Android无线蓝牙开发总结
2016年12月25日 17:06:21 峥嵘life 阅读数:4091 标签: android蓝牙通信 更多
个人分类: android
版权声明:本文为博主原创文章。只要评论中留言就可以转载。 https://blog.csdn.net/wenzhi20102321/article/details/53870789
一.蓝牙基础知识
蓝牙(Bluetooth)是一种短距离的无线通信技术标准。这个名子来源于10世纪丹麦国王Harald Blatand,英文名子是Harold Bluetooth。
(一)蓝牙的四层协议
蓝牙协议分为4层,即核心协议层、电缆替代协议层、电话控制协议层和采纳的其它协议层。这4种协议中最重要的是核心协议。蓝牙的核心协议包括基带、链路管理、逻辑链路控制和适应协议四部分。其中链路管理(LMP)负责蓝牙组件间连接的建立。逻辑链路控制与适应协议(L2CAP)位于基带协议层上,属于数据链路层,是一个为高层传输和应用层协议屏蔽基带协议的适配协议。
(二)蓝牙的操作
Android提供蓝牙API来执行这些不同的操作。
1. 开关蓝牙
2. 扫描其他蓝牙设备
3. 获取配对设备列表
4. 连接到通过服务发现其他设备
(三)蓝牙权限
1. android.permission.BLUETOOTH:
允许程序连接到已配对的蓝牙设备,请求连接/接收连接/传输数据需要改权限, 主要用于对配对后进行操作;
2. android.permission.BLUETOOTH_ADMIN :
允许程序发现和配对蓝牙设备, 该权限用来管理蓝牙设备, 有了这个权限, 应用才能使用本机的蓝牙设备, 主要用于对配对前的操作;
(四)BluetoothAdapter
BluetoothAdapter代表了移动设备的本地的蓝牙适配器, 通过该蓝牙适配器可以对蓝牙进行基本操作
BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter()该静态方法可以获取该适配器对象.
(五)蓝牙的BluetoothAdapter .STATE 状态值 , 即开关状态
1.蓝牙关闭 int STATE_OFF //值为10, 蓝牙模块处于关闭状态;
2.蓝牙打开中 int STATE_TURNING_ON //值为11, 蓝牙模块正在打开;
3.蓝牙开启 int STATE_ON //值为12, 蓝牙模块处于开启状态;
4. 蓝牙开启中 int STATE_TURNING_OFF //值为13, 蓝牙模块正在关闭;
蓝牙开关状态顺序 : STATE_OFF –> STATE_TURNING_ON –> STATE_ON –>STATE_TURNING_OFF –> STATE_OFF;
(六)BluetoothAdapter SCAN_MOD状态值 ,即扫描状态
- 无功能状态 : int SCAN_MODE_NONE //值为20, 查询扫描和页面扫描都失效,
该状态下蓝牙模块既不能扫描其它设备, 也不可见;- 扫描状态 : int SCAN_MODE_CONNECTABLE //值为21, 查询扫描失效, 页面扫描有效,
该状态下蓝牙模块可以扫描其它设备, 从可见性来说只对已配对的蓝牙设备可见, 只有配对的设备才能主动连接本设备;- 可见状态 : int SCAN_MODE_CONNECTABLE_DISCOVERABLE //值为23, 查询扫描和页
面扫描都有效;
(七)打开/关闭蓝牙的两种方法:
1.直接调用函数enable()去打开蓝牙设备 ;
2.系统API去打开蓝牙设备,该方式会弹出一个对话框样式的Activity供用户选择是否打开蓝牙设备。
代码示例:
<span style="color:#000000"><code><span style="color:#880000">//第一种启动蓝牙的方法,不推荐</span>
<span style="color:#880000">//bluetoothAdapter.enable();</span>
<span style="color:#880000">//第二种启动蓝牙的方法,推荐</span>
startActivityForResult(<span style="color:#000088">new</span> Intent(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_REQUEST_ENABLE), REQUEST_ENABLE);
<span style="color:#880000">//第二种方法要写数据回调方法</span>
<span style="color:#880000">/**
* 数据回调方法
*/</span>
<span style="color:#9b859d">@Override</span>
<span style="color:#000088">protected</span> <span style="color:#000088">void</span> <span style="color:#009900">onActivityResult</span>(<span style="color:#000088">int</span> requestCode, <span style="color:#000088">int</span> resultCode, Intent data) {
<span style="color:#000088">super</span>.onActivityResult(requestCode, resultCode, data);
<span style="color:#000088">if</span> (requestCode == REQUEST_ENABLE) {
<span style="color:#000088">if</span> (resultCode == RESULT_OK) {
Toast.makeText(<span style="color:#000088">this</span>, <span style="color:#009900">"蓝牙已开启"</span>, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
<span style="color:#880000">// getMyBondedDevices();//获取绑定的蓝牙设备</span>
adapter.notifyDataSetChanged();<span style="color:#880000">//刷新适配器</span>
} <span style="color:#000088">else</span> {
Toast.makeText(<span style="color:#000088">this</span>, <span style="color:#009900">"蓝牙未开启"</span>, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
}
}</code></span>
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(八)关闭蓝牙,直接调用API 函数即disable()即可。
public boolean disable ()
返回值:该函数会立即返回。
1.true 表示关闭操作成功
2. false 表示蓝牙操作失败 , ①、当前蓝牙已经关闭 ; ②、其他一些异常情况
(九)扫描蓝牙设备
<span style="color:#000000"><code> 1.public boolean startDiscovery ()
功能: 扫描蓝牙设备的开启
注意: 如果蓝牙没有开启,该方法会返回false ,即不会开始扫描过程。
2.public boolean cancelDiscovery ()
功能: 取消扫描过程。
注意: 如果蓝牙没有开启,该方法会返回false。
3.public boolean isDiscovering ()
功能: 是否正在处于扫描过程中。
注意: 如果蓝牙没有开启,该方法会返回false。
</code></span>
这里要特别注意,蓝牙扫描的时候,它会发出系统的广播,这是我们就要创建广播接收者来接收数据,数据里面就有蓝牙的设备对象和名称等等,广播也是蓝牙知识的重中之重。
(十)蓝牙的广播
Action值 | 说明 |
---|---|
