线程的实现即生命周期

写在前面：理解线程，我认为只要理解两个名字就行了，异步和并发；先记录一下线程的实现方式，后面会详细解释这两个词以及线程的状态

一、线程的实现

1、继承Thread类

public class ThreadDemo extends Thread  {

    @Override
    public void run() {
        try {
            Thread.sleep(2000);
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        System.out.println("Thread - 1");
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new ThreadDemo().start();
        System.out.println("main - 1");
    }

}

2、实现Runnable接口

public class RunnableDemo implements Runnable {
    @Override
    public void run() {
        // false
        //System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().isInterrupted());
        // 外部中断线程的标记位
        while(!Thread.currentThread().isInterrupted()) {
            try {
                TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(2);
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
            System.out.println("test");
        }
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Thread thread = new Thread(new RunnableDemo());
        thread.start();
        try {
            TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(1);
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        // 修改标志位，，如果捕获了InterruptedException这个异常
        // 会响应改异常做复位
        thread.interrupt();
        // true
        System.out.println(thread.isInterrupted());
    }
}

上面的interrupt()是线程的标志位操作，调用该方法会改变标志位的值

3、实现Callable接口，带返回值的线程

public class CallableDemo implements Callable<String> {

    public String call() throws Exception {
        return "SUCCESS";
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) throws ExecutionException, InterruptedException {
        ExecutorService executorService = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(1);
        Future<String> future = executorService.submit(new CallableDemo());
        System.out.println("开始阻塞");
        System.out.println(future.get());
    }
}

大家所熟悉的restTemplate请求时就是通过该线程方式实现的优化，异步发送请求拿到返回值

二、线程的状态

1、先看一段代码

public class ThreadStatus {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        // 阻塞状态 TIMED_WAITING
        new Thread(()->{
            while (true){
                try {
                    TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(100);
                } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        },"STATUS-01").start();

        // 阻塞状态 WAITING
        new Thread( () -> {
            while(true) {
                synchronized (ThreadStatus.class) {
                    try {
                        ThreadStatus.class.wait();
                    } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                        e.printStackTrace();
                    }
                }
            }
        }, "STATUS-02").start();

        // TIMED_WAITING
        new Thread(new BlockDemo(), "Block-01").start();
        //BLOCKED
        new Thread(new BlockDemo(), "Block-02").start();
    }

    static class BlockDemo extends Thread {
        @Override
        public void run() {
            synchronized (BlockDemo.class) {
                while (true){
                    try {
                        TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(100);
                    } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                        e.printStackTrace();
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }

}

在idea工具里面运行该代码，找到.class文件，打开命令窗口，输入jps查找进程号3928，如下

继续运行命令 jstack 3928,可以看到代码中各进程的状态，如下：

如下为线程生命周期

最后：