.FOCUS_RIGHT:
                case View.FOCUS_DOWN:
                    setFocusTopLeft(root, focusedRect);
                    break;
                case View.FOCUS_FORWARD:
                    if (root.isLayoutRtl()) {
                        setFocusBottomRight(root, focusedRect);
                    } else {
                        setFocusTopLeft(root, focusedRect);
                    }
                    break;
                case View.FOCUS_LEFT:
                case View.FOCUS_UP:
                    setFocusBottomRight(root, focusedRect);
                    break;
                case View.FOCUS_BACKWARD:
                    if (root.isLayoutRtl()) {
                        setFocusTopLeft(root, focusedRect);
                    } else {
                        setFocusBottomRight(root, focusedRect);
                    break;
                }
            }
        }
    }
    switch (direction) {
        case View.FOCUS_FORWARD:
        case View.FOCUS_BACKWARD:
            return findNextFocusInRelativeDirection(focusables, root, focused, focusedRect,
                    direction);
        case View.FOCUS_UP:
        case View.FOCUS_DOWN:
        case View.FOCUS_LEFT:
        case View.FOCUS_RIGHT:
            return findNextFocusInAbsoluteDirection(focusables, root, focused,
                    focusedRect, direction);
        default:
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Unknown direction: " + direction);
    }
}

结论
查找焦点的过程，主要是从View的focusSearch(…)方法开始,从当前焦点开始逐层往外,最终在最外层布局执行FocusFinder中的核心方法来获得下个焦点所在的视图view.

如果需要指定跳转，可以在逐层focusSearch(…)的时候，返回特定的view