ACTION_STATE_CHANGED | 蓝牙状态值发生改变 |
*ACTION_SCAN_MODE_CHANGED | 蓝牙扫描状态(SCAN_MODE)发生改变* |
ACTION_DISCOVERY_STARTED | 蓝牙扫描过程开始 |
ACTION_DISCOVERY_FINISHED | 蓝牙扫描过程结束 |
ACTION_LOCAL_NAME_CHANGED | 蓝牙设备Name发生改变 |
ACTION_REQUEST_DISCOVERABLE | 请求用户选择是否使该蓝牙能被扫描 |
PS:如果蓝牙没有开启,用户点击确定后,会首先开启蓝牙,继而设置蓝牙能被扫描。
Action值: ACTION_REQUEST_ENABLE // 请求用户选择是否打开蓝牙
示例:
创建广播接收者:
<span style="color:#000000"><code><span style="color:#880000">/**
* 广播接收者的创建
*/</span>
<span style="color:#000088">private</span> BroadcastReceiver receiver = <span style="color:#000088">new</span> BroadcastReceiver() {
<span style="color:#9b859d">@Override</span>
<span style="color:#000088">public</span> <span style="color:#000088">void</span> <span style="color:#009900">onReceive</span>(Context context, Intent intent) {
<span style="color:#880000">//获取设备的发送的广播</span>
<span style="color:#880000">//做数据处理</span>
}
};</code></span>
注册广播接收者
<span style="color:#000000"><code><span style="color:#880000">/**
* 广播的注册,注意这里Action可以添加多个
*/</span>
<span style="color:#9b859d">@Override</span>
<span style="color:#000088">protected</span> <span style="color:#000088">void</span> <span style="color:#009900">onResume</span>() {
<span style="color:#000088">super</span>.onResume();
<span style="color:#880000">//添加蓝牙广播的Action,发现蓝牙设备时的Action</span>
IntentFilter intentFilter = <span style="color:#000088">new</span>
IntentFilter(BluetoothDevice.ACTION_FOUND);
<span style="color:#880000">//添加蓝牙广播的Action,蓝牙设备扫描完毕时的Action </span>
intentFilter.addAction(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_DISCOVERY_FINISHED);
registerReceiver(receiver, intentFilter);<span style="color:#880000">//注册广播接收者</span>
}</code></span>
广播的注销
<span style="color:#000000"><code><span style="color:#880000">/**
* 广播的停止
*/</span>
<span style="color:#9b859d">@Override</span>
<span style="color:#000088">protected</span> <span style="color:#000088">void</span> <span style="color:#009900">onPause</span>() {
<span style="color:#000088">super</span>.onPause();
unregisterReceiver(receiver);<span style="color:#880000">//取消广播</span>
}</code></span>
一般监听发现蓝牙和蓝牙扫描完成的广播就可以了。
通过广播接收数据后,再对数据进行处理。就可以看到我们手机上显示的蓝牙设设备名称和其他信息。
(十一)获取蓝牙的相关信息的方法
1.public String getName ()
功能:获取蓝牙设备Name
2.public String getAddress ()
功能:获取蓝牙设备的硬件地址(MAC地址),例如:00:11:22:AA:BB:CC
3.public boolean setName (String name)
功能:设置蓝牙设备的Name。
4.public SetgetBondedDevices ()
功能:获取与本机蓝牙所有绑定的远程蓝牙信息,以BluetoothDevice类实例(稍后讲到)返回。
注意:如果蓝牙未开启,该函数会返回一个空集合 。
5.public static boolean checkBluetoothAddress (String address)
<span style="color:#000000"><code> 功能: 验证蓝牙设备MAC地址是否有效。所有设备地址的英文字母必须大写,48位,形如:00:43:A8:23:10:F1 。
</code></span>
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返回值: true 设备地址有效,false 设备地址无效
6.public BluetoothDevice getRemoteDevice (String address)
功能:以给定的MAC地址去创建一个 BluetoothDevice 类实例(代表远程蓝牙实例)。即使该蓝牙地址不可见,也会产生 一个BluetoothDevice 类实例。
返回:BluetoothDevice 类实例 。注意,如果该蓝牙设备MAC地址不能被识别,其蓝牙Name为null。
异常:如果MAC address无效,抛出IllegalArgumentException。
使用上面的方法就可以对蓝牙进行扫描显示。但是要使用蓝牙通信就要使用到Socket编程了。
二.蓝牙Socket通信
关于Socket编程,之前有一篇java的简介和使用示例:
http://blog.csdn.net/wenzhi20102321/article/details/52620323
(一)UUID
在蓝牙中,每个服务和服务属性都唯一地由 全局唯一标识符 ,Universally Unique Identifier(UUID)来校验。正如它的名字所暗示的,每一个这样的标识符都要在时空上保证唯一。UUID类可表现为短整形(16或32位)和长整形(128 位)UUID。他提供了分别利用String和16位或32位数值来创建类的构造函数,提供了一个可以比较两个UUID(如果两个都是128位)的方法,还有一个可以转换一个UUID为一个字符串的方法。UUID实例是不可改变的(immutable),只有被UUID标示的服务可以被发现。
UUID的格式被分成5段,其中中间3段的字符数相同,都是4个,第1段是8个字符,最后一段是12个字符。所以UUID实际上是8个-4个-4个-4个-12个的字符串。
UUID相当于Socket的端口,而蓝牙地址相当于Socket的IP。两个蓝牙设备进行连接时需要使用同一个UUID, 这是一个服务的唯一标识,而且这个UUID的值必须是
00001101-0000-1000-8000-00805F9B34FB
上面这个UUID,直接复制使用就可以了。
下面是蓝牙Socket使用示例:
三.蓝牙Socket通信示例
程序实现两台手机的蓝牙发送消息,并接受消息。这里的蓝牙是不需要网络支持的。
程序运行后,扫描蓝牙后的界面:
程序进行通信后的界面,要两个手机哦!
