基于TCP和UDP的Socket编程事例代码

首先是基于TCP的socket编程

package primary;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.net.InetAddress;
import java.net.ServerSocket;
import java.net.Socket;

import org.junit.Test;

public class TCPSocket {
	@Test
	public void Client() {
		Socket s = null;
		OutputStream os = null;
		InputStream is = null;
		try {
			s = new Socket(InetAddress.getByName("127.0.0.1"), 8989);// 客户端Socket，指定服务端IP和端口号
			os = s.getOutputStream();
			os.write("你好，服务器!".getBytes()); // 要输出的数据
			s.shutdownOutput(); // 数据输出完毕
			is = s.getInputStream();
			int len = 0;
			byte[] b = new byte[8];
			while ((len = is.read(b)) != -1) {
				System.out.print(new String(b, 0, len));
			}
		} catch (IOException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} finally {
			if (is != null) {
				try {
					is.close();
				} catch (IOException e) {
					e.printStackTrace();
				}
			}
			if (os != null) {
				try {
					os.close();
				} catch (IOException e) {
					e.printStackTrace();
				}
			}
			if (s != null) {
				try {
					s.close();
				} catch (IOException e) {
					e.printStackTrace();
				}
			}
		}
	}

	@Test
	public void Server() {
		ServerSocket ss = null;
		Socket s = null;
		OutputStream os = null;
		try {
			ss = new ServerSocket(8989); // 服务端Socket指定端口即可
			s = ss.accept();
			InputStream is = s.getInputStream();
			byte[] b = new byte[8];
			int len = 0;
			while ((len = is.read(b)) != -1) {
				System.out.print(new String(b, 0, len));
			}

			os = s.getOutputStream();
			os.write("我已收到你的信息".getBytes());
			s.shutdownOutput();
		} catch (IOException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} finally {
			if (os != null) {
				try {
					os.close();
				} catch (IOException e) {
					e.printStackTrace();
				}
			}
			if (s != null) {
				try {
					s.close();
				} catch (IOException e) {
					e.printStackTrace();
				}
			}
			if (ss != null) {
				try {
					ss.close();
				} catch (IOException e) {
					e.printStackTrace();
				}
			}
		}
	}
}

基于UDP的Socket编程

package primary;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.DatagramPacket;
import java.net.DatagramSocket;
import java.net.InetAddress;

import org.junit.Test;

public class UDPSocket {
	@Test
	public void Send() {// 发送端
		DatagramSocket ds = null; // 数据报套接字
		try {
			ds = new DatagramSocket();
			byte[] b = "你好，我是要传输的数据".getBytes();

			// 数据报包，包含要发送的数据，发送的地址及程序端口号
			DatagramPacket dp = new DatagramPacket(b, 0, b.length, InetAddress.getByName("127.0.0.1"), 8989);
			ds.send(dp);
		} catch (IOException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} finally {
			if (ds != null) {
				ds.close();
			}
		}
	}

	@Test
	public void receive() {// 接收端
		DatagramSocket ds = null;
		try {
			ds = new DatagramSocket(8989);
			byte[] b = new byte[1024];
			DatagramPacket dp = new DatagramPacket(b, 0, b.length);
			ds.receive(dp);
			System.out.println(new String(b));
		} catch (IOException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} finally {
			if (ds != null) {
				ds.close();
			}
		}
	}
}

TCP传输需经历“三次握手”,安全，但效率要低于UDP