两个手机,其中一个设置为服务器,然后点击连接的手机,就可以进行消息发送和接收了。
上面只是实现文本通信,文本也只是进行简单处理。
程序设计代码:
(一)添加权限
<span style="color:#000000"><code><span style="color:#006666"><<span style="color:#4f4f4f">uses-permission</span> <span style="color:#4f4f4f">android:name</span>=<span style="color:#009900">"android.permission.BLUETOOTH_ADMIN"</span> /></span>
<span style="color:#006666"><<span style="color:#4f4f4f">uses-permission</span> <span style="color:#4f4f4f">android:name</span>=<span style="color:#009900">"android.permission.BLUETOOTH"</span> /></span>
<span style="color:#880000"><!--6.0以上才要加的额外权限 --></span>
<span style="color:#006666"><<span style="color:#4f4f4f">uses-permission</span> <span style="color:#4f4f4f">android:name</span>=<span style="color:#009900">"android.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION"</span> /></span></code></span>
(二)布局文件的设计
<span style="color:#000000"><code><span style="color:#006666"><?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?></span>
<span style="color:#006666"><<span style="color:#4f4f4f">LinearLayout</span> <span style="color:#4f4f4f">xmlns:android</span>=<span style="color:#009900">"http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"</span>
<span style="color:#4f4f4f">android:layout_width</span>=<span style="color:#009900">"match_parent"</span>
<span style="color:#4f4f4f">android:layout_height</span>=<span style="color:#009900">"match_parent"</span>
<span style="color:#4f4f4f">android:orientation</span>=<span style="color:#009900">"vertical"</span>></span>
<span style="color:#006666"><<span style="color:#4f4f4f">Button
</span> <span style="color:#4f4f4f">android:layout_width</span>=<span style="color:#009900">"match_parent"</span>
<span style="color:#4f4f4f">android:layout_height</span>=<span style="color:#009900">"wrap_content"</span>
<span style="color:#4f4f4f">android:onClick</span>=<span style="color:#009900">"open"</span>
<span style="color:#4f4f4f">android:text</span>=<span style="color:#009900">"开启蓝牙"</span> /></span>
<span style="color:#006666"><<span style="color:#4f4f4f">Button
</span> <span style="color:#4f4f4f">android:layout_width</span>=<span style="color:#009900">"match_parent"</span>
<span style="color:#4f4f4f">android:layout_height</span>=<span style="color:#009900">"wrap_content"</span>
<span style="color:#4f4f4f">android:onClick</span>=<span style="color:#009900">"close"</span>
<span style="color:#4f4f4f">android:text</span>=<span style="color:#009900">"关闭蓝牙"</span> /></span>
<span style="color:#006666"><<span style="color:#4f4f4f">Button
</span> <span style="color:#4f4f4f">android:layout_width</span>=<span style="color:#009900">"match_parent"</span>
<span style="color:#4f4f4f">android:layout_height</span>=<span style="color:#009900">"wrap_content"</span>
<span style="color:#4f4f4f">android:onClick</span>=<span style="color:#009900">"found"</span>
<span style="color:#4f4f4f">android:text</span>=<span style="color:#009900">"暴露自己的设备名称"</span> /></span>
<span style="color:#006666"><<span style="color:#4f4f4f">Button
</span> <span style="color:#4f4f4f">android:layout_width</span>=<span style="color:#009900">"match_parent"</span>
<span style="color:#4f4f4f">android:layout_height</span>=<span style="color:#009900">"wrap_content"</span>
<span style="color:#4f4f4f">android:onClick</span>=<span style="color:#009900">"scan"</span>
<span style="color:#4f4f4f">android:text</span>=<span style="color:#009900">"扫描蓝牙设备"</span> /></span>
<span style="color:#006666"><<span style="color:#4f4f4f">Button
</span> <span style="color:#4f4f4f">android:layout_width</span>=<span style="color:#009900">"match_parent"</span>
<span style="color:#4f4f4f">android:layout_height</span>=<span style="color:#009900">"wrap_content"</span>
<span style="color:#4f4f4f">android:onClick</span>=<span style="color:#009900">"createServer"</span>
<span style="color:#4f4f4f">android:text</span>=<span style="color:#009900">"设置为蓝牙服务端"</span> /></span>
<span style="color:#006666"><<span style="color:#4f4f4f">Button
</span> <span style="color:#4f4f4f">android:layout_width</span>=<span style="color:#009900">"match_parent"</span>
<span style="color:#4f4f4f">android:layout_height</span>=<span style="color:#009900">"wrap_content"</span>
<span style="color:#4f4f4f">android:onClick</span>=<span style="color:#009900">"listen"</span>
<span style="color:#4f4f4f">android:text</span>=<span style="color:#009900">"监听数据的接收"</span> /></span>
<span style="color:#006666"><<span style="color:#4f4f4f">LinearLayout
</span> <span style="color:#4f4f4f">android:layout_width</span>=<span style="color:#009900">"match_parent"</span>
<span style="color:#4f4f4f">android:layout_height</span>=<span style="color:#009900">"wrap_content"</span>
<span style="color:#4f4f4f">android:orientation</span>=<span style="color:#009900">"horizontal"</span>></span>
<span style="color:#006666"><<span style="color:#4f4f4f">EditText
</span> <span style="color:#4f4f4f">android:id</span>=<span style="color:#009900">"@+id/et_send"</span>
<span style="color:#4f4f4f">android:layout_width</span>=<span style="color:#009900">"0dp"</span>
<span style="color:#4f4f4f">android:layout_height</span>=<span style="color:#009900">"wrap_content"</span>
<span style="color:#4f4f4f">android:layout_weight</span>=<span style="color:#009900">"2"</span>
<span style="color:#4f4f4f">android:singleLine</span>=<span style="color:#009900">"true"</span> /></span>
<span style="color:#006666"><<span style="color:#4f4f4f">Button
</span> <span style="color:#4f4f4f">android:id</span>=<span style="color:#009900">"@+id/btn_send"</span>
<span style="color:#4f4f4f">android:layout_width</span>=<span style="color:#009900">"0dp"</span>
<span style="color:#4f4f4f">android:layout_height</span>=<span style="color:#009900">"wrap_content"</span>
<span style="color:#4f4f4f">android:layout_weight</span>=<span style="color:#009900">"1"</span>
<span style="color:#4f4f4f">android:onClick</span>=<span style="color:#009900">"send"</span>
<span style="color:#4f4f4f">android:text</span>=<span style="color:#009900">"send"</span> /></span>
<span style="color:#006666"></<span style="color:#4f4f4f">LinearLayout</span>></span>
<span style="color:#006666"><<span style="color:#4f4f4f">ScrollView
</span> <span style="color:#4f4f4f">android:layout_width</span>=<span style="color:#009900">"match_parent"</span>
<span style="color:#4f4f4f">android:layout_height</span>=<span style="color:#009900">"match_parent"</span>></span>
<span style="color:#006666"><<span style="color:#4f4f4f">LinearLayout
</span> <span style="color:#4f4f4f">android:layout_width</span>=<span style="color:#009900">"match_parent"</span>
<span style="color:#4f4f4f">android:layout_height</span>=<span style="color:#009900">"match_parent"</span>
<span style="color:#4f4f4f">android:orientation</span>=<span style="color:#009900">"vertical"</span>></span>
<span style="color:#006666"><<span style="color:#4f4f4f">TextView
</span> <span style="color:#4f4f4f">android:id</span>=<span style="color:#009900">"@+id/tv_show"</span>
<span style="color:#4f4f4f">android:layout_width</span>=<span style="color:#009900">"match_parent"</span>
<span style="color:#4f4f4f">android:layout_height</span>=<span style="color:#009900">"wrap_content"</span> /></span>
<span style="color:#006666"><<span style="color:#4f4f4f">TextView
</span> <span style="color:#4f4f4f">android:id</span>=<span style="color:#009900">"@+id/tv_show_service"</span>
<span style="color:#4f4f4f">android:layout_width</span>=<span style="color:#009900">"match_parent"</span>
<span style="color:#4f4f4f">android:layout_height</span>=<span style="color:#009900">"wrap_content"</span>
<span style="color:#4f4f4f">android:gravity</span>=<span style="color:#009900">"right"</span> /></span>
<span style="color:#006666"><<span style="color:#4f4f4f">ListView
</span> <span style="color:#4f4f4f">android:id</span>=<span style="color:#009900">"@+id/lv"</span>
<span style="color:#4f4f4f">android:layout_width</span>=<span style="color:#009900">"match_parent"</span>
<span style="color:#4f4f4f">android:layout_height</span>=<span style="color:#009900">"200dp"</span> /></span>
<span style="color:#006666"></<span style="color:#4f4f4f">LinearLayout</span>></span>
<span style="color:#006666"></<span style="color:#4f4f4f">ScrollView</span>></span>
<span style="color:#006666"></<span style="color:#4f4f4f">LinearLayout</span>></span></code></span>
(三)可读写流的类
<span style="color:#000000"><code><span style="color:#000088">package</span> fuxi.bluetooth20;
<span style="color:#000088">import</span> android.bluetooth.BluetoothSocket;
<span style="color:#000088">import</span> android.util.Log;
<span style="color:#000088">import</span> java.io.InputStream;
<span style="color:#000088">import</span> java.io.OutputStream;
<span style="color:#880000">/**
* 在子线程中进行读写操作
*/</span>
<span style="color:#000088">public</span> <span style="color:#000088">class</span> <span style="color:#4f4f4f">RWStream</span> <span style="color:#000088">extends</span> <span style="color:#4f4f4f">Thread</span> {
InputStream is;<span style="color:#880000">//输入流</span>
OutputStream os;<span style="color:#880000">//输出流</span>
<span style="color:#880000">//蓝牙的Socket对象</span>
<span style="color:#000088">private</span> <span style="color:#000088">final</span> BluetoothSocket socket;
<span style="color:#880000">//通过构造方法传入Socket对象</span>
<span style="color:#000088">public</span> <span style="color:#009900">RWStream</span>(BluetoothSocket socket) {
<span style="color:#000088">this</span>.socket = socket;
}
<span style="color:#9b859d">@Override</span>
<span style="color:#000088">public</span> <span style="color:#000088">void</span> <span style="color:#009900">run</span>() {
<span style="color:#000088">super</span>.run();
<span style="color:#000088">try</span> {
is = socket.getInputStream();<span style="color:#880000">//获取Socket的输入流</span>
os = socket.getOutputStream();<span style="color:#880000">//获取Socket的输出流</span>
<span style="color:#000088">byte</span>[] buf = <span style="color:#000088">new</span> <span style="color:#000088">byte</span>[<span style="color:#006666">1024</span>];
<span style="color:#000088">int</span> len = <span style="color:#006666">0</span>;
Log.e(<span style="color:#009900">"TAG"</span>, <span style="color:#009900">"-----------开始读取----(is==null) "</span> + (is == <span style="color:#000088">null</span>));
<span style="color:#000088">while</span> (socket.isConnected()) {<span style="color:#880000">//当Socket是连接状态时,就一直进行数据的读取</span>
<span style="color:#000088">while</span> ((len = is.read(buf)) != -<span style="color:#006666">1</span>) {
String message = <span style="color:#000088">new</span> String(buf, <span style="color:#006666">0</span>, len);
<span style="color:#880000">//获取流里面的数据</span>
Log.e(<span style="color:#009900">"TAG"</span>, <span style="color:#009900">"----------"</span> + message);
<span style="color:#880000">//如果在另一端设置的接口对象,那么就传递数据</span>
<span style="color:#000088">if</span> (dateShow != <span style="color:#000088">null</span>) {
dateShow.getMessager(message);
}
}
}
} <span style="color:#000088">catch</span> (Exception e) {
Log.e(<span style="color:#009900">"TAG"</span>, <span style="color:#009900">"-----------线程异常"</span>);
}
}
<span style="color:#880000">/**
* 数据的写入
*/</span>
<span style="color:#000088">public</span> <span style="color:#000088">void</span> <span style="color:#009900">write</span>(String msg) {
Log.e(<span style="color:#009900">"TAG"</span>, <span style="color:#009900">"--------os!=null "</span> + (os != <span style="color:#000088">null</span>));
<span style="color:#000088">if</span> (os != <span style="color:#000088">null</span>) {
<span style="color:#000088">try</span> {
<span style="color:#880000">//Socket数据的写入</span>
os.write(msg.getBytes());
<span style="color:#880000">//刷新输出流数据</span>
os.flush();
} <span style="color:#000088">catch</span> (Exception e) {
Log.e(<span style="color:#009900">"TAG"</span>, <span style="color:#009900">"---写入--------异常"</span> + e.getMessage());
}
}
}
<span style="color:#880000">/**
* 定义接口实现数据回调
*/</span>
interface DataShow {
<span style="color:#880000">//返回数据,读取到的字符串,传递过去</span>
<span style="color:#000088">void</span> getMessager(String message);
}
<span style="color:#880000">//定义接口对象</span>
DataShow dateShow;
<span style="color:#880000">//接口的对象的设置方法</span>
<span style="color:#000088">public</span> <span style="color:#000088">void</span> <span style="color:#009900">setDataShow</span>(DataShow dateShow) {
<span style="color:#000088">this</span>.dateShow = dateShow;
}
}</code></span>
(四)蓝牙服务器端(Socket服务端)的设计
<span style="color:#000000"><code><span style="color:#000088">package</span> fuxi.bluetooth20;
<span style="color:#000088">import</span> android.bluetooth.BluetoothAdapter;
<span style="color:#000088">import</span> android.bluetooth.BluetoothServerSocket;
<span style="color:#000088">import</span> android.bluetooth.BluetoothSocket;
<span style="color:#000088">import</span> android.util.Log;
<span style="color:#000088">import</span> java.io.IOException;
<span style="color:#880000">/**
* 蓝牙设置的服务器端
*/</span>
<span style="color:#000088">public</span> <span style="color:#000088">class</span> <span style="color:#4f4f4f">BlueServer</span> <span style="color:#000088">extends</span> <span style="color:#4f4f4f">Thread</span> {
<span style="color:#880000">//可读写数据的对象</span>
RWStream rwStream;
<span style="color:#000088">public</span> RWStream <span style="color:#009900">getRwStream</span>() {
<span style="color:#000088">return</span> rwStream;
}
<span style="color:#880000">//蓝牙设备管理器</span>
<span style="color:#000088">private</span> <span style="color:#000088">final</span> BluetoothAdapter adapter;
<span style="color:#880000">//通过构造方法传入设置管理器</span>
<span style="color:#000088">public</span> <span style="color:#009900">BlueServer</span>(BluetoothAdapter adapter) {
<span style="color:#000088">this</span>.adapter = adapter;
}
<span style="color:#880000">//线程内的任务</span>
<span style="color:#9b859d">@Override</span>
<span style="color:#000088">public</span> <span style="color:#000088">void</span> <span style="color:#009900">run</span>() {
<span style="color:#000088">super</span>.run();
<span style="color:#000088">try</span> {
<span style="color:#880000">//创建蓝牙服务端的Socket,这里第一个参数是服务器的名称,第二个参数是UUID的字符串的值</span>
BluetoothServerSocket socket = adapter.listenUsingRfcommWithServiceRecord(<span style="color:#009900">"server"</span>, MainActivity.uuid);
Log.e(<span style="color:#009900">"TAG"</span>, <span style="color:#009900">"--------------->>开始监听客户端连接"</span>);
<span style="color:#880000">//获取蓝牙客户端对象,这是一个同步方法,用客户端接入才有后面的操作</span>
BluetoothSocket client = socket.accept();
Log.e(<span style="color:#009900">"TAG"</span>, <span style="color:#009900">"--------------->>有客户端接入"</span>);
<span style="color:#880000">//获取可读可写对象</span>
rwStream = <span style="color:#000088">new</span> RWStream(client);
<span style="color:#880000">//开始可读可写线程的操作,这里是一直在读取数据的状态</span>
rwStream.start();
} <span style="color:#000088">catch</span> (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}</code></span>
(五)主方法类的设计
<span style="color:#000000"><code><span style="color:#000088">package</span> fuxi.bluetooth20;
<span style="color:#000088">import</span> android.Manifest;
<span style="color:#000088">import</span> android.bluetooth.BluetoothAdapter;
<span style="color:#000088">import</span> android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice;
<span style="color:#000088">import</span> android.bluetooth.BluetoothSocket;
<span style="color:#000088">import</span> android.content.BroadcastReceiver;
<span style="color:#000088">import</span> android.content.Context;
<span style="color:#000088">import</span> android.content.Intent;
<span style="color:#000088">import</span> android.content.IntentFilter;
<span style="color:#000088">import</span> android.content.pm.PackageManager;
<span style="color:#000088">import</span> android.graphics.Color;
<span style="color:#000088">import</span> android.os.Build;
<span style="color:#000088">import</span> android.os.Bundle;
<span style="color:#000088">import</span> android.os.Handler;
<span style="color:#000088">import</span> android.os.Message;
<span style="color:#000088">import</span> android.support.annotation.NonNull;
<span style="color:#000088">import</span> android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
<span style="color:#000088">import</span> android.text.TextUtils;
<span style="color:#000088">import</span> android.util.Log;
<span style="color:#000088">import</span> android.view.View;
<span style="color:#000088">import</span> android.widget.AdapterView;
<span style="color:#000088">import</span> android.widget.ArrayAdapter;
<span style="color:#000088">import</span> android.widget.Button;
<span style="color:#000088">import</span> android.widget.EditText;
<span style="color:#000088">import</span> android.widget.ListView;
<span style="color:#000088">import</span> android.widget.TextView;
<span style="color:#000088">import</span> android.widget.Toast;
<span style="color:#000088">import</span> java.io.IOException;
<span style="color:#000088">import</span> java.util.ArrayList;
<span style="color:#000088">import</span> java.util.List;
<span style="color:#000088">import</span> java.util.UUID;
<span style="color:#000088">import</span> <span style="color:#000088">static</span> android.util.Log.e;
<span style="color:#880000">/**
* 蓝牙的使用示例
*/</span>
<span style="color:#000088">public</span> <span style="color:#000088">class</span> <span style="color:#4f4f4f">MainActivity</span> <span style="color:#000088">extends</span> <span style="color:#4f4f4f">AppCompatActivity</span> {
<span style="color:#880000">//控制蓝牙设备的对象</span>
BluetoothAdapter bluetoothAdapter;
<span style="color:#880000">//布局内的ListView控件</span>
ListView listView;
TextView tv_show;
TextView tv_show_service;
EditText et_send;
Button btn_send;
ArrayAdapter adapter;<span style="color:#880000">//适配器对象的定义</span>
<span style="color:#880000">//蓝牙设备的对象的集合</span>
ArrayList<BluetoothDevice> devices = <span style="color:#000088">new</span> ArrayList<>();
<span style="color:#880000">//设备的名称集合</span>
ArrayList<String> deviceNames = <span style="color:#000088">new</span> ArrayList<>();
<span style="color:#880000">//手机蓝牙的UUID固定值</span>
<span style="color:#000088">public</span> <span style="color:#000088">static</span> <span style="color:#000088">final</span> UUID uuid = UUID.fromString(<span style="color:#009900">"00001101-0000-1000-8000-00805F9B34FB"</span>);
<span style="color:#000088">private</span> <span style="color:#000088">static</span> <span style="color:#000088">final</span> <span style="color:#000088">int</span> REQUEST_LOCATION = <span style="color:#006666">1000</span>;<span style="color:#880000">//手机动态请求权限的请求码</span>
<span style="color:#000088">private</span> <span style="color:#000088">static</span> <span style="color:#000088">final</span> <span style="color:#000088">int</span> REQUEST_ENABLE = <span style="color:#006666">1001</span>;<span style="color:#880000">//启动蓝牙设备的请求码</span>
<span style="color:#000088">private</span> <span style="color:#000088">static</span> <span style="color:#000088">final</span> <span style="color:#000088">int</span> REQUEST_DISCOVER_MYSELF = <span style="color:#006666">1002</span>;<span style="color:#880000">//设置自身蓝牙设备可被发现的请求码</span>
<span style="color:#9b859d">@Override</span>
<span style="color:#000088">protected</span> <span style="color:#000088">void</span> <span style="color:#009900">onCreate</span>(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
<span style="color:#000088">super</span>.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
<span style="color:#880000">//实例化</span>
bluetoothAdapter = BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter();
listView = (ListView) findViewById(R.id.lv);
tv_show = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.tv_show);
tv_show_service = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.tv_show_service);
et_send = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.et_send);
btn_send = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btn_send);
<span style="color:#880000">//创建适配器,使用系统布局</span>
adapter = <span style="color:#000088">new</span> ArrayAdapter(<span style="color:#000088">this</span>, android.R.layout.simple_list_item_1, deviceNames);
<span style="color:#880000">//给ListView设置适配器</span>
listView.setAdapter(adapter);
<span style="color:#880000">//判断是否有了权限</span>
checkPermission();
<span style="color:#880000">//给ListView设置点击事件,点击对应的条目就创建对应的客户端,并经行数据的读取和写入</span>
listView.setOnItemClickListener(<span style="color:#000088">new</span> AdapterView.OnItemClickListener() {
<span style="color:#9b859d">@Override</span>
<span style="color:#000088">public</span> <span style="color:#000088">void</span> <span style="color:#009900">onItemClick</span>(AdapterView<?> parent, View view, <span style="color:#000088">int</span> position, <span style="color:#000088">long</span> id) {
<span style="color:#880000">//连接服务器</span>
connServer(devices.get(position));
}
});
}
<span style="color:#880000">/**
* 打开蓝牙设备
*/</span>
<span style="color:#000088">public</span> <span style="color:#000088">void</span> <span style="color:#009900">open</span>(View view) {
<span style="color:#880000">//不推荐</span>
<span style="color:#880000">//bluetoothAdapter.enable();</span>
<span style="color:#880000">//推荐</span>
startActivityForResult(<span style="color:#000088">new</span> Intent(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_REQUEST_ENABLE), REQUEST_ENABLE);
}
<span style="color:#880000">/**
* 关闭蓝牙设备
*/</span>
<span style="color:#000088">public</span> <span style="color:#000088">void</span> <span style="color:#009900">close</span>(View view) {
bluetoothAdapter.disable();<span style="color:#880000">//关闭</span>
<span style="color:#880000">//擦除页面数据</span>
deviceNames.clear();
adapter.notifyDataSetChanged();
}
<span style="color:#880000">/**
* 扫描蓝牙设备
*/</span>
<span style="color:#000088">public</span> <span style="color:#000088">void</span> <span style="color:#009900">scan</span>(View view) {
<span style="color:#000088">if</span> (bluetoothAdapter.isEnabled()) {
<span style="color:#880000">//先清除页面数据!</span>
devices.clear();
deviceNames.clear();
<span style="color:#880000">//使用广播的方法去获取设备,这里就要动态创建广播,并进行接听了</span>
<span style="color:#880000">//定义一个系统规定action的广播,</span>
<span style="color:#880000">//当系统没扫描到一个蓝牙设备就会发送一条广播</span>
<span style="color:#880000">// 当系统做完扫描后,系统会发送广播,你只需在广播接收者做好处理</span>
bluetoothAdapter.startDiscovery();
} <span style="color:#000088">else</span> {
Toast.makeText(<span style="color:#000088">this</span>, <span style="color:#009900">"请先开启蓝牙"</span>, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
}
<span style="color:#880000">/**
* 让自身蓝牙设备可被发现
*/</span>
<span style="color:#000088">public</span> <span style="color:#000088">void</span> <span style="color:#009900">found</span>(View view) {
getMyBondedDevices();
<span style="color:#000088">if</span> (bluetoothAdapter.isDiscovering()) {<span style="color:#880000">//如果蓝牙设置正在扫描</span>
Toast.makeText(<span style="color:#000088">this</span>, <span style="color:#009900">"正在扫描,别急"</span>, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
} <span style="color:#000088">else</span> {
<span style="color:#880000">//这里可以设置显示自己蓝牙设备的时间,默认是300秒,也可以自定义单位是秒</span>
Intent intent = <span style="color:#000088">new</span> Intent(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_REQUEST_DISCOVERABLE).putExtra(BluetoothAdapter.EXTRA_DISCOVERABLE_DURATION, <span style="color:#006666">600</span>);
startActivityForResult(intent, REQUEST_DISCOVER_MYSELF);
}
}
<span style="color:#880000">/**
* 开启蓝牙服务的服务端
*/</span>
<span style="color:#000088">boolean</span> isServer = <span style="color:#000088">false</span>;<span style="color:#880000">//默认是普通客户端</span>
BlueServer server;<span style="color:#880000">//创建蓝牙服务器的对象,在服务器做相关操作</span>
<span style="color:#000088">public</span> <span style="color:#000088">void</span> <span style="color:#009900">createServer</span>(View view) {
server = <span style="color:#000088">new</span> BlueServer(bluetoothAdapter);
server.start();
isServer = <span style="color:#000088">true</span>;<span style="color:#880000">//设置为服务端</span>
}
<span style="color:#880000">/**
* 发送数据
*/</span>
<span style="color:#000088">public</span> <span style="color:#000088">void</span> <span style="color:#009900">send</span>(View view) {
String et = et_send.getText().toString();<span style="color:#880000">//获取输入框的数据</span>
<span style="color:#880000">//给另一端写入数据</span>
write(et);
}
<span style="color:#880000">/**
* 数据的传递
*/</span>
<span style="color:#000088">public</span> <span style="color:#000088">void</span> <span style="color:#009900">write</span>(String msg) {
<span style="color:#000088">if</span> (isServer) {<span style="color:#880000">//服务器的写数据</span>
btn_send.setText(<span style="color:#009900">"服务器"</span>);
handlerSendMessager(<span style="color:#006666">1</span>, msg);
e(<span style="color:#009900">"TAG"</span>, <span style="color:#009900">"----------(server != null && server.getRwStream() != null) "</span> + (server != <span style="color:#000088">null</span> && server.getRwStream() != <span style="color:#000088">null</span>));
<span style="color:#000088">if</span> (server != <span style="color:#000088">null</span> && server.getRwStream() != <span style="color:#000088">null</span>) {
server.getRwStream().write(msg);
}
} <span style="color:#000088">else</span> {<span style="color:#880000">//客户端的写数据</span>
btn_send.setText(<span style="color:#009900">"客户端"</span>);
handlerSendMessager(<span style="color:#006666">2</span>, msg);
<span style="color:#000088">if</span> (client != <span style="color:#000088">null</span>) {
client.write(msg);
}
}
}
<span style="color:#880000">/**
* 监听数据的接收
*/</span>
<span style="color:#000088">public</span> <span style="color:#000088">void</span> <span style="color:#009900">listen</span>(View view) {
<span style="color:#880000">//服务器的监听数据</span>
<span style="color:#000088">if</span> (server != <span style="color:#000088">null</span>) {
server.getRwStream().setDataShow(<span style="color:#000088">new</span> RWStream.DataShow() {
<span style="color:#9b859d">@Override</span>
<span style="color:#000088">public</span> <span style="color:#000088">void</span> <span style="color:#009900">getMessager</span>(<span style="color:#000088">final</span> String message) {
<span style="color:#880000">//要在主线程中改变UI</span>
Log.e(<span style="color:#009900">"TAG"</span>, <span style="color:#009900">"-------listen---Service"</span> + message);
handlerSendMessager(<span style="color:#006666">2</span>, message);
}
});
<span style="color:#880000">//客户端的监听数据</span>
} <span style="color:#000088">else</span> <span style="color:#000088">if</span> (client != <span style="color:#000088">null</span>) {
client.setDataShow(<span style="color:#000088">new</span> RWStream.DataShow() {
<span style="color:#9b859d">@Override</span>
<span style="color:#000088">public</span> <span style="color:#000088">void</span> <span style="color:#009900">getMessager</span>(<span style="color:#000088">final</span> String message) {
<span style="color:#880000">//要在主线程中改变UI</span>
e(<span style="color:#009900">"TAG"</span>, <span style="color:#009900">"-------listen---client"</span> + message);
handlerSendMessager(<span style="color:#006666">1</span>, message);
}
});
}
}
<span style="color:#880000">/**
* Handler包装类
*/</span>
<span style="color:#000088">private</span> <span style="color:#000088">void</span> <span style="color:#009900">handlerSendMessager</span>(<span style="color:#000088">int</span> what, String messge) {
Message msg = Message.obtain();
msg.what = what;
msg.obj = messge;
handler.sendMessage(msg);
}
<span style="color:#880000">/**
* 创建Handler对象用于线程间通信
*/</span>
Handler handler = <span style="color:#000088">new</span> Handler() {
<span style="color:#9b859d">@Override</span>
<span style="color:#000088">public</span> <span style="color:#000088">void</span> <span style="color:#009900">handleMessage</span>(Message msg) {
<span style="color:#000088">super</span>.handleMessage(msg);
<span style="color:#880000">//显示数据在文本中</span>
<span style="color:#000088">if</span> (msg.what == <span style="color:#006666">1</span>) {
<span style="color:#880000">//服务器的数据在右边</span>
tv_show_service.setTextColor(Color.RED);
tv_show_service.setTextSize(<span style="color:#006666">20</span>);
tv_show_service.append(msg.obj + <span style="color:#009900">"\n"</span>);
} <span style="color:#000088">else</span> {
<span style="color:#880000">//客户端的数据在左边</span>
tv_show.setTextColor(Color.BLUE);
tv_show.setTextSize(<span style="color:#006666">20</span>);
tv_show.append(msg.obj + <span style="color:#009900">"\n"</span>);
}
}
};
<span style="color:#880000">/**
* 客户端连接服务器
*/</span>
RWStream client;
<span style="color:#000088">private</span> <span style="color:#000088">void</span> <span style="color:#009900">connServer</span>(BluetoothDevice device) {
<span style="color:#000088">try</span> {
<span style="color:#880000">//创建蓝牙客户端的Socket对象,这里是类BluetoothSocket,服务端是BluetoothServerSocket</span>
BluetoothSocket socket = device.createRfcommSocketToServiceRecord(uuid);
socket.connect();<span style="color:#880000">//连接Socket</span>
<span style="color:#880000">//创建可读写的客户对象,传入Socket对象</span>
client = <span style="color:#000088">new</span> RWStream(socket);
<span style="color:#880000">//开始客户端的线程</span>
client.start();
} <span style="color:#000088">catch</span> (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
<span style="color:#880000">/**
* 判断是否有蓝牙的权限,如果手机系统是6.0以上的就要动态创建权限
*/</span>
<span style="color:#000088">private</span> <span style="color:#000088">void</span> <span style="color:#009900">checkPermission</span>() {
<span style="color:#000088">if</span> (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= <span style="color:#006666">23</span>) {
<span style="color:#880000">//23</span>
<span style="color:#000088">int</span> check = checkSelfPermission(Manifest.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION);
<span style="color:#000088">if</span> (check != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
<span style="color:#880000">//请求权限</span>
requestPermissions(<span style="color:#000088">new</span> String[]{Manifest.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION}, REQUEST_LOCATION);
}
}
}
<span style="color:#880000">/**
* 动态请求权限后,返回页面时的回调方法
*/</span>
<span style="color:#9b859d">@Override</span>
<span style="color:#000088">public</span> <span style="color:#000088">void</span> <span style="color:#009900">onRequestPermissionsResult</span>(<span style="color:#000088">int</span> requestCode, @NonNull String[] permissions, @NonNull <span style="color:#000088">int</span>[] grantResults) {
<span style="color:#000088">super</span>.onRequestPermissionsResult(requestCode, permissions, grantResults);
<span style="color:#000088">if</span> (requestCode == REQUEST_LOCATION && grantResults[<span style="color:#006666">0</span>] == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
Toast.makeText(<span style="color:#000088">this</span>, <span style="color:#009900">"权限已获取"</span>, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
} <span style="color:#000088">else</span> {
Toast.makeText(<span style="color:#000088">this</span>, <span style="color:#009900">"权限未获取"</span>, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
finish();<span style="color:#880000">//关闭页面</span>
}
}
<span style="color:#880000">/**
* 数据回调方法
*/</span>
<span style="color:#9b859d">@Override</span>
<span style="color:#000088">protected</span> <span style="color:#000088">void</span> <span style="color:#009900">onActivityResult</span>(<span style="color:#000088">int</span> requestCode, <span style="color:#000088">int</span> resultCode, Intent data) {
<span style="color:#000088">super</span>.onActivityResult(requestCode, resultCode, data);
<span style="color:#000088">if</span> (requestCode == REQUEST_ENABLE) {
<span style="color:#000088">if</span> (resultCode == RESULT_OK) {
Toast.makeText(<span style="color:#000088">this</span>, <span style="color:#009900">"蓝牙已开启"</span>, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
getMyBondedDevices();<span style="color:#880000">//获取绑定的蓝牙设备</span>
adapter.notifyDataSetChanged();<span style="color:#880000">//刷新适配器</span>
} <span style="color:#000088">else</span> {
Toast.makeText(<span style="color:#000088">this</span>, <span style="color:#009900">"蓝牙未开启"</span>, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
} <span style="color:#000088">else</span> {
}
}
<span style="color:#880000">/**
* 获取已经绑定的蓝牙设置
*/</span>
<span style="color:#000088">private</span> <span style="color:#000088">void</span> <span style="color:#009900">getMyBondedDevices</span>() {
<span style="color:#880000">//获取所有已经绑定了的设备</span>
deviceNames.clear();<span style="color:#880000">//清除设备名称的集合</span>
devices.clear();<span style="color:#880000">//清除蓝牙设备对象的集合</span>
<span style="color:#000088">if</span> (bluetoothAdapter.getBondedDevices() != <span style="color:#000088">null</span>) {<span style="color:#880000">//如果蓝牙适配器对象不为空时</span>
<span style="color:#880000">//获取里面的数据的对象</span>
List<BluetoothDevice> liset = <span style="color:#000088">new</span> ArrayList<>(bluetoothAdapter.getBondedDevices());
devices.addAll(liset);
<span style="color:#880000">//拿到适配器对象的名称数据</span>
<span style="color:#000088">for</span> (BluetoothDevice device : liset) {
deviceNames.add(device.getName());
}
}
}
<span style="color:#880000">/**
* 广播的注册
*/</span>
<span style="color:#9b859d">@Override</span>
<span style="color:#000088">protected</span> <span style="color:#000088">void</span> <span style="color:#009900">onResume</span>() {
<span style="color:#000088">super</span>.onResume();
IntentFilter intentFilter = <span style="color:#000088">new</span> IntentFilter(BluetoothDevice.ACTION_FOUND);
<span style="color:#880000">//添加蓝牙广播的Action</span>
intentFilter.addAction(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_DISCOVERY_FINISHED);
registerReceiver(receiver, intentFilter);<span style="color:#880000">//注册广播接收者</span>
}
<span style="color:#880000">/**
* 广播的停止
*/</span>
<span style="color:#9b859d">@Override</span>
<span style="color:#000088">protected</span> <span style="color:#000088">void</span> <span style="color:#009900">onPause</span>() {
<span style="color:#000088">super</span>.onPause();
unregisterReceiver(receiver);<span style="color:#880000">//取消广播</span>
}
<span style="color:#880000">/**
* 广播接收者的创建
*/</span>
<span style="color:#000088">private</span> BroadcastReceiver receiver = <span style="color:#000088">new</span> BroadcastReceiver() {
<span style="color:#9b859d">@Override</span>
<span style="color:#000088">public</span> <span style="color:#000088">void</span> <span style="color:#009900">onReceive</span>(Context context, Intent intent) {
<span style="color:#880000">//获取设备的发送的广播</span>
<span style="color:#000088">if</span> (intent.getAction().equals(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_DISCOVERY_FINISHED)) {
Toast.makeText(context, <span style="color:#009900">"蓝牙扫描完毕"</span>, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
} <span style="color:#000088">else</span> {
<span style="color:#880000">//获取蓝牙设置对象</span>
BluetoothDevice device = intent.getParcelableExtra(BluetoothDevice.EXTRA_DEVICE);
<span style="color:#880000">//把对象和名称放到对应的集合中</span>
devices.add(device);
deviceNames.add(TextUtils.isEmpty(device.getName()) ? <span style="color:#009900">"未命名"</span> : device.getName());
adapter.notifyDataSetChanged();
}
}
};
}</code></span>
上面程序运行后就可以完成蓝牙通信了,上面程序设计中显示多个按钮是为了蓝牙的使用示范,实际程序中,可以减少扫描按钮,比如程序运行就打开蓝牙,监听数据的按钮的方法也是可以嵌入到程序当中。
本程序虽然可以进行简单通信,但是也是有一些bug的,比如没有按照上面的步骤操作,直接点击后面的按钮是会空指针的!逻辑处理没有完善。
如果要传输文件,或其他数据都是可以的,那就要对输入流和输出流进行设置了。
这里对Socket编程简单做几句介绍,其实Socket编程并不是很难理解。Socket编程一般需要一个服务端SocketServie和一个或多个客户端Socket,通过SocketService或Socket对象获取它的输入流实现对数据的读取,获取输出流实现对数据的写入。其中数据如果要一直读取就要写一个一直执行的子线程,让它一直在跑。
而Tcp/Udp编程就要用到ip地址和端口号了。Socket编程可以结合Tcp使用网络。